RE-ESTABLISH — REFRAME
RE-ESTABLISH, v.t. [re and establish.] To establish anew; to fix or confirm again; as, to re-establish a covenant; to re-establish health.
RE-ESTABLISHED, pp. Established or confirmed again.
RE-ESTABLISHER, n. One who establishes again.
RE-ESTABLISHING, ppr. Establishing anew; confirming again.
RE-ESTABLISHMENT, n. The act of establishing again; the state of being re-established; renewed confirmation; restoration.
RE-ESTATE, v.t. [re and estate.] To re-establish. [Not used.]
REEVE, n. A steward. Obs.
REEVE, n. A bird, the female of the ruff.
REEVE, v.t. In seamen’s language, to pass the end of a rope through any hole in a block, thimble, cleat, ring-bolt, cringle, etc.
RE-EXAMINATION, n. A renewed or repeated examination.
RE-EXAMINE, v.t. [re and examine.] To examine anew.
RE-EXCHANGE, n. [re and exchange.]
1. A renewed exchange.NWAD RE-EXCHANGE.2
2. In commerce, the exchange chargeable on the redraft of a bill of exchange.NWAD RE-EXCHANGE.3
The rate of re-exchange is regulated with respect to the drawer, at the course of exchange between the place where the bill of exchange was payable, and the place where it was drawn. Re-exchanges cannot be emulated.NWAD RE-EXCHANGE.4
RE-EXPORT, v.t. [re and export.] To export again; to export what has been imported. In the United States, a drawback is allowed on commodities re-exported.
RE-EXPORT, n. Any commodity re-exported.
RE-EXPORTATION, n. The act of exporting what has been imported.
RE-EXPORTED, pp. Exported after being imported.
RE-EXPORTING, ppr. Exporting what has been imported.
REFECT, v.t. [L. refectus, reficio; re and facio, to make.]
To refresh; to restore after hunger or fatigue. [Not in use.]NWAD REFECT.2
REFECTION, n. [L. refectio.]
1. Refreshment after hunger or fatigue.NWAD REFECTION.2
2. A spare meal or repast.NWAD REFECTION.3
REFECTIVE, a. Refreshing; restoring.
REFECTIVE, n. That which refreshes.
REFECTORY, n. A room of refreshment; properly, a hall or apartment in convents and monasteries, where a moderate repast is taken.
REFEL, v.t. [L. refello.] To refute; to disprove; to repress; as, to refel the tricks of a sophister. [Little used.]
REFER, v.t. [L. refero; re and fero, to bear.]
1. To direct, leave or deliver over to another person or tribunal for information or decision; as when parties to a suit refer their cause to another court; or the court refers a cause to individuals for examination and report. A person whose opinion is requested, sometimes refers the inquirer to another person or other source of information.NWAD REFER.2
2. To reduce as to the ultimate end.NWAD REFER.3
You profess and practice to refer all things to yourself.NWAD REFER.4
3. To reduce; to assign; as to an order, genus or class. Naturalists are sometimes at a loss to know to what class or genus an animal or plant is to be referred.NWAD REFER.5
To refer one’s self, to betake; to apply. [Little used.]NWAD REFER.6
REFER, v.i.
1. To respect; to have relation. Many passages of Scripture refer to the peculiar customs of the orientals.NWAD REFER.8
2. To appeal; to have recourse; to apply.NWAD REFER.9
In suits it is good to refer to some friend of trust.NWAD REFER.10
3. To allude; to have respect to by intimation without naming. I refer to a well known fact.NWAD REFER.11
1. That may be referred; capable of being considered in relation to something else.NWAD REFERABLE.2
2. That may be assigned; that may be considered as belonging to or related to.NWAD REFERABLE.3
It is a question among philosophers, whether all the attractions which obtain between bodies, are referable to one general cause.NWAD REFERABLE.4
REFEREE, n. One to whom a thing is referred; particularly, a person appointed by a court to hear, examine and decide a cause between parties, pending before the court, and make report to the court. In New England, a referee differs from a arbitrator, in being appointed by the court to decide in a cause which is depending before that court. An arbitrator is chosen by parties to decide a cause between them.
1. A sending, dismission or direction to another for information.NWAD REFERENCE.2
2. Relation; respect; view towards.NWAD REFERENCE.3
The christian religion commands sobriety, temperance and moderation, in reference to our appetites and passions.NWAD REFERENCE.4
3. Allusion to. In his observations he had no reference to the case which has been stated.NWAD REFERENCE.5
4. In law, the process of assigning a cause depending in court, for a hearing and decision, to persons appointed by the court.NWAD REFERENCE.6
1. One to whose decision a cause is referred. [Not in use.]NWAD REFERENDARY.2
2. An officer who delivered the royal answer to petitions.NWAD REFERENDARY.3
REFERMENT, n. Reference for decision. [Not used.]
RE-FERMENT, v.t. [re and ferment.] To ferment again.
REFERRED, pp. Dismissed or directed to another; assigned, as to a class, order or cause; assigned by a court to persons appointed to decide.
REFERRIBLE, a. That may be referred; referable.
REFERRING, ppr. Dismissing or directing to another for information; alluding; assigning, as to a class, order, cause, etc.; or assigning to private persons for decision.
RE-FIND, v.t. [re and find.] To find again; to experience anew.
1. To purify; in a general sense; applied to liquors, to depurate; to defecate; to clarify; to separate, as liquor, from all extraneous matter. In this sense, the verb is used with propriety, but it is customary to use fine.NWAD REFINE.2
2. Applied to metals, to separate the metallic substance from all other matter, whether another metal or alloy, or any earthy substance; in short, to detach the pure metal from all extraneous matter.NWAD REFINE.3
I will bring the third part through the fire, and will refine them as silver is refined. Zechariah 13:9.NWAD REFINE.4
3. To purify, as manners, from what is gross, clownish or vulgar; to polish; to make elegant. We expect to see refined manners in courts.NWAD REFINE.5
4. To purify, as language, by removing vulgar words and barbarisms.NWAD REFINE.6
5. To purify, as taste; to give a nice and delicate perception of beauty and propriety in literature and the arts.NWAD REFINE.7
6. To purify, as the mind or moral principles; to give or implant in the mind a nice perception of truth, justice and propriety in commerce and social intercourse. This nice perception of what is right constitutes rectitude of principle, or moral refinement of mind; and a correspondent practice of social duties, constitutes rectitude of conduct or purity of morals. Hence we speak of a refined mind, refined morals, refined principles.NWAD REFINE.8
To refine the heart or soul, to cleanse it from all carnal or evil affections and desires and implant in it holy or heavenly affections.NWAD REFINE.9
REFINE, v.i.
1. To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or in any thing that constitutes excellence.NWAD REFINE.11
Chaucer refined on Boccace and mended his stories.NWAD REFINE.12
Let a lord but own the happy lines, how the wit brightens, how the sense refines!NWAD REFINE.13
2. to become pure; to be cleared of feculent matter.NWAD REFINE.14
So the pure limpid stream, when foul with stains, works itself clear, and as it runs, refines.NWAD REFINE.15
3. To affect nicety. Men sometimes refine in speculation beyond the limits of practical truth.NWAD REFINE.16
He makes another paragraph about our refining in controversy.NWAD REFINE.17
REFINED, pp. Purified; separated from extraneous matter; assayed, as metals; clarified, as liquors; polished; separated from what is coarse, rude or improper.
REFINEDLY, adv. With affected nicety or elegance.
REFINEDNESS, n. State of being refined; purity; refinement; also, affected purity.
1. The act of purifying by separating from a substance all extraneous matter; a clearing from dross, dregs or recrement; as the refinement of metals or liquors.NWAD REFINEMENT.2
2. The state of being pure.NWAD REFINEMENT.3
The more bodies are of a kin to spirit in subtilty and refinement, the more diffusive are they.NWAD REFINEMENT.4
3. Polish of language; elegance; purity.NWAD REFINEMENT.5
From the civil war to this time, I doubt whether the corruptions in our language have not equaled its refinements.NWAD REFINEMENT.6
4. Polish of manners; elegance; nice observance of the civilities of social intercourse and of graceful decorum. Refinement of manners is often found in persons of corrupt morals.NWAD REFINEMENT.7
5. Purity of taste; nice perception of beauty and propriety in literature and the arts.NWAD REFINEMENT.8
6. Purity of mind and morals; nice perception and observance of rectitude in moral principles and practice.NWAD REFINEMENT.9
7. Purity of heart; the state of the heart purified from sensual and evil affections. This refinement is the effect of christian principles.NWAD REFINEMENT.10
8. Artificial practice; subtilty; as the refinements of cunning.NWAD REFINEMENT.11
9. Affectation of nicety, or of elegant improvement; as the refinements of reasoning or philosophy.NWAD REFINEMENT.12
1. One that refines metals or other things.NWAD REFINER.2
2. An improver in purity and elegance; as a refiner of language.NWAD REFINER.3
3. An inventor of superfluous subtilities; one is who over nice in discrimination, in argument, reasoning, philosophy, etc.NWAD REFINER.4
REFINERY, n. The place and apparatus for refining metals.
REFINING, ppr. Purifying; separating from alloy or any extraneous matter; polishing; improving in accuracy, delicacy or purity.
REFIT, v.t. [re and fit.] To fit or prepare again; to repair; to restore after damage or decay; as, to refit ships of war.
REFITTED, pp. Prepared again; repaired.
REFITTING, ppr. Repairing after damage or decay.
REFLECT, v.t. [L. reflecto; re and flecto, to bend.]
To throw back; to return. In the rainbow, the rays of light are reflected as well as refracted.NWAD REFLECT.2
Bodies close together reflect their own color.NWAD REFLECT.3
REFLECT, v.i.
1. To throw back light; to return rays or beams; as a reflecting mirror or gem.NWAD REFLECT.5
2. To bend back.NWAD REFLECT.6
3. To throw or turn back the thoughts upon the past operations of the mind or upon past events. We reflect with pleasure on a generous or heroic action; we reflect with pain on our follies and vices; we reflect on our former thoughts, meditations and opinions.NWAD REFLECT.7
4. To consider attentively; to revolve in the mind; to contemplate; as, I will reflect on this subject.NWAD REFLECT.8
And as I much reflected, much I mourn’d.NWAD REFLECT.9
In every action, reflect upon the end.NWAD REFLECT.10
[To reflect on things future, is not strictly possible, yet the word is often used as synonymous with meditate and contemplate.]NWAD REFLECT.11
5. To bring reproach.NWAD REFLECT.12
Errors of wives reflect on husband still.NWAD REFLECT.13
To reflect on, to cast censure or reproach.NWAD REFLECT.14
I do not reflect in the least on the memory of his late majesty.NWAD REFLECT.15
REFLECTED, pp. Thrown back; returned; as reflected light.
REFLECTENT, a. Bending or flying back; as the ray descendent, and ray reflectent.
REFLECTIBLE, a. That may be reflected or thrown back.
1. Throwing back.NWAD REFLECTING.2
2. Turning back, as thoughts upon themselves or upon past events.NWAD REFLECTING.3
3. Reflecting on, casting censure or reproach.NWAD REFLECTING.4
REFLECTINGLY, adv. With reflection; with censure.
1. The act of throwing back; as the reflection of light or colors. The angle of incidence and the angle of reflection are always equal.NWAD REFLECTION.2
2. The act of bending back.NWAD REFLECTION.3
3. That which is reflected.NWAD REFLECTION.4
As the sun in water we can bear, yet not the sun, but his reflection there.NWAD REFLECTION.5
4. The operation of the mind by which it turns its views back upon itself and its operations; the review or consideration of past thoughts, opinions or decisions of the mind, or of past events.NWAD REFLECTION.6
5. Thought thrown back on itself, on the past or on the absent; as melancholy reflections; delightful reflections.NWAD REFLECTION.7
Job’s reflections on his once flourishing estate, at the same time afflicted and encouraged him.NWAD REFLECTION.8
6. The expression of thought.NWAD REFLECTION.9
7. Attentive consideration; meditation; contemplation.NWAD REFLECTION.10
This delight grows and improves under thought and reflection.NWAD REFLECTION.11
8. Censure; reproach cast.NWAD REFLECTION.12
He died, and oh! may no reflection shed its pois’nous venom on the royal dead.NWAD REFLECTION.13
1. Throwing back images; as a reflective mirror.NWAD REFLECTIVE.2
In the reflective stream the sighing bride, viewing her charms impair’d -NWAD REFLECTIVE.3
2. Considering the operation of the mind, or things past; as reflective reason.NWAD REFLECTIVE.4
1. One who reflects or considers.NWAD REFLECTOR.2
2. That which reflects.NWAD REFLECTOR.3
REFLEX, a. [L. reflexus.]
1. Directed back; as a reflex act of the soul, the turning of the intellectual eye inward upon its own actions.NWAD REFLEX.2
2. Designating the parts of a painting illuminated by light reflected from another part of the same picture.NWAD REFLEX.3
3. In botany, bent back; reflected.NWAD REFLEX.4
REFLEX, n. Reflection. [Not used.]
REFLEX, v.t.
1. To reflect.NWAD REFLEX.7
2. To bend back; to turn back. [Little used.]NWAD REFLEX.8
REFLEXIBILITY, n. The quality of being reflexible or capable of being reflected; as the reflexibility of the rays of light.
REFLEXIBLE, a. Capable of being reflected or thrown back.
The light of the sun consists of rays differently refrangible and reflexible.NWAD REFLEXIBLE.2
REFLEXION. [See Reflection.]
REFLEXITY, n. Capacity of being reflected.
REFLEXIVE, a. Having respect to something past.
Assurance reflexive cannot be a divine faith.NWAD REFLEXIVE.2
REFLEXIVELY, adv. In a direction backward.
REFLOAT, n. [re and float.] Reflux; ebb; a flowing back. [Little used.]
REFLORESCENCE, n. [re and florescence.] A blossoming anew.
REFLOURISH, v.i. reflur’ish. [re and flourish.] To flourish anew.
REFLOW, v.i. [re and flow.] To flow back; to ebb.
REFLOWING, ppr. Flowing backing; ebbing.
REFLUENCE, REFLUENCY, n. [from refluent.] A flowing back.
REFLUENT, a. [L. refluens; re and fluo.]
1. Flowing back; ebbing; as the refluent tide.NWAD REFLUENT.2
2. Flowing back; returning, as a fluid; as refluent blood.NWAD REFLUENT.3
REFLUX, n. [L. refluxus.] A flowing back; the returning of a fluid; as the flux and reflux of the tides; the flux and reflux of Euripus.
REFOCILLATE, v.t. [L. refocillo; re and the root of focus.] To refresh; to revive; to give new vigor to. [Little used.]
REFOCILLATION, n. The act of refreshing or giving new vigor; restoration of strength by refreshment. [Little used.]
REFOMENT, v.t. [re and foment.]
1. To foment anew; to warm or cherish again.NWAD REFOMENT.2
2. To excite anew.NWAD REFOMENT.3
REFOMENTED, pp. Fomented or incited anew.
REFOMENTING, ppr. Fomenting anew; exciting again.
REFORM, v.t. [L. reformo; re and formo, to form.]
1. To change from worse to better; to amend; to correct; to restore to a former good state, or to bring from a bad to a good state; as, to reform a profligate man; to reform corrupt manners or morals.NWAD REFORM.2
The example alone of a vicious prince will corrupt an age, but that of a good one will not reform it.NWAD REFORM.3
2. To change from bad to good; to remove that which is bad or corrupt; as, to reform abuses; to reform the vices of the age.NWAD REFORM.4
REFORM, v.i. To abandon that which is evil or corrupt, and return to a good state; to be amended or corrected. A man of settled habits of vice will seldom reform.
RE-FORM, v.t. [re and form; with the accent on the first syllable.] To form again; to create or shape anew.
REFORM, n. Reformation; amendment of what is defective, vicious, corrupt or depraved; as the reform of parliamentary elections; reform of government.
1. The act of reforming; correction or amendment of life, manners, or of any thing vicious or corrupt; as the reformation of manners; reformation of the age; reformation of abuses.NWAD REFORMATION.2
Satire lashes vice into reformation.NWAD REFORMATION.3
2. By way of eminence, the change of religion from the corruptions of popery to its primitive purity, begun by Luther, A.D. 1517.NWAD REFORMATION.4
RE-FORMATION, n. The act of forming anew; a second forming in order; as the re-formation of a column of troops into a hollow square.
REFORMED, pp. Corrected; amended; restored to a good state; as a reformed profligate; the reformed church.
1. One who effects a reformation or amendment; as a reformer of manners or of abuses.NWAD REFORMER.2
2. One of those who commenced the reformation of religion from popish corruption; as Luther, Melancthon, Zuinglius and Calvin.NWAD REFORMER.3
REFORMING, ppr. Correcting what is wrong; amending; restoring to a good state.
REFORMING, ppr. Forming anew.
1. One who is of the reformed religion.NWAD REFORMIST.2
2. One who proposes or favors a political reform.NWAD REFORMIST.3
REFORTIFICATION, n. A fortifying a second time.
REFORTIFY, v.t. [re and fortify.] To fortify anew.
REFOSSION, n. The act of digging up.
REFOUND, v.t. [re and found.] To found or cast anew.
REFRACT, v.t. [L. refractus, refringo; re and frango, to break.]
To break the natural course of the rays of light; to cause to deviate from a direct course. A dense medium refracts the rays of light, as they pass into it from a rare medium.NWAD REFRACT.2
1. Turned from a direct course, as rays of light.NWAD REFRACTED.2
2. a. In botany, bent back at an acute angle; as a refracted corol.NWAD REFRACTED.3
1. Turning from a direct course.NWAD REFRACTING.2
2. a. That turns rays from a direct course; as a refracting medium.NWAD REFRACTING.3
REFRACTION, n. The deviation of a moving body, chiefly rays of light, from a direct course. This is occasioned by the different densities of the mediums through which light passes.
Refraction out of a rarer medium into a denser, is made towards the perpendicular.NWAD REFRACTION.2
Refraction may be caused by a body’s falling obliquely out of one medium into another.NWAD REFRACTION.3
Refraction double, the separation of a ray of light into two separate parts, by passing through certain transparent mediums, as the Iceland crystal. All crystals, except those whose primitive form is either a cube or a regular octahedron, exhibit double refraction.NWAD REFRACTION.4
REFRACTIVE, a. That refracts or has power to refract or turn from a direct course; as refractive densities.
Perverse or sullen obstinacy in opposition or disobedience.NWAD REFRACTORINESS.2
I never allowed any man’s refractoriness against the privileges and orders of the house.NWAD REFRACTORINESS.3
REFRACTORY, a. [L. refractarius, from refragor, to resist; re and fragor, from frango.]
1. Sullen or perverse in opposition or disobedience; obstinate in non-compliance; as a refractory child; a refractory servant.NWAD REFRACTORY.2
Raging appetites that are most disobedient and refractory.NWAD REFRACTORY.3
2. Unmanageable; obstinately unyielding; as a refractory beast.NWAD REFRACTORY.4
3. Applied to metals, difficult of fusion; not easily yielding to the force of heat.NWAD REFRACTORY.5
REFRACTORY, n.
1. A person obstinate in opposition or disobedience.NWAD REFRACTORY.7
2. Obstinate opposition. [Not used.]NWAD REFRACTORY.8
REFRAGABLE, a. [L. refragor; re and frango.]
That may be refuted that is, broken.NWAD REFRAGABLE.2
REFRAIN, v.t. [L. refaeno; re and fraeno, to curb; fraenum, a rein. See Rein.]
To hold back; to restrain; to keep from action.NWAD REFRAIN.2
My son - refrain thy foot from their path. Proverbs 1:15.NWAD REFRAIN.3
Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by. Genesis 45:1.NWAD REFRAIN.4
REFRAIN, v.i. To forbear; to abstain; to keep one’s self from action or interference.
Refrain from these men and let them alone. Acts 5:38.NWAD REFRAIN.6
REFRAIN, n. The burden of a song; a kind of musical repetition.
REFRAINED, pp. Held back; restrained.
REFRAINING, ppr. Holding back; forbearing.
REFRAME, v.t. [re and frame.] To frame again.