9—Umhlaziyi Waseswitzerland

Ekukhetheni izixhobo zokuhlaziya ibandla, labonakala icebo lezulu lifana nelo lasetyenziswa ekutyaleni ibandla. ITitshala yaseZulwini yadlula amadoda amakhulu omhlaba, anamagama nazizityebi, awayeqhelene nokudunyiswa nokunikwa imbeko njengeenkokeli zabantu. Ayenekratshi ekwazithembile ngokuba phezulu ekuqhayiswa ngako kangangokuba ayengenako ukulinganiswa njengabantu abanovelwano nabanye abantu nokuba abe ngabasebenzi kunye neNdoda ethobekileyo yaseNazarete. Kwabangafundanga, abalobi abasebenza nzima baseGalili, kwenziwa ubizo: “[Yizani]nindilandele; ndonenza abalobi babantu.” Mateyu 4:19. Aba bafundi babethobekile befundiseka. Okona bafumana impembelelo yemfundiso yobuxoki bexesha labo, okona wabanako uKristu ukubafundisa nokubaqeqeshela umsebenzi waKhe. Kwakunjalo nangemihla yoHlaziyo oluKhulu. AbaHlaziyi ababehamba phambili babe ngamadoda asuka kubomi obuthobekileyo—amadoda awayekhululeke kakhulu nakuwaphi angamanye exesha lawo, kwikratshi lenqanaba nakwimpembelelo yeenkani nobupristi. Licebo likaThixo ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezithobekileyo ukuze kubekho iziphumo ezikhulu. Luthi ke uzuko lunganikwa abantu koko kuLowo usebenza ngabo ukuthanda nokwenza ngokokuthanda kwaKhe.IE18 155.1

Kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa kukaLutere kwindlwana yomsebenzi wasemgodini eSaxony, u-Ulric Zwingli wazalwa kwixhobongo lomalusi phakathi kweentaba iAlps. Apho wayehlala khona uZwingli ebuntwaneni bakhe, nokuqeqeshwa kwakhe eselula, kwakuluhlobo lokumlungiselela umsebenzi wakhe wexesha elizayo. Ekhulela phakathi kwemibono yobuhle bendalo, ubuhle, nocwangco oloyikisayo, ingqondo yakhe yatsalwa kwasebutsheni bakhe bubukhulu, amandla, nobungangamsha bukaThixo. Imbali yezenzo zobugorha ezazisenzeka kwiintaba zelakubo zaphemba kuye iimpembelelo zobutsha. Wayesithi xa ehleli ecaleni kukaninakhulu owoyika uThixo, aphulaphule amabali ambalwa anexabiso eBhayibhile uninakhulu awayewafumene phakathi kweentsomi nezithethe zebandla. Ngomdla onenzondelelo, weva ngezenzo ezikhulu zamanyange nabaprofeti, zabelusi ababejonge imihlambi yabo ezindulini zasePalestina apho iingelosi zazithetha nabo, ngoSana lwaseBhetelehem neNdoda yaseKalvari. IE18 155.2

NjengoJohn Lutere, uyise kaZwingli wamnqwenelela imfundo unyana wakhe, yaza intwana yasuswa iselula kwintili yakowayo. Ingqondo yakhe yakhawuleza ukukhula, kwaza kwakhawuleza ukufuna ukuqonda apho inokufumaneka khona ititshala enokufanela ukumfundisa. Wathi eneminyaka elishumi elinesithathu waya eBern, ngelo xesha eyayinesikolo esibalaseleyo eSwitzerland. Apha, sekunjalo, kwabakho ingozi eyathembisa ukugqwalisa isithembiso sobomi bakhe. Amalinge azimiseleyo enziwa ngabafundisi ukumloba ukuba angene kwizindlu zabo. Iimonks zamahlelo iDominican neFranciscan zazilwela ukuthandwa ngabantu jikelele. Oku zakwazi ukukwenza ngokuhombisa kakhulu iinkonzo zazo, ubuyokoyoko bezikhumbuzo zabo, nomtsalane weentsalela zemifanekiso eqingqiweyo eyenza imimangaliso. IE18 156.1

IHlelo leDominicans laseBern labona ukuthi, ukuba lingazuza le ndodana isisifundiswa esineetalente, lingaba lizuze izinto ezimbini, ingeniso nodumo. Ubutsha bakhe obupheleleyo, isakhono sakhe semvelo sokuthetha nokubhala, nobuchule bakhe ekuculeni nasekubongeni, kwakuya kuba negalelo elikhulu kunabo bonke ubuyokoyoko nobuhle, ekutsaleni abantu ukuba beze kwiinkonzo zabo ukuze kukhule ingeniso kwihlelo labo. Ngenkohliso nobuqhetseba, bazama ukumloba uZwingli ukuba angene kwiindawo yabo yeemonks. ULutere, ngexesha wayengumfundi esikolweni, wazingcwaba kwisisele sale ndlu yeemonk, kwaye ngelalahlekelwa nguye ihlabathi ukuba ukubonelela kukaThixokwakungazanga kwamkhulula.UZwingli akazangeavunyelweukuba Ahlangane nengozi enjalo. Ngokubonelela kukaThixo, uyise wafumana ulwazi ngamacebo abafundisi. Wayengenayo injongo yokuvumela unyana wakhe ukuba alandele ubomi bokungenzi nto nobungenaxabiso obuphilwa ziimonk. Wakubona ukuba lulutho kwekamva lakhe kusemngciphekweni, waza wamyalela ukuba abuyele ekhaya ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.IE18 156.2

Umyalelo wathotyelwa; kodwa umfana akazange aneliswe ixesha elide kukuhlala kwintili yakubo, waza wakhawuleza waqala ukuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe, wathi emva kwexesha elithile waya kuhlala eBasel. Kulapha apho uZwingli waqala ukuva ngegospile yobabalo lukaThixo olungahlawulelwayo. UWittembach, ititshala eyayihlohla iilwimi zakudala, eyathi ngexesha ifunda isiGrike nesiHebhere, yakhokelelwa kwiziBhalo eziNgcwele, ngaloo ndlela imitha yokukhanya kwezulu kwathululwa ezingqondweni zabafundi abafundisayo. Waya wavakalisa ukuba kukho inyaniso endala kakhulu, nexabiso elikhulu ngokungenako ukulinganiswa, kuneemfundiso ezifundiswa ngamadoda afundileyo neenzululwazi. Le nyaniso yakudala yayithetha ngokuba ukufa kukaKristu kuyintlawulelo yomoni. KuZwingli, la mazwi ayefana nomtha wokuqala owandulela umsobomvu. IE18 156.3

UZwingli wakhawuleza wabizwa ukuba asuke eBasel ayokuqala umsebenzi wobomi bakhe. Indawo yokuqala awaba ngumfundisi kuyo kwakuseAlpine, engekude kakhulu kwintili yakhe yokuzalwa. Wathi akuba ebekwe izandla njengompristi, “wazinikela ngomphefumlo wakhe wonke ekuphengululeni inyaniso yezulu; kuba wayeqonda kakuhle ukuba kufuneka azi kangakanani ngalowo umhlambi kaKristu unikelwe ezandleni zakhe,” ngokutsho komnye umHlaziyi owayenaye.”--Wylie, b. 8, ch. 5. Okona wayeziphengulula ngakumbi iziBhalo, okona kwacaca ngakumbi umahluko phakathi kweenyaniso zazo nolahlekiso lwaseRoma. Wazinikela eBhayibhileni elilizwi likaThixo, ekuphela kwayo umgaqo owaneleyo nongenako ukuphazama. Waya wabona ukuba ifanele ukuba ngumchazi wayo ngokwayo. Akazange azame ukusicacisa isiBhalo ukuxhasa imbono okanye imfundiso esele ikho ngaphambili, kodwa wakubona kuluxanduva lwakhe ukufunda oko kuyeyona mfundiso yayo ingqalileyo necacileyo. Wazama ukuba azaneke kulo lonke uncedo ukuze azuze ukuqonda okupheleleyo nokulungileyo kwento eyithethayo, waza wafuna uncedo lukaMoya Oyingcwele, awathi, uya kuyityhila kubo bonke abayifuna ngokunyaniseka nangomthandazo.IE18 157.1

“IziBhalo,” wathi uZwingli, “zivela kuThixo, aziveli mntwini, kwakunye nokuba uThixo okhanyiselayo uya kumnika ukuqonda ukuba intetho ivela kuThixo. Ilizwi likaThixo . . . alisokuze lisilele; liyakhanya, liyazifundisa, liyazityhila, likhanyisela umphefumlo ngalo lonke usindiso nobabalo, luwenza wonwabe kuThixo, luwenze uthobeke, ukuze uzilahle ude uzincame wona ngokwawo, wamkele uThixo.” Inyaniso yala mazwi uZwingli wayeyixhamle yena ngokwakhe. Ethetha ngamava wakhe eli xesha, waya wabhala kamva, wathi: “Ngexesha . . . ndandiqala ukuzinikela ngokupheleleyo kwiziBhalo Ezingcwele, ubunkcuba-buchopho, nezifundo ngoThixo (ngokwemfundo) kwakusoloko kuqhwaya ingxabano kum. Ekugqibeleni ndafikelela koku, ndacinga, ‘Kufuneka uyeke bonkeoba buxoki, ufunde okuthethwa nguThixo kuphela kwilizwi laKhe elilula.’ Emva koko ndaqala ukucela kuThixo ukukhanya kwaKhe, zaza iziBhalo zaqala ukuba lula kakhulu kum.”-- Wylie, b. 8, ch. 6.IE18 157.2

Imfundiso eyayishunyayelwa nguZwingli yayingafunyanwanga kuLutere. Yayiyimfundiso kaKristu. “Ukuba uLutere ushumayela uKristu,’ wathi umHlaziyi womSwiss, “wenza oko ndikwenzayo. Abo abazise kuKristu baninzi kakhulu kunabo mna ndibakhokeleyo. Ayinamsebenzi loo nto. Akukho gama limbi ndiza kulithwala kunelo likaKristu, endilijoni laKhe mna, nokuphela kwaKhe oyiNkosi yam. Akukho nelilodwa igama endakha ndalibhalela uLutere, nelakha labhalelwa mna nguLutere. Ngokuba kutheni? . . . Ukuze kubonakale indlela enye uMoya kaThixo asebenza ngayo, kususela ukuba sobabini, singakhange sihlangane, sifundisa imfundiso kaKristu ngendlela efana twatse.”--D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 9.IE18 158.1

Ngowe-1516 uZwingli wamenywa ukuba ashumayele kwikhaya loonongendi e-Einsiedeln. Apha wayeza kujongana kufuphi nenkohlakalo yeRoma kwaye wayeza kuba nempembelelo njengomHlaziyi eyayiza kuviwa ngaphaya kwelakubo leAlps. Phakathi kwezinto ezinomtsalane e-Einsiedeln kwakukho umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaMariya [Ongcwele] ekwakuthiwa unamandla okusebenza imimangaliso. Ngaphezu kwesango lelikhaya kwakukhoumbhalo, othi:“Apha,igunya elipheleleyo lokuxolelwa kwezono linako ukufumaneka.”--D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 5. Abahambi ngamaxesha onke omnyaka babesiza kule ndawo ingcwele kaMariya [Ongcwele]; kodwa kumnyhadala omkhulu waminyaka le wokunikelwa kwawo ngokungcwaliswa, izihlwele zaziphuma kuzo zonke iindawo zaseSwitzerland, eFrance naseJamani. UZwingli, ethuthunjiswa kakhulu ngulo mbono, walisebenzisa eli thuba ukuvakalisa inkululeko ngegospile kwabo basemakhamandeleni eenkolo.IE18 158.2

“Musani ukucinga ukuba uThixo ukule tempile ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi enye indawo yendalo,” watsho. “Nokuba leliphi ilizwe enimi kulo, uThixo uningqingile, eniva. . . . Inganako na imisebenzi engenanzuzo, iihambo zenkolo ezinde, iminikelo, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo, ukuthandaza kuMariya Ongcwele okanye kwiingcwele, ukunizuzela ubabalo lukaThixo? Yenza ntoni intlaninge yamazwi esizalisa ngawo imithandazo yethu? Kusebenza ntoni ukuthwala umnqwazi omenyezelayo, ukuba nentloko echetywe inkqayi ebengezelayo, ukwambatha ingubo ende engumrhutyululu, okanye ukunxiba iimbadada ezirhaselwe ngegolide? UThixo ukhangela intliziyo, zaye iintliziyo zethu zikude kuYe.” “UKristu,” wathi, “owanikelwa kwaba kanye emnqamlezweni, ungumbingelelo nexhoba, elenziwa laba kukwaneliswa kwezono zamakholwa kunaphakade wonke.”-- D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 5.IE18 158.3

Kwabaninzi ababephulaphule, ezi mfundiso zazingamkelekanga. Kwaba kukudaniswa okukhulu kubo ukuxelelwa ukuba uhambo lwabo olunzima lwenziwa ngelize. Uxolelo abalunikwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo ngoKristu, yinto ababengakwazi ukuyiqonda. Babanelisiwe yindlela endala eya ezulwini abayizotyelwa yiRoma. Boyika ukudidwa kukuphengulula nayiphi enye into engcono. Kwakulula ukuthembela ekuluphoseni usindiso lwabo kubapristi nakuPopi, kunokufuna ubunyulu bentliziyo.IE18 159.1

Olunye udidi lwazamkela ngovuyo iindaba zokuhlangulwa ngoKristu. Izinto ezazihlonyelwe yiRoma zasilela ukuzisa uxolo lomphefumlo, baza bathi, ngokholo, balamkela igazi loMsindisi njengocamagushelo lwabo. Aba babuyela kumakhaya abo ukuya kutyhilela abanye ukukhanya okunexabiso abakufumeneyo. Ngaloo ndlela inyaniso yaba ithwalwa isuka kwisixekwana iye kwesinye, ukusuka kwidolophu iye kwenye, laza inani labahambi abaya kwindawo yonqulo lukaMariya Ongcwele lehla kakhulu. Kwabakho ukulahleka kweminikelo, ngenxa yoko wehla nomvuzo kaZwingli, owawukhutshwa kuyo. Noko kunjalo, oko kwamzisela uvuyo xa wayebona ukuba amandla obushushu ngenkolo engeyiyo kwanokuba neenkolo ayesaphulwa.IE18 159.2

Amagunya ebandla ayengasithelwanga ngumsebenzi owawusenziwa nguZwingli; kodwa ngokweli xesha akunyamezela ukungangeneleli. Ethembe ukuba obuye amzuze ukuba awasebenzele, azama ukumzuza ngokukhohlisa; yaba yona inyaniso ifumana indawo yokubambelela ezintliziyweni zabantu.IE18 159.3

Ukusebenza kukaZwingli e-Einsiedeln kwamlungiselela umhlaba obanzi, awayeza kungena kuwo kungekudala. Emva kweminyaka emithathu, apha wabizelwa umsebenzi wokushumayela kwindlu yenkonzo yaseZurich. Le yayiyeyona dolophu ibalulekileyo kumanyano lwaseSwitzerland, yaza impembelelo elapha yavakala nakude. Abafundisi aweza ngokumenywa ngabo eZurich, bona babenqwenela ukuthintela nayiphi into entsha, baza ngenxa yoko baqhubeka nokumyalela ngemisebenzi engumthwalo wakhe.IE18 159.4

“Uya kwenza konke okusemandleni akho,” batsho, “ukuqokelela iingeniso zale ndawo, ungazishiyi nezona zincinane. Uya kubakhuthaza abathembekileyo usepulpitini, nakwisihlalo sokuvunywa kwezono, ukuba bazihlawule zonke izishumi neemali ezifunekayo, nokuba babonise ngeminikelo yabo ukulithanda kwabo ibandla. Uya kwenza ngokukhuthala ukuyinyusa ingeniso evela kwabagulayo, kwizihlwele, nakuko konke okuphuma ngokommiselo webandla.” “Kona ukuqhutywa kweenkonzo zemithendeleko, ukushumayela nokukhathalela umhlambi,” bongeza abamyalelayo, “leyo yimisebenzi yesekela lomfundisi. Ngenxa yoko, ungasebenzisa isekela ukuba kwenziwe le imisebenzi, ngakumbi ukushumayela. Kufuneka utyise imithendeleko kuphela kubantu ababalulekileyo, nalapho kuphela xa uceliwe; uyalelwa ukuba ukwenze oko ngaphandle kokuba ubahlule ubahloniphe abantu.”-- D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 6.IE18 159.5

UZwingli wawuphulaphula ethe cwaka lo myalelo, wathi ukuphendula, emva kokuba evakalise umbulelo kwakhe ngembeko yokubizelwa kule ndawo ibalulekileyo, waqhubeka wachaza ikhondo awayeceba ukulilandela. “Ubomi bukaKristu,” wathi, “buye bafihlwa ixesha elide kakhulu ebantwini. Ndiya kuyishumayela yonke iVangeli kaMateyu, . . . ndithabathe kuphela kwimithombo yesiBhalo, ndivakalise iinzulu zaso, ndithelekise indawo nenye, ndikufune ukuqonda ngokuzingisa nokunyaniseka ekuthandazeni. Into endiza kukunikela kuyo ukulungiselela kwam kusekuzukiseni uThixo, ekudumiseni uNyana waKhe ekuphela kwaKhe, kusindiso oluyinyaniso lwemiphefumlo, nasekuyikhuliseni kukholo lwenene.”-- D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 6. Nangona abanye babafundisi bengazange balivume icebo lakhe, baza bazama ukumsusa kulo, uZwingli wema waqina. Wakuvakalisa ukuba wayengazi kuqala indlelaentsha, kodwa indlela endala eyayisetyenziswa libandla ngamaxesha asekuqaleni nanyulu [kakhulu]. IE18 160.1

Phofu, umdla wawusele uvuselelwe kwiinyaniso awayezifundisa; baza abantu beza beyinkungu nelanga ukuza kuphulaphula ukushumayela kwakhe. Abaninzi abakuyeka kudala ukuza enkonzweni baba phakathi kwabo babe mphulaphule. Wawuqala umsebenzi wakhe ngokuvula kwiiVangeli, efunda ecacisa kwabo babemphulaphule ibali eliphefumlelweyo lobomi, iimfundiso nokufa kukaKristu. Apha, njengase-Einsiedeln, walibeka ilizwi likaThixo njengegunya elikuphela kwalo elingenamposiso, kwakunye nokufa kukaKristu njengombingelelo ekuphela kwawo opheleleyo. “KukuKristu,” watsho, “apho ndinqwenela ukunikhokelela khona—kuKristu, ithende eliyinyaniso losindiso.”-- D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 6. Umshumayeli wayejikelezwe yimfumba yabantu bazo zonke iindidi, kususela kubaphathi bezwe nezifundiswa, ukuya kumagcisa nakubahlali basemaphandleni. Bonke bawaphulaphula ngomdla omkhulu amazwi akhe. Akazange avakalise nje kuphela isipho sosindiso lwesisa, kodwa, ngokungoyiki, wabukhalimela ububi neenkohlakalo zaloo maxesha. Abaninzi babuya kwikhathedrale bemdumisa uThixo. “Le ndoda,” batsho, “ingumshumayeli wenyaniso. Iza kuba nguMoses wethu, ukuba isikhokele siphume kobu bumnyama beYiputa.”-- D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 6.IE18 160.2

Phofu, nangona ekuqaleni imisebenzi yakhe yamkelwa ngolangazelelo olukhulu, emva kwexesha yavuka inkcaso. Iimonk zazimisela ukuwuphazamisaumsebenzi wakhe nokuzigxekaiimfundisozakhe. Abaninzi bamhlasela ngezigculelo nokumsinekela; abanye babhenela ekumgezeleni nasekumsongeleni [ngokubi]. UZwingili wakunyamezela konke ngomonde, esithi: “Ukuba singa singabazuzela kuYesu abakhohlakeleyo, kufuneka siwavale amehlo ethu ngakwizinto ezininzi.” -- D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 6. IE18 161.1

Ngethuba leli xesha, kwafika esinye isenzeleli esize kuhambisela phambili umsebenzi wohlaziyo. ULucian othile wathunyelwa eZurich enezinye zeencwadi zikaLutere. Wayethunyelwa ngumhlobo wenkolo yohlaziyo eseBasel, nowacebisa ngelithi, ukuthengiswa kwezi ncwadi kungayindlela enamandla yokusasazwa kokukhanya. “Qinisekisa,” ebhalela uZwingli, “ukuba le ndoda inabo ubulumko nobuchule obaneleyo; ukuba kunjalo, mayise kwisixeko nesixeko, kwidolophu nedolophu, kwilali nelali, nakwindlu nendlu, phakathi kwamaSwiss, imisebenzi kaLutere, ngokukodwa ingcaciso yakhe yoMthandazo weNkosi obhalelwe abazalwana. Okona isaziwa kakhulu [imisebenzi kaLutere], okona baya kuba baninzi abayithengayo.”-- D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 6. Ngaloo ndlela, ukukhanya kwaba kuyangena.IE18 161.2

Ngexesha uThixo elungiselela ukuqhawula imixokelelwane yokungazi neenkolelo, lixesha elo kanye uSathana asebenza ngamandla amakhulu ukugqubuthela ngobumnyama nokuqamangela ngamatyathanga ngokuqine ngakumbi. Ngexesha abantu bephakama kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo ukuba babeke ebantwini uxolelo nokugwetyelwa ngegazi likaKristu, iRoma yayiqhubeka nokuhlaziya amandla okuvula imalike yayo kuyo yonke indawo yobuKristu, inika ukuxolelwa ngemali.IE18 161.3

Isono ngasinye sasinexabiso laso, baye abantu benikwe imvume yokuba bawaphule ngokukhululekileyo umthetho, ukuba nje uvimba webandla ugcinwe uzele. Zabheka phambili ngolo hlobo iintshukumo ezimbini,--enye inika uxolelo lwesono ngemali, enye inika uxolelo ngoKristu,--iRoma ivumela isono, isenza sibe liliso lengeniso yayo; abaHlaziyi begxeka isono, besalatha kuKristu njengocamagushelo nomhlanguli.IE18 161.4

EJamani, ukuthengiswa koYekelelo kwakunikelwe kubafundisi bohlelo lweDominican kwaza kwaqhutywa nguTetzel, owayengathandwa. ESwitzerland indlela [yokuthengisa] yaba kukubeka umsebenzi ezandleni zamaqela eFranciscan, phantsi kolawulo lukaSamson, imonk yaseItaly. USamson wayelisebenzele kakuhle ibandla, ezuze izityhwentywe zemali eJamani naseSwitzerland ukuzalisa uvimba kaPopi. Ngoku watyhutyha iSwitzerland etsala izihlwele ezikhulu, ephanga abahlali basezifama nasemakhaya okuncinane ababekuzuza, enyanzelisa izipho ezikhulu kwabanobutyebi. Phofu, impembelelo yohlaziyo yayisele inefuthe lokuthibaza, nangona yayingakwazi ukukunqanda ukuhliwa kunyukwa. UZwingli wayesese-Einsiedeln ngexesha uSamson, akuba engenile eSwitzerland, wafika noko wayekuthengisa kwidolophu ebubumelwane. Wathi akwaziswa ngomsebenzi wakhe, umHlaziyi wakhawuleza waya ukuba amchase. Abazange bahlangana aba babini, kodwa impumelelo kaZwingli yaba nkulu ekutyhileni iinkohliso zikamfundisi kangangokuba wanyanzeleka ukuba ashiye aye kwezinye iindawo. IE18 162.1

EZurich, uZwingli wasebenza ngamandla ukuchasa abathengisi boxolelo; wathi uSamson xa efika apho wahlangatyezwa ngumthunywa wequmrhu enento ethi ulindeleke ukuba adlule. Ekugqibeleni wakwazi ukungena ngecebo, kodwa wagxothwa engathengisanga nolulodwa uxolelo, emva koko wayishiya kwangoko iSwitzerland.IE18 162.2

Lafumana amandla amakhulu uhlaziyo ngokufika kwesibetho, okanye uBhubhane, owagqugqisa kuyo yonke iSwitzerland ngomnyaka we-1519, Bathi abantu bakujongana ubuso ngobuso nomtshabalisi, abaninzi banoluvo lokuba lube lilize nokuchitha ixesha uxolelo ababesanda kuluthenga; baza banga bangazuza isiseko esiqine kakhulu sokholo lwabo. EZurich, uZwingli waya wabethwa kakhulu nguBhubhane, walahlelwa phantsi kangangokuba lonke ithemba lokuvuka kwakhe laliphelile, kwada kwajikeleza ngokubanzi ingxelo yokuba ufile. Ngelo xesha lokulingwa, ithemba lakhe [kuThixo] nesibindi sakhe azizange zibe nakushukunyiswa. Ngokholo, wakhangela emnqamlezweni waseKalvari, ethembele kucamagushelo olunamandla onke ngenxa yesono. Wathi akuba ebuyile kumasango okufa, kwaba kukona ayishumayela igospile ngamandla amakhulu kunakuqala; amazwi wakhe anika igunya elingaqhelekanga. Abantu bamamkela ngovuyo umfundisiongumalusi wabo, obuyiselwe kubo ebesele [esecicini lokufa] ekrobile engcwabeni. Bona ngokwabo babevela ekujongeni abagulayo nabafayo, baza baliva ixabiso legospile ngendlela engazanga yanjalo ngaphambili.IE18 162.3

UZwingli wafika ekuziqondeni ngokucace kakhulu iinyaniso [zegospile], waza wanawo kakhulu ebomini bakhe amava amandla wayo ahlaziyayo. Ukuwa komntu, necebo lokumhlangula yaba yimixholo awazinza kuyo. “KuAdam,” wathi, “sonke sifile, satshona kwinkohlakalo nokugwetywa.”--Wylie, b. 8, ch. 9. “UKristu . . . wasithengela ukuhlangulwa okungasoze kuphele. . . . Imfesane yaKhe . . . ingumbingelelo ongunaphakade, kwaye iya kuphilisa ngempumelelo kuse emaphakadeni; iyabanelisa ubulungisa bezulu ngenxa yabo bonke abo baxhomekeka kuyo ngokholo oluqinileyo nolungahexiyo.” Kanti ke, wafundisa ngokucacileyo ukuba abantu abakhululekanga, ngenxa yobabalo lukaKristu, ukuba baqhubeke behleli esonweni. “Kuyo yonke indawo enokukholwa kuThixo, uThixo ukho apho; kanti naphina apho uThixo ahleli khona, ikho apho inzondelelo ebakhuthazayo nebatyhalayo abantu ukuba benze imisebenzi elungileyo.”--D'Aubigne, b. 8, ch. 9. IE18 163.1

Wawumkhulu kakhulu umdla ekushumayeleni kukaZwingli kangangokuba ikhathedrale yayizala iphuphume zizihlwele ezazisiza ukuba zimphulaphule. Kancinane kancinane, kangangoko bakwazi ukunyamezela, wayivula inyaniso kubaphulaphuli bakhe. Wakulumkela ukuba angathi kusesekuqaleni, athethe ngezinto ezaziza kubothusa, zize zidale ukungamthandi kubo. Umsebenzi wakhe wawujonge ukuzizuzela iintliziyo zabo kwiimfundiso zikaKristu, nokuzenza zithambe ngothando lwaKhe, nokuphakamisa phambi kwabo umzekelo waKhe; baze bathi bakuyamkela imithetho-siseko yegospile, ukukholelwa ukuba neenkolelo nokwenza kwabo, ekugqibeleni, koyiswe. IE18 163.2

EZurich, uHlaziyo lwabheka phambili, inyathelo ngenyathelo. Ngokothuka, iintshaba zalo zavukela kwinkcaso esebenza ngamandla. Ngomnyaka ongaphambili, imonk yaseWittenberg yayivakalise uHAYI wayo kuPopi nakukumkani eWorms, kwaye ngeli xesha yonke into yayingathi ibonisa ukumelana okufanayo nebango likaPopi eZurich. Wayehlaselwa rhoqo uZwingli. Kumabandlana kaPopi, amaxesha ngamaxesha, abafundi begospile babeziswa ezibondeni zokutshiswa, kodwa oku kwakunganelanga; ofundisa ulahlekiso kufuneka avalwe umlomo. Ngokunjalo, ibhishophu yaseConstance yathuma abameliabathathu kwiQumrhu laseZurich, bemangalela uZwingli ngokufundisa abantuukuba bagqithe umthetho webandla, ngaloo ndlela ebeka engozini uxolo nocwangco olulungileyo lwasemphakathini. Ukuba igunya lebandla lingabekwa ecaleni, isiphumo kukuba kungakho uvukelo kuyo yonke indawo, ngokutsho kwabo. UZwingli waphendula ngokuxela ukuba, kuyiminyaka emine efundisa igospile eZurich, “[Zurich leyo] ebizole inoxolo kakhulu kunayo nayiphi idolophu apho kwimbumba.” Wabuza wathi, “Akwenziwa kuba ubuKristu busesona sikhuselo kulo lonke ukhuseleko na?”--Wylie, b. 8, ch. 11.IE18 163.3

Amabamba ayebalumkisile abacebisi ukuba bahlale ebandleni, ababesithi, ngaphandle kwalo alukho usindiso, ngokutsho kwabo. UZwingli waphendula: “Musani ukushukunyiswa sesi sityholo. Isiseko sebandla liliTye elinye, uKristu omnye, owanika uPetros igama lakhe kuba [uPetros] waLivuma [iLitye] ngokunyanisekileyo. Kuzo zonke izizwe, bonke abakholwayo ngentliziyo yabo yonke eNkosini uYesu, bayamkelwa nguThixo. Apha, ngokwenene, libandla, ekungekho noyedwa oya kusindiswa kulo.”--D'Aubigne, London ed., b. 8, ch. 11. Isiphumo somhlangano, saba kukuthi, elinye lamabamba ebhishophu layamkela inkolo ehlaziyiweyo.IE18 164.1

Iqumrhu alizange livume ukuthabatha amanyathelo ngakuZwingli, yaza iRoma yalungiselela uhlaselo olutsha. UmHlaziyi, wathi akwaziswa ngamacebo otshaba lwakhe, wavakala esithi, “Mabeze; ndiboyika njengedwala elincinane eloyika amaza abetha emazantsi alo.”--Wylie, b. 8, ch. 11. Amalinge abafundisi asuka awukhulisa umsebenzi ababezama ukuwoyisa. Inyaniso yaqhubeka isasazeka. Ababeyamkele inyaniso eJamani, baza batyhafiswa kukuthi shwaka kukaLutha, baphinda baqina kwakhona, xa babeyibona inkqubela yegospile eSwitzerland.IE18 164.2

Kwathi ngokuya luzinza uHlaziyo eSwitzerland, iziqhamo zalo zabonakala ngakumbi ngokucinezelwa kwenkohlakalo nokukhula kocwangco nokuvumelana. “Uxolo lunendawo yokuhlala kwidolophu yethu,” wabhala watsho uZwingli; “akukho kulwa, akukho kuhanahanisa, akukho mona, akukho kulwa. Bungavelaphi ubunye obunjalo xa bungaveli eNkosini, nakwimfundiso yethu, ethi isizalise ngeziqhamo zoxolo nokoyika uThixo?” -- Wylie, b. 8, ch. 15.IE18 164.3

ULoyisoolwazuzwaluHlaziyolwawashukumisa amaRoma ukuba agqithisele ngakumbi ukuzama ukuloyisa. Ngokubona ukuba kuncinane kangakanani okwenziwe ngentshutshiso ekucinezeleni umsebenzi kaLutere eJamani, bagqiba ekubeni baqubisane nohlaziyo ngezalo izixhobo. Babeza kubamba iingxoxo noZwingli, bathi bakuba beyicwangcise kakuhle imicimbi, baluqinisekisa uloyiso ngokukhetha, ngokwabo, kungabi kuphela indawo yokuqubisana, kodwa nabagwebi abaza kwahlula phakathi kwabalwayo. Ukuba nje bebengaphinda ukuzuza uZwingli abe phantsi kwegunya labo, bebeya kuqinisekisa ukuba akaphindi aphuncuke asinde kubo. Phofu, le njongo yayifihlwe ngononophelo olukhulu.IE18 164.4

Kwagqitywa ukuba iingxoxo zibe seBaden; kodwa uZwingli wayengekho. IQumrhu laseZurich, ngokukrokrela amacebo abobupopi, nokulunyukiswa kukutsha kwamaphepha awafakwa emlilweni kwizithili zobupopi apho kwakukho abayamkelayo igospile, bakwala ukuba umfundisi wabo azibeke kule ngozi. EZurich, wayekulungele ukuhlangana nabo bonke ababeza kuba nenxaxheba ngokuthunyelwa yiRoma; kodwa kona ukuya eBaden, apho igazi labafelukholo ngenxa yenyaniso lalisanda kuchitheka, yayikukuya nje ekufeni okuqinisekileyo. UOecolampadius [Ukholaphadiyo] noHaller banyulwa ukuba bamele abaHlaziyi, lo gama uDr Eck, owayexhaswa yinkitha yabanye oogqirha nabameli bakaPopi, wayeyinjinga emele iRoma.IE18 165.1

Nangona uZwingli wayengekho entlanganisweni, lalivakala ifuthe lakhe. Bonke ababebhala babenyulwe ngabobupopi, baza balelwa bonke abanye ukuba bacholachole amanqaku, bethenjiswa ngokubulawa. Nangona kwakunjalo, uZwingli wayifumana yonke imihla ingxelo ethembekileyo yako konke okwakuthethwa eBaden. Umfundi owayekho apho ezingxoxweni, wathi rhoqo ngokuhlwa ebhala konke okwakuxoxwa ngaloo mini. Kwabakho abanye abafundi ababini ababeqinisekisa ukuba la maphepha ayahanjiswa, neeleta zemihla ngemihla zikaUkholaphadiyo, ezazisiya kuZwingli eZurich. UmHlaziyi wayephendula, enika iziluleko namacebiso. Iileta zakhe zazibhalwa ngobusuku, baze abafundi babuye nazo ukuya eBaden kusasa. Ukuphepha umlindi ophaphamileyo ohleli emasangweni esixeko, aba bathunywa babesiza bethwele iingobozi zeenkuku ezintloko, baze bavunyelwe ukuba bangene bengaphazanyiswa.IE18 165.2

Waligcina ngolo hlobo uZwingli idabi phakathi kwakhe nabachasi bakhe. “Uye wasebenza kakhulu,” ngokutsho kukaMyconius [Mikoniyo], “ngokuthandaza kwakhe, ubusuku bokungalali, namacebiso awayewathumela eBaden, kunokuba wayeya kwenza xa wayekho buqu phakathi kweentshaba zakhe.”--D'Aubigne, b. 11, ch. 13.IE18 165.3

AmaRoma emile iimpiko ngokulindela ukoyisa, eza eBaden evathe iingubo zawona maxabiso aphezulu, ehombe ngamatye anqabileyo abengezelayo. Ayehamba ngeyona ndlela ipholileyo neyodidi oluphezulu, iitafile ababesitya kuzo zazizele ngooni-nooni bezibiliboco neewayini ezikhethiweyo eziphezulu. Umthwalo wemisebenzi yawo yenkonzo wenziwa wabonakala ulula ngamatheko nokuzonwabisa. Kwakukho umahluko omkhulu owawubonakala phakathi kwabaHlaziyi, ababebonwa njengabantu abangaphezulwana kancinane kuneqela labangqibi, abaluqoqosho lwabo lwalubagcina ixeshana nje elincinane ezitafileni zokutya. Umnini-ndawo apho kwakuhlala u-Ukholaphadiyo wabanethuba lokumjonga ekwigumbi lakhe, esoloko emfumana efunda okanye ethandaza, waza wathi, emangaliswe kakhulu, wanika ingxelo yokuba, umlahlekisi unokuba “wayemhlonela kakhulu uThixo.”IE18 165.4

Entlanganisweni, “uEck, ngokuziphakamisa okukhulu, wakhwela eqongeni elalihonjiswe ngobuyokoyoko obungathethekiyo, lo gama u-Ukholaphadiyo, enxibe iimpahla ezingacacanga, wanyanzelwa ukuba ahlale ngaphambi kwabachasi bakhe, kwisihlalo esasenziwe ngokungakhathali.”-- D'Aubigne, b. 11, ch. 13. Ilizwi elikhulu likaEck nokuqiniseka kwakhe okungenamda kwakungenako ukuphazamiseka. Inzondelelo yakhe yayiqhutywa lithemba legolide nodumo; kuba umkhuseli wokholo wayeza kuvuzwa ngentlawulo entle kakhulu. Zathi zakuwa phantsi iingxoxo ezingcono, wabhenela kwizithuko, nezifungo. IE18 166.1

U-Ukholaphadiyo, enembeko nokungazithembi, wayeloyika idabi, wangena kulo enomthandazo onendili: “Akukho mgangatho wumbi wokugweba endiwuvumayo, ngaphandle kwelizwi likaThixo.”-- D'Aubigne, b. 11, ch. 13. Nangona wayelulamile enembeko ngokuziphatha, wazibonakalalisa engumntu onolwazi nongagungqiyo. Lo gama amaRoma, ngokwesiko lawo, ayebhenela kwigunya lezithethe zebandla, umHlaziyi wabambelela ngokuqinileyo eziBhalweni Ezingcwele. “Isithethe,” watsho, “asinagunya kwiSwitzerland yethu, ngaphandle kokuba sihambelana nomgaqo; ngoku, kwimiba yenkolo, iBhayibhile ingumgaqo wethu.”-- D'Aubigne, b. 11, ch. 13. Umahluko phakathi kwamaqela amabini aphikisanayo awuzange ungabinalo ifuthe. Ukuzathuza okuzolileyo nokucacileyo komHlaziyi, kubekwe ngobubele nembeko, kwangena ezingqondweni ezaya zajika zidanile bubuganga bukaEck, obunokuzigwagwisa nesivuthuvuthu sengxolo.IE18 166.2

Ingxoxo yaqhuba iintsuku ezilishumi elinesibhozo. Ekupheleni kwayo, ababobupopi, ngengqiniseko enkulu, bathi boyisile. Abameli abaninzi baba ngakwicala leRoma, yaza iNtlanganiso yavakalisa ukuba abaHlaziyi boyisiwe, yaza yathi, behlangene noZwingli, inkokeli yabo, basusiwe ebandleni. Zona iziqhamo zomhlangano zabonisa ukuba kwakukweliphi icala okuhle. Ukhuphiswano lwaba nomphumela oligalelo elinamandla kumsebenzi wobuProtestanti, kwaza kwathi, kungekudala emva koko, izixeko ezibalulekileyo, iBern neBasel, kwathiwa zezoHlaziyo. IE18 166.3