IGICE CYA 3 - IGIHE CY’UMWIJIMA MU BY’UMWUKA (UBUHAKANYI)

Mu rwandiko rwa kabiri intumwa Pawulo yandikiye Abanyatesalonike, yahanuye iby’ubuyobe bukomeye bwajyaga kuzaba inkurikizi y’ishyirwaho ry’ubutegetsi bw’ubupapa. Yavuze yeruye ko umunsi wa Kristo utazaza « kurya kwimura Imana kutabanje kubaho, kandi urya munyabugome atarahishurwa, ni we mwana wo kurimbuka, ni umubisha wishyira hejuru y’icyitwa imana cyose cyangwa igisengwa, kugira ngo yicare mu rusengero rw’Imana, yiyerekane ko ari Imana.» Byongeye kandi, Pawulo yaburiye abavandimwe be ati: «amayoberane y’ubugome n’ubu yatangiye gukora.” 2Abatesalonike 2:3, 4, 7.II 47.1

Ayo “mayoberane y’ubugome,” yatangiye rwihishwa kandi bucece maze nyuma agenda arushaho gukora ku mugaragaro uko yagendaga agwiza imbaraga kandi yigarurira ibitekerezo by’abantu, buhoro buhoro yakomeje umurimo wayo w’ubushukanyi no gutuka Imana. Imigenzo ya gipagani yinjiye mu itorero rya Gikristo mu buryo busa n’ubutagaragara. Akarengane itorero ryagiriwe n’abapagani katumye hashira igihe abakristo badafite umutima wo kudohoka ku kwizera kwabo ngo bifatanye n’abapagani kandi ngo bigane imigenzo yabo. Nyamara aho akarengane karangiriye maze ubukristo bukagera no mu ngoro z’abami, itorero ryaretse kwicisha bugufi no kwiyoroshya kwa Kristo n’intumwa ze maze rikurikiza kwishyira imbere n’ubwibone by’abapadiri n’abayobozi b’abapagani; kandi mu cyimbo cyo gukora ibitegetswe n’Imana rikurikiza inyigisho n’imigenzo byahimbwe n’abantu. Kwihana bya nyirarureshwa kwa Constantine kwabaye mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya kane kwanejeje abantu cyane; maze ingeso mbi z’isi ziherako zinjira mu itorero ziyoberanyije zisa n’ubutungane. Ubwo konona itorero byariyongereye kandi bikorwa vuba cyane. Ubupagani bwasaga n’ubwatsinzwe ariko ni bwo bwatsinze. Imikorere yabwo ni yo yategekaga itorero. Inyigisho zabwo, imihango yabwo, ndetse n’imigenzo yabwo ishingiye ku kwizera imbaraga z’ubupfumu, byinjijwe mu myizerere no mu misengere y’abiyitaga abayoboke ba Kristo.II 47.2

Ubwo bwumvikane bw’ubupagani n’Ubukristo bwaje kuvamo gukomera k’ umunyabugome wari warahanuwe ko azarwanya Imana kandi akishyira hejuru yayo. Iyo mikorere ikomeye y’iyobokamana ry’ibinyoma ni wo murimo ukomeye w’ububasha bwa Satani, ukaba ugaragaza umuhati agira wo kwiyimika ngo ategeke isi uko abishaka.II 47.3

Satani yigeze gushaka ko Kristo adohoka ku mahame ye kugira ngo bagirane ubwumvikane. Yamusanze mu butayu yamugeragerejemo, nuko amaze kumwereka ubwami bw’isi bwose n’ikuzo ryabwo, amusezeranira kubimuha byose aramutse gusa yemeye kumvira uwo mutware w’umwijima. Kristo yacyashye uwo mushukanyi wigerejeho ahangara kumugerageza maze amutegeka kuva aho ari. Nyamara Satani arushaho kugera ku byo yashakaga iyo ashukishije umuntu ikigeragezo nk’icyo yagerageresheje Yesu. Gushaka kwibonera indamu n’icyubahiro by’isi byatumye itorero rishaka kwemerwa no gushyigikirwa n’abakomeye bo ku isi; kandi kuko ryari ryihakanye Kristo, ryohejwe kuyoboka uhagarariye Satani, ari we mwepisikopi w’i Roma.II 48.1

Imwe mu nyigisho zikomeye z’itorero Gatolika ry’i Roma ivuga ko Papa ari we muyobozi mukuru ugaragara w’itorero rya Kristo ku isi yose, akaba yarahawe ubutware bwo gutegeka abepisikopi n’abapasitoro bose bo ku isi yose. Ikirenze ibyo, papa bamuha amazina y’Imana ubwayo. Bamwita « Nyagasani Mana, Papa»; kandi bavuga ko adashobora kwibeshya no kugwa mu ikosa. Ategeka abantu bose kumuramya. Icyubahiro Satani yiyitiriraga mu butayu yageragerejemo Yesu n’ubu aracyacyiyitirira abinyujije mu itorero Gatolika ry’i Roma, kandi imbaga y’abantu benshi yiteguye kumuyoboka.II 48.2

Nyamara abubaha Imana kandi bakayumvira bahangana n’uko kugerageza kwiyitirira icyubahiro cy’ijuru nk’uko Kristo yamaganye ibyo umwanzi we Satani ufite amayeri menshi yamusabaga maze akamukangara ati: « Handitswe ngo ‘Uramye Uwiteka Imana yawe, abe ari yo ukorera yonyine.’” Luka 4:8. Imana ntiyigeze igaragaza mu Ijambo ryayo ko hari umuntu yatoye ngo abe umutware mukuru w’itorero ryayo. Inyigisho ivuga ko ubupapa bufite ububasha bwo gutegeka itorero itandukanye n’inyigisho zo mu Byanditswe Byera. Nta bubasha Papa ashobora kugira ku itorero rya Kristo keretse ubwo yihaye ubwe.II 48.3

Abagatolika b’i Roma bakomeje kurega Abaporotesitanti ko bayobye kandi ko bitandukanyije n’itorero nyakuri babigambiriye. Nyamara ahubwo ibyo birego ni bo bitunga urutoki. Ni bo bamanuye ibendera rya Kristo maze bitandukanya no « kwizera abera bahawe rimwe, bakazageza iteka ryose” Yuda 3.II 49.1

Satani yari azi neza yuko Ibyanditswe Byera bizashoboza abantu kumenya neza ubuhendanyi bwe no guhangana n’imbaraga ze bashikamye. Ndetse iryo jambo ry’Imana ni ryo Umukiza w’abatuye isi yatsindishije ibitero yamugabyeho. Buri gitero yamugabagaho, Kristo yakingaga ingabo y’ukuri guhoraho akamubwira ati:« Biranditswe ngo” [Bibiliya Ijambo ry’Imana]. Ibyo umwanzi yamusabaga gukora byose yabitsindishaga ubwenge n’ubushobozi by’ijambo ry’Imana.II 49.2

Kugira ngo Satani akomeze ategeke abantu kandi ahe ububasha umupapa wihaye ubutegetsi, yagombaga kubabuza gusobanukirwa Ibyanditswe Byera. Bibiliya yerekana ikuzo ry’Imana kandi ikereka abantu bapfa umwanya barimo, ni cyo gituma umwazi yagombaga gupfukirana ukuri kwayo kuziranenge akanagukuraho. Ubwo buryo ni bwo itorero Gatolika ry’i Roma ryakurikije. Hashize imyaka amagana menshi gukwirakwiza Bibiliya bibujijwe. Abantu babujijwe kuyisoma cyangwa kuyitunga mu ngo zabo ; maze abapadiri n’abepisikopi badakurikiza amahame mazima bakajya basobanura inyigisho zayo bagambiriye gushyigikira ibinyoma byabo. Nguko uko abatuye isi hafi ya bose bageze aho bemera ko Papa ari umusimbura w’Imana ku isi n’ufite ububasha bwo gutegeka itorero na leta.II 49.3

Satani amaze gukuraho icyo gikoresho gitahura ibinyoma kikabishyira ahagaragara, noneho yari abonye akito ko gukora ibyo yishakiye. Byari byarahanuwe ko ubupapa buzigira “inama yo guhindura ibihe n’amategeko.” Daniyeli 7:25. Ibyo kandi ubupapa ntibwazuyaje kubikora. Mu gushaka guha abapagani bahindutse abakristo ingurane y’ibigirwamana basengaga, bityo no kwemera kuba abakristo mu magambo gusa kwabo kugashyigikirwa, buhoro buhoro itorero ryagiye ryinjizwamo gahunda yo kuramya ibishushanyo n’ibisigazwa by’imibiri y’abatunganiye Imana bo mu gihe cya kera. Hanyuma, inama rusange y’itorero yashyizeho iteka rishimangira ubwo buryo bwo kuramya ibishushanyo. Mu kuzuza icyo gikorwa cy’agahomamunwa, itorero ry’i Roma ryahangaye gukuraho itegeko rya kabiri mu mategeko y’Imana, ari ryo ribuzanya gusenga ibishushanyo, maze irya cumi barigabanyamo kabiri, kugira ngo umubare w’amategeko ukomeze kuba icumi.II 50.1

Uwo mutima wo kwemera ko imigenzo ya gipagani ikorwa no mu itorero watumye habaho ukundi gusuzugura ubutware bw’Imana kurushijeho. Satani yakoreye mu bayoboraga itorero batari bariyeguriye Imana maze ahindura n’itegeko rya kane, agerageza gukuraho Isabato yari yarabayeho kuva kera, ari yo munsi Imana yahaye umugisha kandi ikaweza (Itangiriro 2:2,3); maze mu cyimbo cyawo agerageza kwerereza umunsi mukuru abapagani bizihizaga bawita “umunsi ukwiye kubahwa w’izuba.” Ku ikubitiro, uwo munsi ntiwahise uhindurwa mu buryo bugaragara. Mu myaka amagana make nyuma ya Yesu, Abakristo bose bakomezaga Isabato nyakuri. Bitaga cyane ku kubaha Imana uko bikwiye, kandi kuko bizeraga ko amategeko yayo adahinduka, bagiraga umwete wo kwitondera ibyo yategetse. Ariko Satani yakoreye mu bakozi be akoresheje uburiganya bukomeye kugira ngo asohoze imigambi ye.II 50.2

Kugira ngo abantu barangamire umunsi wo Ku cyumweru, uwo munsi wagizwe umunsi mukuru wo kwizihiza kuzuka kwa Kristo. Bawugiragaho gahunda z’amateraniro; nyamara bawufataga nk’umunsi w’ikiruhuko n’imyidagaduro ariko Isabato na yo bagakomeza kuyubahiriza nk’umunsi wera.II 50.3

Igihe Satani yiteguraga gusohoza umugambi yashakaga kuzageraho, yari yarakoresheje Abayahudi mbere yo kuza kwa Kristo maze baremereza Isabato bakoresheje amabwiriza akarishye cyane bituma kuyubahiriza bihindukira abantu umutwaro. Muri icyo gihe rero cya nyuma ya Kristo, ashingiye ku kuntu yari yaratumye uwo munsi ufatwa nabi, yatumye abantu bawusuzugura bakawufata nk’umunsi wishyiriweho n’Abayuda. Mu gihe muri rusange Abakristo bari bakomeje kubahiriza umunsi wo ku cyumweru (kuwa mbere) nk’umunsi mukuru, yabateye gufata Isabato bayigira umunsi wo kwiyiriza ubusa, w’umubabaro ndetse n’agahinda, babikoreye kwerekana urwango bangaga idini y’Abayuda.II 51.1

Mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya kane, umwami w’abami Constantine yashyizeho itegeko rivuga ko umunsi wo Kucyumweru ubaye umunsi mukuru ku bantu bose batuye aho ingoma y’Abanyaroma yategekaga. (Soma iryo tegeko ku mugereka). Uwo munsi w’izuba wubahirizwaga n’abayoboke be b’abapagani kandi ukanubahwa n’Abakristo. Bityo rero uwo mwami w’abami yari afite ingamba zo guhuriza hamwe izo mpande zari zihabanye z’ubupagani n’Ubukristo. Nyamara nubwo Abakristo benshi bubahaga Imana bagendaga buhoro buhoro bafata umunsi wo Kucyumweru nk’ufite urugero runaka rw’ubuziranenge, bari bacyubahiriza Isabato nyakuri bayifata nk’umunsi wera wa Nyagasani kandi bakawizihiza bumvira itegeko rya kane.II 51.2

Icyakora uwo mushukanyi ukomeye yari atarasohoza umurimo we. Yiyemeje gukorakoranya abakristo ngo abiyoborere akoreye mu cyegera cye, ari we mwepisikopi wikuzaga yiyita uhagarariye Kristo. Satani abinyujije mu bapagani bahindutse abakristo by’igice, abepisikopi bishakiraga ikuzo, ndetse n’abizera bo mu itorero bikundiraga ingeso z’isi, yabashije gusohoza umugambi we. Uko ibihe byashyiraga ibindi, hagiye habaho inama z’itorero zikomeye zabaga ziteraniyemo abayobozi bakuru b’itorero baturutse mu mpande zose z’isi. Muri izo nama hafi ya zose, bateshaga agaciro Isabato yashyizweho n’Imana maze bakarushaho kwerereza umunsi wo Kucyumweru (Dimanche). Nguko uko abantu bageze aho bubaha umunsi mukuru w’abapagani nk’aho ari umunsi washyizweho n’Imana mu gihe Isabato ivugwa muri Bibiliya yo bayitaga igisigisigi cy’idini y’Abayahudi, ndetse n’abayubahirizaga bakitwa ibivume.II 51.3

Bimaze kugera aho, umugome kabuhariwe yari yaramaze kwishyira hejuru «y’icyitwa imana cyose cyangwa gisengwa.” 2Abatesalonike 2:4. Yari yaratinyutse guhindura itegeko ryo mu mategeko y’Imana, ari ryo tegeko ryonyine muri yo ryereka abantu ryeruye Imana ihoraho. Itegeko rya kane rigaragaza ko Imana ari Umuremyi w’ijuru n’isi, bigatuma itandukanywa n’ibigirwamana byose. Icyatumye umunsi wa karindwi wezwa ukagirwa umunsi abantu bagomba kuruhukaho ni ukugira ngo ujye ubabera urwibutso rw’umurimo wo kurema. Uwo munsi wagenewe guhora wibutsa abantu ko Imana ihoraho ari yo bakesha kubaho kandi ko ari yo ikwiriye kubahwa no gusengwa. Satani yihatira koshya abantu ngo be kubaha Imana no kumvira amategeko yayo. Ni cyo gituma aharanira kurwanya by’umwihariko itegeko ryerekana ko Imana ari Umuremyi. II 52.1

Muri iki gihe Abaporotesitanti bavuga ko kuba Kristo yarazutse ku munsi wa mbere (Ku cyumweru) byatumye uwo munsi uba Isabato ya Gikristo. Nyamara ibyo nta gihamya gitangwa na Bibiliya babifitiye. Ntabwo Kristo ubwe cyangwa intumwa ze ari bo bahaye umunsi wo Kucyumweru icyo cyubahiro cyo kwitwa Isabato. Kubahiriza umunsi wo Kucyumweru nk’umunsi w’Isabato byazanywe n’ “amayoberane y’ubugome” yari yaratangiye gukora no mu gihe Pawulo yari akiriho. 2 Abatesalonike 2:7. Ni hehe kandi ryari Uwiteka yemeye iyo ngingo yashyizweho n’ubupapa? Ni iyihe mpamvu ifite ireme wabona yo gushyigikira iryo hinduka Bibiliya ubwayo itemera ko ryabayeho?II 52.2

Mu kinyejana cya gatandatu, ubutegetsi bw’abapapa bwari bwaramaze gukomera cyane. Icyicaro cyabwo cyabaga mu murwa mukuru w’ubwami bw’Abanyaroma, bityo abantu babwirwa ko Papa ari we muyobozi mukuru w’itorero. Ubwo ubupagani bwari bwaramaze gusimburwa n’ubupapa. Ikiyoka cyari cyarahaye inyamaswa « imbaraga zacyo n’intebe yacyo y’ubwami, n’ubutware bukomeye.” Ibyahishuwe 13:2. Ubwo hatangiye imyaka 1260 y’akarengane kakozwe n’ubupapa kari karavuzwe mu buhanuzi bwa Daniyeli n’ubwo mu Byahishuwe. (Daniyeli 7:25 ; Ibyahishuwe 13:5-7). Abakristo bagombaga guhitamo kureka ubutungane bwabo bakemera imihango n’uburyo bwo gusenga byashyizweho n’ubupapa, cyangwa bagahitamo kuzagwa muri gereza zabaga munsi y’ubutaka, gutwikishwa umuriro, gushikamirwa n’imbago babashikanura, cyangwa gucibwa ibihanga. Ni bwo hasohoye amagambo Yesu yavuze ngo «ariko muzagambanirwa n’ababyeyi banyu, ndetse n’abavandimwe na bene wanyu n’incuti zanyu; bazicisha bamwe muri mwe. Muzangwa na bose babahora izina ryanjye.» Luka 21:16,17. Abizera bahuye n’akarengane gakaze kuruta ako bari barigeze guhura na ko mbere, maze isi yose ihinduka isibaniro. Abagize Itorero rya Kristo bamaze imyaka amagana menshi bihisha. Ibyo ni byo umuhanuzi yavuze ati : «Uwo mugore ahungira mu butayu, aho afite ahantu yateguriwe n’Imana, kugira ngo bamugaburirireyo, kumara iminsi igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu » Ibyahishuwe 12:6.II 52.3

Kujya ku butegetsi kw’itorero ry’i Roma kwabaye intangiriro y’ibihe by’Umwijima. Uko ububasha bw’iryo torero bwiyongeraga, ni ko n’umwijima warushagaho kubudika. Abantu bateshejwe kwizera Kristo, we rufatiro nyakuri, basigara bizera Papa w’i Roma. Mu cyimbo cyo kwiringira Umwana w’Imana ngo abababarire ibyaha abahe n’agakiza k’iteka ryose, biringiraga Papa, n’abepisikopi ndetse n’abapadiri Papa yashyizeho ngo bamuhagararire. Bigishijwe ko Papa ari we muhuza wabo n’Imana uri ku isi kandi ko ntawari gushobora kwegera Imana atamunyuzeho, kandi na none ko Papa yari kumwe na bo ari mu cyimbo cy’Imana, bityo ibyo bikaba byaravugaga ko agomba kumvirwa. Kudakurikiza amategeko ya Papa byabaga ari impamvu yo gutuma ababikoze bahabwa igihano gikomeye kibabaza imibiri n’intekerezo byabo. Kubw’ibyo, abantu bateshejwe kurangamira Imana barangamira abantu bibeshya, bayoba kandi b’abagome, kandi si ibyo gusa ahubwo ikirenzeho barangamira Umutware w’umwijima wabakoreragamo. Icyaha cyiyoberanyije mu mwambaro w’ubutungane. II 53.1

Iyo Ibyanditswe Byera bikuweho maze umuntu akiyerekana ko ari we uri hejuru ya byose, icyo dusigara tubona gusa ni uburiganya, ibinyoma ndetse no guhenebera mu bibi. Uko kwimika amategeko n’imihango byashyizweho n’abantu byagaragaje kononekara kuzanwa no kwirengagiza amategeko y’Imana. II 53.2

Iyo minsi cyari igihe cy’akaga ku itorero rya Kristo. Nta gushidikanya, abantu bashikamye ku kuri batadohoka bari bakeya cyane. Nubwo ukuri kutigeze kubura abaguhamya, hari ibihe wasangaga ikinyoma n’imigenzo ya gipagani bisa n’ibigiye kukunesha byimazeyo, ndetse no gusenga Imana mu buryo nyakuri bigasa n’ibizageraho bigasibangana ku isi. Ubutumwa bwiza bwari bwaribagiranye, nyamara imihango y’idini yo yakomeje kwiyongera maze abantu basigara bavunwa n’ibintu bikomeye basabwa gukora. Ntabwo bigishijwe gusa gutega amakiriro kuri Papa bamufata nk’umuhuza wabo n’Imana, ahubwo bigishijwe no kwiringira ko ibikorwa byabo ari byo biba impongano y’ibyaha byabo. Gukora ingendo ndende bajya ahantu bitaga ahaziranenge, gukora ibikorwa byo kubabaza imibiri yabo bihora ibyaha bakoze, kuramya inzibutso z’abapfuye bitaga abaziranenge, kubaka insengero, kubaka inzibutso z’abo bitaga abaziranenge, kubaka aho gutambira ibitambo, gutanga amafaranga menshi mu itorero-- ibyo bikorwa byose ndetse n’ibindi bisa nk’ibyo ni byo abantu bahatirwaga gukora kugira ngo bahoshe umujinya w’Imana, cyangwa kugira ngo Imana ikunde ibagirire neza nk’aho Imana imeze nk’abantu, ikaba irakazwa n’ubusa, cyangwa igahoshwa n’amaturo umuntu ayituye n’imirimo akoze ababaza umubiri we kugira ngo yerekane ko ababajwe n’icyaha cye!II 53.3

Nubwo ubuhenebere bwarushagaho kwiyongera mu bantu bose, ndetse no mu bayobozi b’itorero ry’i Roma, imbaraga z’itorero zasaga n’iziyongera mu buryo butajegajega. Ahagana mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya munani, abagatolika b’i Roma bavuze ko no mu myaka ibanza y’itorero abepisikopi b’i Roma bahoranye ububasha bwo mu by’umwuka nk’ubwo na bo bari bafite. Kugira ngo bashimangire icyo kinyoma kibe ihame, bagombaga kugira uburyo bakoresha kugira ngo gise n’igifite imbaraga, kandi se w’ibinyoma ni we wabubigishije. Abapadiri bahimbye inyandiko bazita iza kera. Bashyize ahagaragara amategeko abantu batari barigeze babwirwa yashyizweho n’inama z’itorero, yavugaga ko uhereye kera kose papa afite ububasha bwo kuyobora itorero ku isi yose. Ubwo itorero ryari ryaranze ukuri ryasamiye hejuru ibyo binyoma.II 54.1

Abizera bake b’indahemuka bari barubatse ku rufatiro nyakuri (1Abakorinto 3:10, 11) bari bababaye kandi babangamiwe ubwo amanjwe y’inyigisho z’ibinyoma yakomaga umurimo w’Imana mu nkokora. Bamwe muri bo bari biteguye kuvuga nk’abubatse inkuta za Yerusalemu mu gihe cya Nehemiya, bati: “ Abikorezi bacitse intege, kandi hariho ibishingwe byinshi. Nuko ntitukibashije kubaka inkike.” Nehemiya 4:10. Kubera kuzahazwa no guhora bahanganye n’akarengane, guhora barwanya uburiganya n’icyaha ndetse no guhora barwanya ibindi bisitaza Satani yashoboraga kubashyira imbere ngo arogoye urugendo rwabo, bamwe mu bari barabaye abubatsi b’indahemuka bageze ubwo bacogora; maze kubwo gushaka umutekano n’ubusugire bw’imitungo yabo n’ubuzima bwabo, bava ku rufatiro nyakuri bari barubatseho. Ariko abandi batigeze bahungabanywa n’ibitero by’abanzi babo, bavuze bashize amanga bati: «Ntimubatinye; mwibuke Uwiteka, Umwami ukomeye uteye ubwoba» (Nehemiya 4:14); maze bakomeza umurimo wabo, buri wese acigatiye inkota ye. Abefeso 6:17.II 54.2

Uwo mutima wo kwanga no kurwanya ukuri wakomeje kugaragara mu banzi b’Imana babayeho mu bihe byose byagiye bikurikirana, kandi na none umutima wo kuba maso n’ubudahemuka ni wo abagaragu bayo bagiye basabwa kugira. Amagambo Kristo yabwiye abigishwa be ba mbere azanagumya kubwirwa abayoboke be bose kugeza ku mperuka y’ibihe :« Icyo mbabwiye, ndakibwira bose nti ‘Mube maso’.” Mariko 13:37.II 54.3

Umwijima wasaga n’urushaho kubudika. Gusenga igishushanyo byarushijeho gukwira mu bantu bose. Bacanaga amatara imbere y’ibishushanyo kandi bakabisenga. Imigenzo idasobanutse ndetse n’ubupfumu byakomeje kwiyongera. Ibitekerezo by’abantu byose byayoborwaga n’imyumvire n’imigenzo bipfuye ku buryo gutekereza bashyize mu gaciro byasaga n’ibyaganjwe. Niba abapadiri n’abepisikopi ubwabo bari abantu bikundira ibinezeza, bategekwa n’irari kandi barangiritse mu bijyanye n’imico mbonera; ikintu kimwe umuntu yari kwitega ku bantu babareberagaho ni ugusaya mu bujiji no mu bukozi bw’ibibi.II 55.1

Hari indi ntambwe yatewe mu kwikuza k’ubupapa ubwo mu kinyejana cya cumi na kimwe, Papa Geregori wa VII yatangazaga ko Itorero ry’i Roma ari iriziranenge. Kimwe mu byo yarivugagaho ni uko, ukurikije icyo Ibyanditswe Byera bivuga, iryo torero ritigeze riyoba kandi ko ridashobora kuzigera riyoba. Nyamara ntabwo ibihamya byo mu Byanditswe Byera byigeze bijyana n’ibyo uwo mupapa yavugaga. Uwo mupapa wishyiraga hejuru yanavugaga ko afite ububasha bwo kuvana abami b’abami ku ngoma kandi avuga ko nta teka aciye rishobora kugira uwarihindura, ko ahubwo we yari afite uburenganzira bwo guhindura ibyemezo byafashwe n’abandi bantu.II 55.2

Urugero rutangaje rwerekana imico y’ubunyagitugu bw’uwo mupapa wahamyaga ko abapapa badashobora kwibeshya rwagaragariye mu byo yakoreye umwami w’abami w’Ubudage, Henry wa IV. Kubera guhangara gusuzugura ubutegetsi bwa Papa, uwo mwami w’abami yabwiwe ko aciwe mu itorero kandi ko anyazwe ingoma. Henry amaze guterwa ubwoba nuko ibikomangoma bye bimuvuyeho kandi bimurwanyije, muri uko kumwigomekaho ibyo bikomangoma bikaba byari bishyigikiwe n’itegeko byahawe na Papa, yabonye ko akwiriye kwiyunga na Roma. Ubwo yafashe urugendo aherekejwe n’umugore we ndetse n’umugaragu we wamwumviraga anyura mu misozi miremire ya Alps mu gihe cy’ubukonje bwinshi cyane kugira ngo yereke papa ko yicishije bugufi imbere ye. Ageze ku ngoro Papa Geregori yari yagiye kuruhukiramo, bamujyanye mu gikari atari kumwe n’abaje bamuherekeje, maze muri ubwo bukonje bwinshi cyane nta kintu yifubitse mu mutwe no ku birenge ndetse yambaye imyenda isuzuguritse cyane, aba ari ho ategerereza ko papa amuha uburenganzira bwo kumusanga aho ari. Amaze iminsi itatu atarya kandi yatura icyaha cye ni bwo Papa yemeye kumubabarira. Kandi ubwo na bwo yagombaga gutegereza igihano azagenerwa na papa, akabona kongera kwambara ikamba ry’ubwami no gusubira ku nshingano z’ubwami. Papa Geregori, mu kwishima no kwiyemera kubera icyo gikorwa, yirase avuga ko afite inshingano yo gupfobya ubwirasi bw’abami.II 56.1

Mbega itandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati y’ubwirasi bukabije bw’uwo mupapa no kwicisha bugufi ndetse n’ubugwaneza biranga Kristo, we ubwe wavuze ahagaze inyuma y’umutima w’umuntu amwinginga ngo amukingurire kugira ngo amuhe amahoro kandi amubabarire ibyaha, kandi akaba ari we wigishije abigishwa be ati:II 56.2

«Kandi ushaka kuba uw’imbere muri mwe agomba kuba umugaragu wanyu.» Matayo 20:27.[Bibiliya Ijambo ry’Imana]II 56.3

Ibinyejana byinshi byahitaga byaranzwe no gukomeza kwiyongera kw’ibinyoma byagaragaraga mu nyigisho zigishwaga na Roma. Na mbere yuko ubupapa bubaho, inyigisho z’imyumvire ya gipagani zari zaratwaye ibitekerezo by’abagize itorero kandi zaranabagizeho ingaruka. Abantu benshi bavugaga ko bihannye babaga bagitsimbaraye ku myemerere y’inyigisho zabo za gipagani, kandi ntabwo bakomezaga kuziga ubwabo gusa ahubwo banazihatiraga abandi bavuga ko ari bwo buryo bwo kurushaho kugira ubwiganze mu bapagani.II 56.4

Nguko uko amakosa akomeye yivanze mu myizerere ya gikristo. Rimwe muri ayo makosa ni ukwemera ko ubugingo bw’umuntu budapfa kandi ko umuntu wapfuye akomeza kugira ibyo amenya. Iyo nyigisho ni yo ubutegetsi bw’i Roma bwafatiyeho bushyiraho gusenga abatagatifu no kwambaza Mariya. Aho kandi ni ho haturutse ubuyobe buvuga ko ku iherezo abatarihannye bazahora bababazwa, ubwo buyobe bukaba bwarahise bwinjizwa mu myizerere y’ubupapa.II 57.1

Ubwo ni bwo inzira yaharuriwe kwinjiza mu itorero ikindi gihimbano cya gipagani, ari cyo itorero ry’i Roma ryise purigatori, kandi rigikoresha ritera ubwoba imbaga y’abantu bizeraga Imana batayisobanukiwe neza ndetse n’abari mu mihango ya gipagani. Iyo nyigisho y’ubuyobe yashimangiraga ko hariho ahantu ho kubabarizwa, akaba ari ho abantu bigaragara ko badakwiye kurimburwa by’iteka ryose baherwa igihano cy’ibyaha byabo, maze bamara kubihumanurwaho bakabona kwemererwa kujya mu ijuru. ^{20Catholic Belief,}II 57.2

Itorero ry’i Roma ryari rikeneye guhimba ikindi kinyoma ryakwifashisha kugira ngo rigire inyungu rikura mu bwoba n’ingeso mbi by’abayoboke baryo. Icyo ryakigezeho rigishobojwe n’inyigisho yo kugura imbabazi z’ibyaha. Abantu bose biyemezaga kurwanira papa mu ntambara yarwanaga ashaka kwagura ubutware bwe, ashaka guhana abanzi be cyangwa ashaka gutsembatsemba abatinyukaga guhakana ko ari umuyobozi w’itorero w’ikirenga. Abo bantu basezeranirwaga kubabarirwa ibyaha bakoze kera, ibyo bakoraga mu gihe barimo n’ibyo bari kuzakora mu bihe bizaza, ndetse no gukurirwaho imibabaro n’ibihano byari kubageraho kubera ibyo byaha. Abantu kandi bigishijwe ko guha itorero amafaranga byatuma bashobora gukizwa ibyaha ndetse bagashobora no gukiza ababo bapfuye babaga bababarizwa mu muriro. Nguko uko abategetsi b’i Roma bigwijeho ubutunzi, kandi bashimangira kwishyira hejuru, kwirimbisha ndetse n’ubukozi bw’ibibi byakorwaga n’abiyitaga abahagarariye Umukiza utarigeze agira aho kurambika umusaya.II 57.3

Itegeko ryo muri Byanditswe ryerekeye umuhango w’ifunguro ryera bari bararisimbuje umuhango ujyanye no gutamba igitambo cya misa mu buryo bwo kuramya ibigirwamana. Abapadiri bakoreraga ubupapa bihamyaga ko bakoresheje imihango yabo idafite icyo ivuze bahindura umugati na divayi bisanzwe bikaba “umubiri n’amaraso nyakuri bya Kristo.” ^{21Cardinal Wiseman}II 58.1

Mu kwigerezaho kuzuyemo gusuzugura Imana, bavugiraga mu ruhame ko bafite ubushobozi bwo kurema Imana, ari yo Muremyi wa byose. Abakristo bategetswe guhamya ko bizeye ubwo buyobe buteye ubwoba kandi butuka Imana, bitaba ibyo bakicwa. Abantu benshi cyane banze kubyemera baratwitswe.II 58.2

Mu kinyejana cya cumi na gatatu hashyizweho ikintu giteye ubwoba kurusha ibindi bibi byose byashyizweho n’ubupapa. Icyo kintu cyabaye urukiko rwo gucukumbura no guhana bafataga ko bari mu buyobe. Umutware w’umwijima yakoranaga n’abayobozi b’inzego zose z’abapapa. Mu nama bajyaga bihishe, Satani n’abamarayika be ni bo babaga bayoboye intekerezo z’abo banyabibi, mu gihe hagati yabo habaga hahagaze umumarayika w’Imana utaragaragariraga amaso wabaga akora raporo iteye ubwoba y’amategeko y’ubukozi bw’ibibi bashyiragaho kandi akandika igitekerezo cy’ibikorwa bibi cyane bakoraga ku buryo bitahingutswa imbere y’amaso y’abantu. “Babuloni ikomeye ” yari “yarasinze amaraso y’intore z’Imana.” Abantu miliyoni nyinshi batotezwaga bahorwa kwizera Imana kwabo batakiraga Imana ngo ibahorere kuri ubwo butegetsi bwayimuye.II 58.3

Ubupapa bwari bwarabaye umutware w’abari ku isi utegekesha igitugu. Abami n’abami b’abami bumviraga amategeko ashyizweho n’umupapa w’i Roma. Imibereho y’abantu, yaba iy’icyo gihe cyangwa iy’iteka ryose, yasaga naho iri mu maboko ye. Mu binyejana byinshi, inyigisho z’i Roma zari zaremewe mu bantu benshi kandi mu buryo butaziguye, imihango yayo yakoranwaga icyubahiro, ndetse n’iminsi mikuru yayo ikubahirizwa n’abantu bose muri rusange. Abapadiri n’abepisikopi barubahwaga kandi bagashyigikirwa mu buryo busesuye. Nta gihe cy’icyubahiro, ikuzo n’ububasha birenze ibyo cyigeze kibaho ku Itorero ry’i Roma.II 59.1

Nyamara “amanywa y’ihangu ubupapa byari bugezemo yari ijoro ry’icuraburindi ku batuye isi.” ^{22-J.A Wylie,} - Ibyanditswe Byera byasaga rwose n’ibitazwi atari muri rubanda gusa, ahubwo no mu bapadiri. Kimwe n’Abafarisayo bo mu gihe cya kera, abategetsi b’abapapa bangaga umucyo washyira ahagaragara ibyaha byabo. Bamaze gukuraho amategeko y’Imana, yo remezo ryo ry’ubutungane, bakoresheje ububasha bwabo nta garuriro bafite kandi bakora ibibi batagira ikibatangira. Ubujura, inyota yo kugira ubutunzi ndetse no kwishyira ukizana mu gukora ibibi byari byiganje ahantu hose. Ntabwo abantu batinyaga kugira ikibi icyo ari cyo cyose bakora cyabahesha ubutunzi n’umwanya w’icyubahiro. Ingoro z’abapapa n’abepisikopi zakorerwagamo ubusambanyi bw’indengakamere. Bamwe mu bepisikopi bayoboraga itorero bashinjwaga gukora amahano akomeye cyane ku buryo abategetsi batari abanyedini bihatiye kubakura kuri iyo myanya yabo y’icyubahiro bavuga ko ari abagome cyane barenze kwihanganirwa. Hashize ibinyejana byinshi Uburayi budatera imbere mu by’ubumenyi, ubugeni ndetse n’umuco n’ikoranabuhanga. Ubukristo bwari bwaragezweho no kugwa ikinya mu by’ubwenge n’imico mbonera.II 59.2

Mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Abanyaroma, imibereho y’abatuye isi yerekanaga mu buryo butangaje kandi buteye ubwoba gusohora kw’ibyo umuhanuzi Hoseya yahanuye ngo: « Ubwoko bwanjye burimbuwe buzize kutagira ubwenge: ubwo uretse ubwenge, nanjye nzakureka,... ubwo wibagiwe amategeko y’Imana yawe, nanjye nzibagirwa abana bawe.” “Uwiteka afitanye imanza na bene igihugu, kuko kitarimo ukuri, cyangwa kugira neza, haba no kumenya Imana. Nta kindi gihari keretse kurahira bakica isezerano, no kwica no kwiba, no gusambana, bagira urugomo, kandi amaraso agasimbura andi maraso.” Hoseya 4:6,1,2. Izo ni zo zabaye ingaruka zo kwimura Ijambo ry’Imana.II 59.3