חֵֽלְכָה — חֹ֫מֶר²
† חֵֽלְכָה read חַלְכֶּה, חֶלְכֶּה, or חָלְכֶּה, adj. hapless, unfortunate, only as subst. hapless, luckless one(s)—לְחֵֽלְכָה ψ 10:8, 𝔊 εἰς τὸν πένητα, 𝔖 𝔗; חֵלֶ֑כָה 10:14 𝔊 ὁ πτωχός; חלכאים 10:10 Kt, read pl. חַלְכָּאִים (חֶל׳, חָל׳); Qr חֵל כָּאִים, 𝔊 τῶν πενήτων. In all text and meaning dub. (MT reads חֵלְכָה = חֵילְךָ thine army; and חֵל כָּאִים v 10 army of dejected ones, but this against usage of חֵל, and no such fig. sense of חַיִל, v. Ol Hup De Bae Che, and crit. n.)BDB חֵֽלְכָה.2
† I. חָלַל vb. bore, pierce (Arabic خَلَّ perforate, pierce through, transfix, Ethiopic ኅለት (hollow) reed; Aramaic חֲלַל hollow out, חֲלִילָא pipe; ܚܠܻܝܠܴܐ adj. hollow, ܚܠܳܠܴܐ cave, ܚܶܠܬܳܐ sheath, etc.; NH in deriv. חָלָל n. hollow, adj. slain, חָלִיל pipe);—
Qal Pf. לִבִּי חָלַל בְּקִרְבִּי my heart is pierced (wounded) within me ψ 109:22 (? lit. one has pierced my heart; or read Pu. חֻלַּל?); Inf. cstr. חַלּוֹתִי הִיא ψ 77:11 it is my piercing, my wound my woe; Hu. Pe Bi Che read חֲלוֹתִי my sickness).
Pi. Pt. pl. (Baer) בְּיַד מְחַללֶי֑ךָ Ez 28:9 in the hand of the ones wounding thee (Sm Co read מְחוֹלְלֶ֑ךָ).
Pu. Pt. מְחֻלֲלֵי הֶרֶב pierced by the sword Ez 32:26. Poʿel. Pf. 3 fs. חֹלֲלָה יָדוֹ נָחָשׁ בָּרִחַ Jb 26:13 his hand pierced the fleeing serpent; רַב־מְחוֹלֵל כֹּל Pr 26:10 an archer piercing all (v. חול) Pt. f. מְחוֹלֶלֶת תַּנִּין Is 51:9 who pierced the dragon. Poʿal. Pt. מְחֹלָל מִפְּשָׁעֵינוּ Is 53:5 pierced, wounded because of our transgressions (of the servant of י׳, ‖ מְדֻכָּא מֵעֲוֹנֹתֵינוּ).BDB חָלַל.2
I. חָלָל90 n.m. pierced, ח׳ abs. Dt. 21:1 + 25 times; cstr. חֲלַל Nu 19:16; pl. חֲלָלִים Nu 23:24 + 28 times; cstr. חַלְלֵי Is 22:2 + 21 times; sf. חֲלָלֶיךָ ψ 69:27, etc. + 11 times sfs.;—
1. pierced, fatally wounded ψ 69:27 Je 51:52 Ez 26:15; 30:24 La 2:12 Jb 24:12.
2. slain Nu 19:18; 31:8, 19 (P), etc.; sg. coll. 2 S 23:8, 18 = 1 Ch 11:11, 20 Ez 6:7; 30:11, etc., but usually pl. Gn 34:27 1 S 17:52 (RV wounded) Je 51:49, etc.; †חַלְלֵי חֶרֶב Is 22:2 Je 14:18 Ez 31:17, 18; 32:20, 21, 25, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 Zp 2:12 La 4:9; חַלְלֵי רעב La 4:9; חַלְלֵי יהוה Is 66:16 Je 25:33.BDB חָלָל.2
† II. [חָלַל] vb.denom. play the pipe, pipe—
Qal Pt. pl. וְשָׁרִים כְּחֹלֲלִים ψ 87:7 as well the singers as the pipe-players, cf. AV; < RV Pe De Che Bae al. Pôʿlel Pt. from i. חוּל dancers.
Pi. Pt. וְהָעָם מְחַלְּלִים בַּחֲלִלִים 1 K 1:40 and the people piped with pipes (cf. Assyrian ḫâlalu, according to Dl in ZimBP 117).BDB חָלַל².2
† II. חָלָל adj. profaned;—חָלָל רָשָׁע (read cstr. חֲלַל SS) profaned, dishonoured wicked one Ez 21:30 (so AV Thes MV SS Co Or; but RV Hä deadly wounded, Ew Sm fallen, slain); pl. cstr. חַלְלֵי רְשָׁעִים Ez 21:34; fs. חֲלָלָה of woman sexually dishonoured Lv 21:7; 14 (H; ‖ זָנָה).BDB חָלָל².2
† III. [חָלַל] vb. pollute, defile, profane; Hiph. also begin (lit. untie, loosen, open, v. Arabic) (Arabic خَلَّ untie, undo, become free, lawful, free from obligation or tie; iv. make lawful; x. esteem lawful or free, profane, desecrate, violate; NH חלל be profane, desecrated (also Pi. Hiph. transit.), cf. Aramaic חֲלַל; ܚܰܠܶܠ Pa. is purify, ܐܰܚܶܠ Aph. is profane)—
Niph. Pf. נִחָ֑ל Ez 25:3, נִחַלְתְּ (-תִּי Co) Ez 22:16, נִחֲלוּ Ez 7:24; Impf. יֵחָ֑ל Is 48:11, תֵּחֵל Lv 21:9, וָאֵחַל Ez 22:26; Inf. הֵחֵל Ez 20:9, 14, 22, sf. לְהֵחַלּוֹ Lv 21:4.— 1. reflex. pollute, defile oneself a. ritually, by contact with dead ‖ טמא, Lv 21:4 (H) b. sexually ‖ זנה Lv 21:9 (H). 2. Pass., be polluted, defiled, of holy places Ez 7:24; 25:3, name of God Ez 20:9, 14, 22 Is 48:11 and even God himself Ez 22:16, 26.
Pi. Pf. חִלֵּל Lv 19:8 + 3 times; sf. חִלְּלוֹ Dt 20:6; 2 ms. חִלַּלְתָּ Gn 49:4 + 3 times; 2 fs. חִלָּ֑לְתְּ Ez 22:8; 3 pl. sf. חִלְּלוּהֻ֯ Ez 7:21 etc., + 16 times Pf.; Impf. יְחַלֵּל Lv 21:12, 15, 23; sf. יְחַלְּלֶנּוּ Dt 20:6; pl. יְחַלְּלוּ Lv 21:6 + 4 times, יְחַלֵּ֑לוּ ψ 89:32 etc., + 13 times Impf.; Inf. חַלֵּל Am 2:7 + 4 times; חַלְּלוֹ Ez 23:39 + 4 times; חַלְּלָם Je 16:18; Pt. מְחַלֵּל Ez 24:21 pl. מְחַלְּלִים Mal 1:12 Ne 13:17; sf. מְחַלֲלֶיהָ Ex 31:14; f. מְחַלֶּלֶת Lv 21:9;— 1. defile, pollute: a. sexually, Gn 49:4 (poem) = 1 Ch 5:1 (the father’s bed); a woman = זנה Lv 19:29; 21:9 (H); זַרְעוֹ Lv 21:15 (H). b. ceremonially, profane, the altar by a tool Ex 20:25 (JE); sacred places Lv 21:12, 23 (H), Ez 7:21, 22(×2), 23:39; 24:21; 44:7 Zp 3:4 Mal 2:11 ψ 74:7 Dn 11:31; the holy land Je 16:18; sacred things Lv 19:8; 22:9, 15 (H) Nu 18:32 (P) Ez 22:26; the sabbath Ex 31:14 (P), Is 56:2, 6 Ez 20:13, 16, 21, 24; 22:8; 23:38 Ne 13:17, 18; and so the sanctity of the prince of Tyre who made himself God, and his holy places, Ez 28:7, 16, 18. c. the name of God Lv 18:21; 19:12; 20:3; 21:6; 22:2, 32 (all H), Am 2:7 Je 34:16 Ez 20:39; 36:20, 21, 22, 23 Mal 1:12, God himself Ez 13:19. d. י׳ defiles or profanes his inheritance by giving it over to Babylon Is 47:6; the princes of the sanctuary by giving them to Chaldeans Is 43:28. 2. violate the honour of, dishonour, י׳ subj., crown of Davidic kingdom ψ 89:40 (sq. לארץ pregn.), kingdom of Judah La 2:2; the גאון כל צבי Is 23:9. 3. violate a covenant ψ 55:21; 89:35 Mal 2:10, the חקות of God ψ 89:32. 4. treat a vineyard as common (v. חֹל) by beginning to use its fruit Dt 20:6(×2); 28:30 Je 31:5 (v. the law Lv 19:23—25, H).
Pu. Pt. שְׁמִי הַגָּדוֹל הַמְֿחֻלָּל בַּגּוֹיִם Ez 36:23 my great name which is profaned among the nations.
Hiph. 1. a. Impf. לֹא אַחֵל אֶת־שֶׁם־קָדְשִׁי עוֹד Ez 39:7 I will not let my holy name be profaned any more; cp. 20:9. b. לֹא יַחֵל דְּבָרוֹ he shall not violate his word Nu 30:3 (P). 2. begin, Pf. הֵחֵל Gn 6:1 + 15 times, הֵחֵ֫לָּה Ju 20:40, הַחִלּוֹתָ Dt 3:24 Est 6:13, הַחִלֹּתִי Dt 2:31 1 S 22:15, הֵחֵ֫לּוּ Ezr 3:6 + 6 times; Impf. יָחֵל Ju 10:18; 13:5, וַיָּ֫חֶל Gn 9:20 + 5 times, 3 fs. וַ֫תָּחֶל Ju 13:25; 16:19, 2 ms. תָּחֵל Dt 16:9, אָחֵל Dt 2:25 Jos 3:7, וַיָּחֵ֫לּוּ Ju 20:31 + 3 times, וַתְּחִלֶּינָה Gn 41:54, תָּחֵ֫לּוּ Ez 9:6; Imv. הָחֵל Dt 2:24, 31; Inf. cstr. הָחֵל 1 S 3:12 + 2 times; sf. הַחִלָּם Gn 11:6; Pt. מֵחֵל Je 25:29;—begin, Nu 17:11, 12 (P) Dt 16:9 2 Ch 29:27(×2); so 2 S 24:15 𝔊 We Dr. (𝔊 inserts וְהַמַּגֵּפָה הֵחֵ֫לָּה בָּעָם bef. וַיָּ֫מָת); c. Inf. (ל) begin to Gn 41:54 (E), Gn 6:1; 10:8 = 1 Ch 1:10, Gn 11:6 Nu 25:1 (all J), Dt 2:25, 31; 3:24; 16:9 Jos 3:7 (D), Ju 10:18; 13:5, 25; 16:19, 22; 20:31, 39, 40 1 S 3:2; 14:35; 22:15 2 K 10:32; 15:37 1 Ch 27:24 2 Ch 3:1, 2; 29:17; 31:7, 10, 21; 34:3(×2) Ezr 3:6 Ne 4:1 Est 6:13; 9:23; Je 25:29 Jon 3:4; c. ו consec. Gn 9:20 (J) Ezr 3:8; c. בְּ begin with Gn 44:12 (J), Ez 9:6, 2 Ch 20:22; so 2 S 24:5, read וַיָּחֵ֫לּוּ for וַיַּחֲנוּ 𝔊L We Dr; c. מן begin from Ez 9:6; הָחֵל רָשׁ begin! possess! Dt 2:24, 31; הָחֵל וְכַלֵּה beginning and ending 1 S 3:12 (i.e. accomplishing my full purpose, v. Dr).
Hoph. Pf. אָו הוּחַל לִקְרֹא בְּשֵׁם י׳ then it was begun (= men began) to call on the name of י׳ Gn 4:26 (J).
Note. —וַיָּחֵלּוּ מְעַט מִמַּשָּׂא Ho 8:10 begin to be minished by reason of the burden RV Hi al.; Wü Now read וְיָחִלוּ (I. חול, חיל)—for om. of dagh. v. also וְיָחֵלוּ of Cod. Bab.—shall be in anguish a little for the burden, so Ra AV; Ew וְיָחִלוּ that they may wait (?) a little; 𝔊 וחדלו מעט ממשׁח cease a little from anointing, so Che We, this probably best.BDB חָלַל³.2
† חֵ֫לֶם n.pr.m. (strength)—a returned exile Zc 6:14 = חֶלְדַּי v 10.BDB חֵ֫לֶם.2
† I. [חָלַם] vb. be healthy, strong (NH id.; Aramaic ܚܠܰܡ Ethp. be made healthy, strong Aph. causat., also deriv.; חֲלַם press firmly together)—
Qal Impf. יַחְלְמוּ בְנֵיהֶם Jb 39:4 their young are healthy.
Hiph. Impf. 2 ms. וְתַחֲלִימֵנִי Is 38:16 and restore me to health (‖ וִהַחֲיֵ֫ינִי).BDB חָלַם.2
† II. חָלַם vb. dream (NH id.; Aramaic ܚܠܰܡ; חֲלַם; Ethiopic ሐለመ: Arabic حَلَمَ, dream, experience an emission of the seminal fluid, attain to puberty)—
Qal Pf. ח׳ Gn 42:9 Dn 2:1, חָלַמְתִּי Gn 37:9 + 3 times, חָלָ֑מְתִּי Gn 37:6 + 2 times, etc., + 3 times Pf.; Impf. יַחֲלֹם Is 29:8 + 5 times, יַחְלְמוּ Jb 39:4, וַיַּחַלְמוּ Gn 40:5, יַחֲלֹמ֑וּן Jo 3:1, נַחַלְמָה Gn 41:11, Pt. חוֹלֵם Dt 13:4, חֹלֵם Gn 41:1 Dt 13:2, 6, חֹלְמִים ψ 126:1—dream: a. of ordinary dreams of sleep Is 29:8(×2) ψ 126:1. b. of dreams with prophetic meaning: of Jacob Gn 28:12, Joseph Gn 37:5, 6, 9(×2), 10; 42:9, of Pharaoh and his servants Gn 40:5, 8; 41:1, 5, 11(×2), 15 (all E, not elsewhere in Hex.); of Midianite Ju 7:13, Nebuchad. Dn 2:1, 3, old men in latter days Jo 3:1. c. of dreams of false prophets Dt 13:2, 4, 6 Je 23:25(×2).
Hiph. Pt. מַחְלְמִים dream (of false prophets, c. acc. cogn.) Je 29:8 (but read חֹלְמִים [מ by dittogr. from אַתֶּם], Hi Gf Gie Gr).BDB חָלַם².2
חַלָּמוּת n.f. name of a plant, with thick, slimy juice, purslain, Jb 6:6 RVm, so Thes Rob Ges al.; 𝔖 ܚܠܰܡܬܳܐ, anchusa PS i, 1284; on this, and later interpr. v. Bö Di Löw pp. 165, 361; only אִם־יֶשׁ־טַעַם בְּרִיר חַלָּמוּת Jb 6:6 is there any taste in the juice of ח׳ (fig. of insipid and dull discourse); > AV RV Ew Hi SS after 𝔗 Saad Rabb. in the white of an egg. The ref. is to Job’s suffering (from which as little joy comes as from eating unsavoury food, so now Comm. generally), rather than to the unpalatable words of his friends. It is doubtful whether Di’s reason for perferring purslain to 𝔗 חֶלְמוֹנָא yolk of egg (רִיר ח׳ slime of yolk, i.e. the white of the egg) is convincing, viz. that ancient Hebrews did not keep hens, or that of De, viz. that white of egg is not slime and is not unpalatable; meaning yolk preferred also by Da Bu Du.BDB חַלָּמוּת.2
† חַלָּמִישׁ n.m. flint;—חַלָּמִישׁ Dt 8:15 + 3 times; cstr. חַלְמִישׁ Dt 32:13;—flint צוּר הַח׳ rock of flint = flinty rock, whence water flowed for Isr. in desert Dt 8:15, and (no צור) ψ 114:8; worked by miners Jb 28:9; hyperb. oil out of ח׳ צוּר Dt 32:13 flint of rock = rocky flint (poet.);—in sim. of firmness עַל־כֵּן שַׂמְתִּי פָּנַי כַּחַלָּמִישׁ Is 50:7.BDB חַלָּמִישׁ.2
חלמשׁ (quadrilit. √ of following; meaning unknown).BDB חלמשׁ.2
† חֵלֹן n.pr.m. a man of Zebulon Nu 1:9; 2:7; 7:24, 29; 10:16 (𝔊 Χαιλων, 𝔊L Χελων).BDB חֵלֹן.2
חֵלֹן, חֹלוֹן v. sub. I. and II. חול.BDB חֵלֹן².2
† I. חֵ֫לֶף n.[m.] exchange, only cstr., as prep. in return for (so חֲלַף, ܚܠܳܦ, common in Aramaic e.g. Gn 4:23 𝔗 𝔖 for Heb. תַּחַת)—ח׳ עֲבֹדֶתֶם (עֲבֹדַתְכֶם) Nu 18:21, 31 (both P).BDB חֵ֫לֶף.2
† חָלַף vb. pass on or away, pass through (mostly poet.) (NH id., pass by or away, change; Ph. חלפת equivalent, ReinachRÉJ 188, 276; Hoffm G. G. Abh. xxxvi. 1890, 20; Aramaic חֲלַף pass away, change; ܚܠܰܦ change, substitute; Nab. חלף change (?) Eut p. 53; Arabic خَلَفَ come after, succeed, replace [cf. ‘Caliph’ i.e. successor (of Mohammed)] and many deriv. Lane792—799; so also ויחלפה MI 6 and his son succeeded him; Ethiopic ኀለፈ pass by, across, through)—
Qal Pf. חָלַף Ct 2:11 Hb 1:11 etc.; Impf. יַחֲלֹף Jb 4:15 + 4 times; 3 fs. sf. תַּחְלְפֵ֫הוּ Jb 20:24; יַחֲלֹ֑פוּ ψ 102:27; Inf. cstr. לַחֲלוֹף Is 21:1;— 1. a. pass on quickly 1 Sa 10:3; elsewhere only poet., move or sweep on, of a flood Is 8:8, or wind 21:1 Jb 4:15 Hb 1:11, of God Jb 9:11; 11:10. b. pass away (vanish) Jb 9:26 (of days); Ct 2:11 (of rain ‖ עבר), of the heavens ψ 102:27, of idols Is 2:18, (but perhaps gloss JBL ix. 1890, 86). 2. of grass, come on anew, i.e. sprout again (cf. Hiph. 2) ψ 90:5, 6, so Thes AV De Hi Che Bae al.; less suitably in context 𝔊 𝔙 Ew pass away, supr. 1 b. 3. trans. a. pass through, i.e. pierce, sq. acc. Ju 5:26 Jb 20:24. b. overstep, transgress Is 24:5 (‖ עבר), (cf. Arabic iv. to break a promise).
Pi. Impf. וַיְחַלֵּף (cause to pass) change, sq. acc. garment Gn 41:14 (E) 2 S 12:20.
Hiph. Pf. חֶחֱלִף Gn 31:7; Impf. יַחֲלִיף Jb 14:7; sf. יַחֲלִיפֶנּוּ Lv 27:10; 3 fs. תַּחֲלִיף Jb 29:20; 2 ms. וַתַּחֲלֵף Gn 31:41; sf. תַּחֲלִיפֵם; יַחֲלִ֫יפוּ Is 40:31; 41:1; נַחֲלִיף Is 9:9;— 1. change (trans.) garments Gn 35:2 (E) ψ 102:27, wages Gn 31:7, 41 (both E); no obj. expr. Lv 27:10 (P); substitute i.e. cause to succeed Is 9:9; change for better, renew, obj. כֹּחַ Is 40:31; 41:1. 2. shew newness, of tree, putting forth fresh shoots Jb 14:7, of bow 29:20.BDB חָלַף.2
† II. חֵ֫לֶף n.pr.loc. in Naphtali, site unknown Jos 19:33.BDB חֵ֫לֶף².2
חֵ֫לֶץ n.pr.m. v. חֶלֶץ supr.BDB חֵ֫לֶץ.2
† חֶ֫לֶץ n.pr.m. (vigour).
1. one of David’s heroes 2 S 23:26, 𝔊 Σελλης, A Ελλης, 𝔊L Χαλλης; = 1 Ch 11:27 𝔊 Χελλης, 𝔊L Ελλης; also 1 Ch 27:10 𝔊 Χεσλης, A 𝔊L Χελλης (in both, Baer חֶלֶץ, van d. H. חֵלֶץ).
2. man of Judah 1 Ch 2:39 = חָ֑לֶץ v 39 𝔊 Χελλης 𝔊L Αλλαν.BDB חֶ֫לֶץ.2
† I. חָלַץ vb. draw off or out, withdraw (NH id.; Aramaic חֲלַץ; ܚܠܰܨ despoil, usually Pa. etc.; Ph. n.pr. חלצבעל Baal has rescued, and חלץ alone; Arabic خَلَصَ withdraw, retire)—
Qal Pf. Ho 5:6; וְחָֽלְצָה consec. Dt 25:9; חָֽלְצוּ La 4:3; Impf. 2 ms. תַּחֲלֹץ; Pt. pass. cstr. חֲלוּץ Dt 25:10— 1. draw, draw off, c. acc. of sandal Dt 25:9 Is 20:2 (both sq. רֶגֶל c. מִן), cf. בֵּית חֲלוּץ הַנָּ֑עַל Dt 25:10; draw out, present the breast, of animal giving suck La 4:3. 2. intrans. withdraw (himself) sq. מִן Ho 5:6.
Niph. Pf. be delivered נֶחֱלָ֑ץ Pr 11:8 (sq. מִן); Impf. יֵחָלֵ֑צוּ Pr 11:9; יֵחָֽלְצוּן ψ 60:7 = 108:7 (Ges§ 51. 2. R. 2).
Pi. Pf. חִלֵּץ Lv 14:43 etc.; Impf. יְחַלֵּץ Jb 36:15; וָאֲחַלְּצָה ψ 7:5 (but on text vid. infr. ad fin.); sf. אֲחַלֶּצְךָ ψ 50:15; אֲחַלְּצֶ֫ךָּ ψ 81:8, etc.; Imv. חַלְּצָה ψ 6:5; חַלְּצֵנִי ψ 119:153; 140:2;— 1. pull out, tear out Lv 14:40, 43 (P; stones from infested house). 2. rescue, deliver, c. obj. pers., but only poet.;—sq. נפשׁי ψ 6:5; 116:8 (מִמָּ֫וֶת); cf. 140:2 (sq. מִן); abs. c. acc. ψ 18:20 = 2 S 22:20, ψ 34:8; 50:15; 81:8; 91:15; 119:153 Jb 36:15; וָאֲחַלְּצָה ψ 7:5; sq. acc., but I delivered AV Hup Ri, cf. Ew; and spoiled, despoiled Ges Hi De Bae (but this only in Aramaic); < and oppressed (read וָאֶֽלְחְצָה) Krochm Dy Gr Che; (‖ גָּמַלְתִּי רַע).BDB חָלַץ.2
† [חָלָץ] n.[f.] only dual, loins (as seat of strength, vigour; cf. Aramaic חַרְצָא hip, loin, Syriac ܚܰܨܳܐ, NöZMG 1886, 741)—חֲלָצָ֑יִם Is 32:11; sf. חֲלָצֶיךָ Gn 35:11 + 4 times; חֲלָצָיו Is 5:27 + 2 times; + חלצו Kt Jb 31:20, Qr חֲלָצָיו;—loins:
1. as seat of virility יצא מן ח׳ Gn 35:11 (P), 1 K 8:19 2 Ch 6:9.
2. as girded אֱזָר־נָא כְּגֶבֶר ח׳ Jb 38:3; 40:7; אֵזוֹר חֲלָצָיו Is 5:27 (v. אֵזוֹר), וַחֲג֫וֹרָה עַל חֲלָצָ֑יִם 32:11, cf. Jb 31:20 where the clothed loins are conceived as blessing charitable giver; metaph. Is 11:5 faithfulness waistcloth of his loins (‖ מתניו).
3. as seat of pains, like a woman’s in travail, Je 30:6.BDB חָלָץ.2
† II. [חָלַץ] vb. equip for war (primary idea of strength, vigour, v. Hiph., n. חֲלָצַיִם, and Assyrian ḫalṣu, fortification (SchrCOT Gloss Asrb. Annals ii. 52), cf. ḫhilṣu, belt, ZehnpfundBAS i. 499; Aramaic ܚܠܻܝܨ accinctus ad opus, strenuus, ܚܠܻܝܨܽܘܬܳܐ fortitudo, strenuitas, Gk. ἀνδρεία, > Thes Rob Ges SS who regard as = I. חלץ in sense strip for battle, expeditus)—
Qal only Pt. pass. חָלוּץ Nu 32:21 + 7 times, cstr. חֲלוּץ Nu 32:27; pl. חֲלוּצִים Nu 32:30 + 2 times, cstr. חֲלוּצֵי 1 Ch 12:24 + 3 times; חֲלֻצֵי Is 15:4;—equipped: 1. as adj. Nu 32:30, 32 Dt 3:18. 2. as subst. sg. coll. Nu 32:21 (JE; v. Niph. v 20) 2 Ch 20:21; 28:14, c. art. הֶח׳ Jos 6:7, 9, 13 (JE); חֲלוּץ צָבָא Nu 32:27 men equipped for war (JE), so ח׳ הַמִּלְחָמָה 32:29 (P); הֶחָ׳ לַצָּבָא 1 Ch 12:24 (v 23 van d. H.); pl. חֲלוּצֵי צָבָא Nu 31:5 (P) 1 Ch 12:25 (v 24 Van d. H.) 2 Ch 17:18; ח׳ הַצּ׳ Jos 4:13 (P); note חֲלֻצֵי מוֹאָב Is 15:4 warriors (equipped ones, Che men-at-arms) of Moab.
Niph. Impf. 2 mpl. תֵּחָֽלְצוּ Nu 32:20, 1 pl. נֵחָלֵץ Nu 32:17; Imv. הֵחָֽלְצוּ Nu 31:3; be, or go equipped, sq. לִפְנֵי Nu 32:17, 20 (both JE; v. Qal Pt. v 21); sq. לַצָּבָא 31:3 (P; Niph. Imv. here surprising with מֵאִתְּכֶם, v. Di).
Hiph. Impf. עַצְמֹתֶיךָ יַחֲלִיץ Is 58:11 he (י׳) will brace up, invigorate, thy bones (MV De Di; Hup Che crit. n. Du al. read יַחֲלִיף renew, rejuvenate).BDB חָלַץ².2
† I. חֵ֫לֶק n.m. Jos 18:5 portion, tract, territory—ח׳ abs. Gn 31:14 +; cstr. Gn 14:24 +; sf. חֶלְקִי ψ 16:5 + 6 times; חֶלְקְךָ Nu 18:20 Ec 9:9; חֶלְקֶ֑ךָ ψ 50:18; חֶלְקֵךְ Is 57:6; חֶלְקוֹ Hb 1:16 + 5 times; חֶלְקָם Gn 14:24 + 3 times; pl. חֲלָקִים Jos 18:5 + 5 times; sf. חֶלְקֵיהֶם Ho 5:7;—
1. portion, share: a. of booty Gn 14:24(×2) Nu 31:36 (P) 1 S 30:24(×2). b. of food Lv 6:10 (P); ח׳ כּח׳ יאכלו Dt 18:8; = food Hb 1:16 (‖ מַאֲכָל); so (of unrestricted charity) Ec 11:2 v. Now. c. sq. בְּ, share or interest in Ec 9:6, with idea of obligation to Gn 31:14 (E; in father’s house), 2 S 20:1 = 1 K 12:16 = 2 Ch 10:16 (in royal line; all ‖ נַחֲלָה); of right (privilege) in ח׳ ביהוה Jos 22:25, 27 (P); Ne 2:20 (in Jerus.; + צְדָקָה וְזִכָּרוֹן). d. proper share or part אַעֲנֶה חֶלְקִי Jb 32:17 i.e. I will do my part in replying. Especially
2. portion, tract, of land: a. as distrib. at conquest Jos 19:9, seven portions 18:5, 6, 9 (all JE) v 7 (JE; + נחלה in ‖ cl.), 15:13; 19:9 (both P); none for tribe of Levi Dt 10:9; 12:12; 14:27, 29; 18:1 Jos 18:7 (all D; ‖ נחלה), Jos 14:4 (P), none for priests Nu 18:20 (P; ‖ vb. נחל). b. of land possessed by people Ho 5:7 Mi 2:4. c. portion to be assigned after exile Is 61:7 Ez 45:7; 48:8, 21, חֶלְקוֹ עַל־אַדְמַת הַקֹּרֶשׁ Zc 2:16. d. specif. of town-land, district about a town, ח׳ יִזְרְעֵאל 2 K 9:10, 36 + 1 K 21:23 (MT חֵל), הַשָּדֶה בְּח׳ יִזְ׳ 2 K 9:37. e. הַחֵלֶק Am 7:4 (opp. תְּהוֹם) appar. of land of Isr.
3. hence portion, i.e. (acquired) possession: a. of people as י׳’s possession Dt 32:9 (‖ חֶבֶל נחלתו); but especially b. of י׳ as possession of his servants: of priests, as enjoying perquisites of altar Nu 18:20 (P; ‖ נחלה), in spiritual sense ψ 73:26; 119:57; La 3:24; י׳ מְנָת חֶלְקִי ψ 16:5; ח׳ בְּאֶרֶץ הַחַיִּים 142:6; hence ח׳ יעקב of י׳ Je 10:16 = 51:19 (שֵׁבֶט נַחֲלָתוֹ in ‖ cl.)
4. chosen portion, habitual mode of life עִם־מְנָאֲפִים ח׳ ψ 50:18 with adulterers is thy chosen life (companionship, shewing character); בְּחַלְּקֵי־נַחַל חֶלְקֵךְ Is 57:6 among smooth (things i.e. stones) of a brook-bed is thy chosen life (of idolatrous habit; v. חָלָק); חֶלְקָם בַּחַיִּים ψ 17:14.
5. portion, award, from God ח׳ אֱלוֹהַּ Jb 31:2 (‖ נחלה); specif. of punishment of wicked Is 17:14 (‖ גּוֹרָל), עִם־אֵל Jb 27:13, מֵאֱלֹהִים 20:29 (‖ נחלה); = profit, reward, חֶלְקִי מִכָּל־עֲמָלִי Ec 2:10, cf. v 21; 3:22 5:17, 18; 9:9.—לְחֵלֶק Jb 17:5 is dub.: a share of feast, or of booty, Kmp Hi; a prey, spoil, Ew Di Da; AV flattery does not suit context.BDB חֵ֫לֶק.2
† [חַלֻּק] adj. smooth, only pl. cstr. חַלֻּקֵי אֲבָנִים 1 S 17:40 smooth ones of (among) stones = smooth (or smoothest?) stones Ges§§ 132 P 2. 133, 3 DrSm.BDB חַלֻּק.2
† I. חָלַק vb. divide, share (NH id.; Aramaic חֲלַק field, חוּלְּקָא portion, ܚܠܰܩ divide, determine, decree; Arabic خَلَقَ measure, measure off; Assyrian eḳlu, possession, field, JägerBAS ii. 296; Ethiopic ኈለቈ: i. 2, is enumerate, ኍልቍ, ኊለቅ enumeration, number)—
Qal Pf. ח׳ Dt 4:19 + 5 times; חָֽלְקוּ Jos 18:2; Impf. יַחֲלֹק Jb 27:17 Pr 17:2; 2 ms. sf. וַתַּחְלְקֵם Ne 9:22; 3 pl. וַיַּחְלְקוּ Jos 14:5; יַחֲלֹ֑קוּ 1 S 30:24; וַיַּחְלְקוּם 1 Ch 24:4, 5; תַּחְלְקוּ 2 S 19:30; Imv. חִלְקוּ Jos 22:8; Inf. לַחֲלֹק Ne 13:13; Pt. חוֹלֵק Pr 29:24;— 1. divide, apportion, sq. acc. (of gods) and לְ pers. Dt 4:19; 29:25; acc. not expressed Ne 13:13 (ref. to offerings and tithes); c. acc. (of land) Jos 14:5 (P), 18:2 (JE), 2 S 19:30: obj. people Ne 9:22; ח׳ עִם divide with others Jos 22:8 (D?). 2. assign, distribute: Levites over (על) temple 2 Ch 23:18, cf. 1 Ch 24:4, 5. 3. assign, impart, sq. בַּבִּינָה & לְ Jb 39:17. 4. share (in), sq. acc. silver Jb 27:17; inheritance Pr 17:2; spoil 1 S 30:24 (obj. om.); sq. עם have shares with ח׳ עם גַּנָּב Pr 29:24. 5. divide up = plunder the temple, sq. acc. 2 Ch 28:21 (v. Be).
Niph. Impf. יֵחָלֵק Nu 26:55 1 K 16:21; יֵחָ֫לֶק Jb 38:24; וַיֵּחָלֵק Gn 14:15; 3 fs. תֵּחָלֵק Nu 26:53; 26:56; וַיֶּֽחָלְקֵם (Baer) 1 Ch 23:6; 24:3 cf. Be & infr. sub Pi.;— 1. reflex., divide oneself Gn 14:15 (i.e. one’s men). 2. pass. be divided: a. apportioned, the land Nu 26:53, 55 (by lot) v 56 (id.); all P. b. of people, divided into two factions 1 K 16:21. c. of light, parted, spread abroad Jb 38:24. 3. trans. assign, distribute 1 Ch 23:6; 24:3, but trans. Niph. is unlikely, v. infr.
Pi. Pf. 3 pl. חִלֵּקוּ Jo 4:2; וְחִלַּקְתֶּם consec. Ez 47:21; sf. חִלְּקָם La 4:16; 3 fs. sf. חִלְּקַ֫תָּה Is 34:17; 2 ms. sf. וְחִלַּקְתָּם Ex 5:1;—Impf. יְחַלֵּק Gn 49:27 + 4 times, etc.; prob. read יְחַלְּקֵם 1 Ch 23:6; 24:3 (v. supr. Niph.), etc.; Imv. חַלֵּק Jos 13:7; Inf. חַלֵּק Jos 19:51 Pr 16:19; sf. חַלְּקָם Is 9:2— 1. divide, apportion: food, at festival 2 S 6:19, sq. acc. & לְ = 1 Ch 16:3, garments ψ 22:19, sorrows Jb 21:17 (no לְ); give a portion to, sq. לְ (no acc. expr.) Is 53:12; a land Jo 4:2 (no ind. obj.) Jos 19:51 (P), also Mi 2:4, ψ 60:8 = 108:8, Dn 11:39; sq. acc. & לְ Jos 13:7; 18:10 1 K 18:6 Is 34:17 Ez 47:21; divide hair (symbol.) Ez 5:1; divide spoil (שָׁלָל) Is 9:2 Pr 16:19 Gn 49:27 (poem), Ex 15:9 (song); Ju 5:30 ψ 68:13 Is 53:12. 2. assign, distribute: Levites to their service, prob. 1 Ch 23:6; 24:3 (v. supr.) 3. scatter, sq. acc. Gn 49:7 (poem) (‖ הפיץ), La 4:16.
Pu. Pf. חֻלַּק Is 33:23; וְחֻלַּק consec. Zc 14:1; Impf. 3 fs. תְּחֻלָּ֑ק Am 7:17; be divided, of land Am 7:17; spoil Is 33:23 Zc 14:1.
Hithp. Pf. וְהִתְחַלְּקוּ consec. Jos 18:5 divide (land) among themselves.
Hiph. Inf. לַחֲלִק Je 37:12; to receive a portion (denom. from חֵלֶק), but dub.BDB חָלַק.2
† חָלָק adj. smooth—
1. lit. אִישׁ חָלָק Gn 27:11 (J), smooth man (opp. אישׁ שָׂעִר); הָהָר הֶחָלָק Jos 11:17; 12:7 the bald mt. (both D); southern limit of Jos.’s conquest, identif. dub.; (1) white cliffs 8 m. S. of Dead Sea, and (2) Mt. Mâdara SW. from Pass es-Ṣafâ are proposed, v. Di.; as subst. חַלְּקֵי־נַחַל Is 57:6 (v. i. חֵלָק, 4) smooth (stones) of a brook-bed (ravine, wady), i.e. thou worshippest common round stones (contempt., v. Che Di).
2. fig. of mouth uttering smooth words וְחָלָק מִשֶּׁמֶן חִכָּהּ Pr 5:3 cf. 26:28.
3. as subst. = flattery מִקְסַם חָלָק Ez 12:24 divination of flattery or of a flatterer.BDB חָלָק.2
† II. חֵ֫לֶק n.pr.m. (portion) a Gileadite Nu 26:30; Jos 17:2. 𝔊 Χελεγ, (κ), Κελεζ, etc.; 𝔊L Jos 17:2 Ελεκ.BDB חֵ֫לֶק².2
II. חָלַק vb. be smooth, slippery (NH adj. חָלָק smooth, empty, Arabic خَلَقَ make smooth, lie, forge, fabricate)—
Qal Pf. ח׳ Ho 10:2; 3 mpl. חָֽלְקוּ ψ 55:22;—smooth, slippery, only fig.: Ho 10:2 of heart of faithless Isr. (so Ew Ke Wü Now RVm), We false; > Vrss (not 𝔊) Hi St who read חֻלַּק, divided is their heart; 𝔊 ἐμέρισαν; of words, smooth ψ 55:22 i.e. deceptive (‖ רַכּוּ דְבָרָיו מִשֶּׁמֶן).
Hiph. Pf. הֶחֱלִיק ψ 36:3, הֶחֱלִיקָה Pr 2:16; 7:5; Impf. יַחֲלִיקוּן ψ 5:10; Pt. מַחֲלִיק Pr 28:23 + 2 times; make smooth: 1. lit. of idol-maker Is 41:7 c. acc. instr. פַּטִּישׁ hammer. 2. fig. the tongue, i.e. flatter with it ψ 5:10; Pr 28:23, words, Pr 2:16; 7:5 אֲמָרֶיהָ הֶחֱלִיקָה; abs. deal smoothy, sq. אֶל־ ψ 36:3, עַל Pr 29:5.BDB חָלַק².2
† III. חֵ֫לֶק n.[m.] smoothness, seductiveness of speech, only sg. cstr. בְּחֵלֶק שְׂפָתֶיהָ תַּדִּיחֶ֑נּוּ Pr 7:21 with the seductiveness of her lips she impelleth him (‖ הִטַּתּוּ בְּרֹב לִקְחָהּ).—i. and ii. חֵלֶק v. sub I. חלק.BDB חֵ֫לֶק³.2
† [חֲלַקָּה] n.f. smoothness, flattery, only pl. abs.: fine promises, יַחֲנִיף בַּחֲלַקּ֑וֹת Dn 11:32 (perhaps directly from חָלָק, exceptional pl., cf. גְּמַלִּים, קְטַנָּה, קְטַנִּים, קְטַנּוֹת).BDB חֲלַקָּה.2
† [חֲלֻקָּה] n.f. part, portion, חֲלֻקַּת בֵּית־אָב לַלְוִיִּם 2 Ch 35:5.BDB חֲלֻקָּה.2
† I. חֶלְקָה n.f. portion of ground;—abs. ח׳ Am 4:7(×2) + 8 times; cstr. חֶלְקַת Gn 33:19 + 12 times; sf. חֶלְקָתִי Je 12:10; חֶלְקָתָם Jb 24:18; portion of ground,
1. especially a. ח׳ הַשָּׂדֶה = the clearly divided field Gn 33:19 Jos 24:32 (both E), 2 S 23:11, Ru 2:3; 4:3, 2 K 9:25, 1 Ch 11:13. Also b. without השׂדה Am 4:7(×2), 2 S 14:30;(×2), 31; 23:12; 2 K 3:19, 25; 9:21, 26(×2) 1 Ch 11:14 Jb 24:18; of י׳’s land Je 12:10(×2) (‖ כַּרְמִי); cf. also n.pr.loc. חלקת הַצֻּרִים 2 S 2:16 field of sword-edges (Dr). 𝔊 EwG iii. 156, Eng. tr. 114 We read ח׳ הַצֹּדִים field of plotters or liers-in-wait (v. Dr).
2. portion of ground assigned to one, ח׳ מחקק Dt 33:21 commander’s portion.BDB חֶלְקָה.2
† II. [חֶלְקָה] n.f. smooth part, smoothness, flattery;—cstr. חֶלְקַת Gn 27:16; Pr 6:24; pl. חֲלָקוֹת ψ 12:3 + 3 times;—
1. smoothness, smooth part חֶלְקַת צַוָּארָיו Gn 27:16.
2. pl. slippery places ψ 73:18 fig. of situation of wicked.
3. smoothness = flattery שְׂפַת ח׳ ψ 12:3, cf. v 4; חֶלְקַת לָשׁוֹן Pr 6:24; = subst. pl. smooth things, i.e. agreeable, flattering things Is 30:10.—i. חֶלְקָה v. sub I. חלק.BDB חֶלְקָה².2
† חֶלְקִי adj.gent. of foreg.; only c. art. as subst. coll. after מִשְׁפַּחַת Nu 26:30.BDB חֶלְקִי.2
† חֶלְקָ֑י n.pr.m. priest, time of Joiakim son of Jeshua, Ne 12:15 (perhaps abbrev. for חלקיהו, (q.v.), 𝔊L Χελκιας (B om.)BDB חֶלְקָ֑י.2
† חִלְקִיָּהוּ, חִלְקִיָּה n.pr.m. (my portion is י׳) 𝔊 usually Χελκ(ε)ιας, Χελχιας;—
1. father of Eliakim, Hezekiah’s officer, חלקיהו 2 K 18:18, 26; Is 22:20; 36:3, 22; חלקיה 2 K 18:37.
2. high priest, Josiah’s time, חלקיהו 2 K 22:4, 8, 14; 23:4, 24; 2 Ch 34:9, 14, 15(×2), 18, 20, 22; חלקיה 2 K 22:8, 10, 12 1 Ch 5:39(×2) 9:11; 2 Ch 35:8; Ezr 7:1, cf. also Ne 11:11.
3. חלקיהו father of Jerem. Je 1:1.—The foll. are all חלקיה:
4. Levites: a. 1 Ch 6:30. b. 1 Ch 26:11.
5. a priest, contemp. of Ezra Ne 4:8; 12:7, 21.
6. father of Gemariah, an ambassador of Zedekiah to Nebuchadrezzar Je 29:3.BDB חִלְקִיָּהוּ.2
† חֲלַקְלַקּוֹת n.pl.f.abstr. smoothness, slipperiness, flattery, fine promises;
1. slipperiness יהי־דרכם חשׁך וַחֲלַקְלַקֹּת ψ 35:6; יהיה דרכם להם כַּחֲלַקְלַקּוֹת Je 23:12.
2. fine promises והחזיק מלכוּת בַּחֲלַקְלַקּוֹת Dn 11:21; cf. 11:34.BDB חֲלַקְלַקּוֹת.2
† חֶלְקָ֫ת n.pr.loc. (portion, possession) city in Asher Jos 21:31, 𝔊 Χελκατ, A Θελκαθ, 𝔊L Χαλκαθ, = חֶלְקַת 19:25 𝔊 Ελεκεθ, A Χελκαθ, 𝔊L Ελκαθ.BDB חֶלְקָ֫ת.2
† חֶלְקַת הַצֻּרִים n.pr.loc. a place near pool of Gibeon where Ishbosheth’s men were killed by Dvd.’s men under Joab 2 S 2:16, 𝔊 Μέρις τῶν ἐπιβούλων; on meaning of name v. i חֶלְקָה supr.BDB חֶלְקַת הַצֻּרִים.2
† חַלָּשׁ adj. weak, only c. art. as subst., הַחַלָּשׁ יאמר גבור אני Jo 4:10 the weak, let him say, I am a mighty man.BDB חַלָּשׁ.2
† [חָלַשׁ] vb.
1. be weak, prostrate. 2. (si vera l.) weaken, disable, prostrate (Aramaic חֲלַשׁ be weak; ܚܰܠܳܫ, חַלָּשׁ weak, as in Heb.; Arabic مُحْلِس poor (Frey))—
Qal Impf. וַיַּחֲלֹשׁ Ex 17:13, וַיֶּחֱלָ֑שׁ Jb 14:10; Pt. חוֹלֵשׁ Is 14:12; 1. וגבר ימות ויח׳ Jb 14:10 but man dieth and is prostrate. 2. disable, prostrate, sq. acc. pers. Ex 17:13 (E; point as Hiph.?); sq. עַל pers. (strangely) Is 14:12.BDB חָלַשׁ.2
III. חַם adj. warm, hot, v. sub חמם.BDB חַם.2
† I. חָם n.pr.pers.m. and loc. (cf. Sab. חם Hal243)—𝔊 Χαμ:—
1. Ham, 2nd son of Noah Gn 5:32; 6:10; 7:13; 9:18(×2) 1 Ch 1:4; called father of Canaan Gn 9:22 and of various peoples 10:1, 6, 20 1 Ch 1:8, cf. מִן־חָם הַיֹּשְׁבִים שָׁם 4:40; these peoples were inhabitants of southern lands, or related historically or politically to such inhabitants; v. כּוּשׁ, כְּנַעַן, מִצְרַיִם, פּוּט, etc.
2. in late ψψ a name (coll.) for Egyptians:—אָֽהֳלֵי־ח׳ ψ 78:51; אֶרֶץ־ח׳ 105:23, 27; 106:22 (all ‖ מִצְרַיִם, exc. 105:27).—On historical significance, and attempts at etymol. v. Di Gen. ed. 6, chap. 10, especially pp. 165, 168 f., Hom SV i. 427 BuUrg. 323 WiedemannÄgypt. Gesch. i. 22.BDB חָם.2
חֹם v. sub חמם.BDB חֹם.2
† III. חַם adj. hot;—לחם חָ֞ם Jos 9:12 hot bread (JE), i.e. freshly baked; בגדים חַמִּים Jb 37:17 of garments heated by south wind.—1. חָם v. supr. p. 325. 2. חָם v. sub חמה.BDB חַם².2
II. חָם husband’s father, v. חמה.BDB חָם².2
† חֹם n.m.Je 17:8 heat;—חֹם abs. Gn 8:22 + 3 times + 1 S 21:7 (v. infrom); cstr. Gn 18:1 + 3 times; of heat of (mid-)day חֹם היום Gn 18:1 (J), 1 S 11:11; 2 S 4:5; in promise of regular seasons Gn 8:22 (opp. קֹר); cf. Is 18:4(×2) (ח׳ קָצִיר); but as dangerous to plant-life Je 17:8; it melts snow Jb 24:19; לֶחֶם חֹם 1 S 21:7 bread of heat = hot bread, read perhaps ל׳ חָם (as Jos 9:12).BDB חֹם².2
† II. [חָם] n.m. husband’s father (NH id., of husband’s or wife’s father, so Aramaic חֲמָא; Arabic حَمٌّ husband’s male relation (father, brother, paternal uncle), but also wife’s father, etc.; Ethiopic ሐም Assyrian emu, ZimBP 48);—only sf. חָמִ֫יךָ Gn 38:13, 25, of Judah as Tamar’s father-in-law; חָמִ֫יהָ 1 S 4:19, 21 of Eli, father-in-law of Phinehas’ wife.BDB חָם³.2
חמא (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic خَمَا be hard, used of curdled milk, Frey).BDB חמא.2
† חמָא v. חֵמָה sub יחם.BDB חמָא.2
† חֶמְאָה n.f. curd;—ח׳ Gn 18:8 + 6 times; = חֵמָה Jb 29:6; cstr. חֶמְאַח Dt 32:14; curd, curdled milk, mod. leben on mode of making lebben, by shaking milk in sour milk-skin, v. DoughtyArabic Des. i. 221, 263; ii. 304, etc. Thomson Land and Book ii. 418. See also ARSKEncy. Bib. Milk. מִיץ חָלָב יוֹצִיא ח׳ Pr 30:33, elsewhere joined with חָלָב Gn 18:8 (J) Dt 32:14 (poem; חֶמְאַת בָּקָר וַחֲלֵב צֹאן), Ju 5:25 (where served בְּסֵפֶל אַדִּירִים, v. ספל); with דְּבַשׁ 2 S 17:29 Is 7:15, 22(×2); cf. נַחֲלֵי דבשׁ וח׳ fig. of abundance Jb 20:17; בִּרְחֹץ הֲלִיכַי בְּחֵמָ֑ה Jb 29:6 (‖ צוּר יָצוּק פַּלְגֵי־שָֽׁמֶן׃). מַחֲמָאֹת.BDB חֶמְאָה.2
† חֶ֫מֶד n.[m.] desire, delight—abs. ח׳ Am 5:11 + 4 times; only after a cstr.; כַּרְמֵי־ח׳ נְטַעְתֶּם Am 5:11 vineyards of desire (i.e. delightful vineyards) have ye planted; so read also Is 27:2 (for MT כֶּרֶם חֶמֶר) Codd. ℌ 𝔊 van d. H. Lo Hi Ew De Di Che Du; so of fields שְׂדֵי ח׳ Is 32:12; elsewhere of young men בַּחוּרֵי ח׳ Ez 23:6, 12, 23 desirable young men = fine, attractive, young men.BDB חֶ֫מֶד.2
† חָמֵד vb. desire, take pleasure in (Aramaic חֲמַד; Syriac ܬܚܡܘܕܐ; Arabic حَمِدَ praise, eulogize, approve of; Sab. חמדם in gratitude [praise] there-for DHMZMG 1875, 595; 1876, 686)—
Qal Pf. ח׳ ψ 68:17 Pr 12:12; חָֽמְדוּ Pr 1:22; וְחָֽמְדוּ consec. Mi 2:2; חֲמַדְתֶּם Is 1:29; Impf. יַחְמֹד Ex 34:24; 2 ms. תַּחְמֹד Ex 20:17(×2) + 3 times (incl. Pr 6:25 juss.); sf. וָאֶחְמְדֵם Jos 7:21; וְנֶחְמְדֵ֫הוּ Is 53:2; Pt. pass. חֲמוּדוֹ ψ 39:12 Jb 20:20, חֲמוּדֵיהֶם Is 44:9;—desire: a. in bad sense of inordinate, ungoverned, selfish desire, sq. acc. Ex 20:17(×2) (E) = Dt 5:18 (v 18 b has תִּתְאַוֶּה), Ex 34:24 (JE) Dt 7:25; Jos 7:21; (JE) Mi 2:2; Pr 12:12; of lustful desire Pr 6:25. b. = take pleasure in, of idolatrous tendency Is 1:29, so pt. pl. חֲמוּרֵיהֵם Is 44:9 their delighful things (things in which they delight, v. also v 11 and BevJPh. xvii. 1888, p. 126); לֵצִים לָצוֹן חָֽמְדוּ Pr 1:22 how long do scorners delight in scorning. c. less often in good sense, said of God הָהָר חָמַד א׳ לְשִׁבְתּוֹ, poet. ψ 68:17; obj. the suffering servant of י׳, Is 53:2 no beauty in him, that we should desire him (choose him, be drawn toward him); pt. pass. coll. חֲמוּדוֹ ψ 39:12 his desired things, i.e. chosen, choice, desirable (v. Niph.); so prob. Jb 20:20.
Niph. Pt. נֶחְמָד Gn 2:9 + 2 times; הַנֶּחֱמָדִים ψ 19:11;—desirable: עץ נ׳ לְמַרְאֶה Gn 2:9, נ׳ לְהַשְׂכִּיל 3:6, הַנֶּח׳ מִזָּהָב ψ 19:11 which are more desirable than gold; אוֹצָר נֶחְמָד Pr 21:20 desirable, i.e. costly treasure.
Pi. Pf. 1 s. delight greatly בְּצִלּוֹ ח׳ וְיָשַׁ֫בְתִּי Ct 2:3 in his shadow I greatly delighted and sat, i.e. sat with great delight.BDB חָמֵד.2
† חֶמְדָּה n.f. id.—ח׳ Ho 13:15 + 8 times; cstr. חֶמְדַּת 1 S 9:20 + 3 times; sf. חֶמְדָּתִי Je 12:10; חֶמְדָּתֵךְ Ez 26:12; חֶמְדָּתָם Dn 11:8;—desire of Israel 1 S 9:20 sq. לְ before obj. of desire; בְּלֹא ח׳ = without desire 2 Ch 21:20 (i.e. he lived as no one desired), v. Öt 𝔊 (not 𝔊L) 𝔙; concrete: כל־ח׳ ישׂראל 1 S 9:20 and for whom is all that is desirable in Isr.? so 𝔊 𝔙 RV Dr; (> AV and on whom is all the desire of Isr.?); cf. ובאו ח׳ כל־הגוים Hg 2:7 (i.e. the desirable, precious things of all nations); elsewhere after cstr. as חֶמֶד; especially כלי ח׳ Ho 13:15; Na 2:10; Je 25:34; 2 Ch 32:27; 36:10; Dn 11:8; שְׂכִיּוֹת ח׳ Is 2:16, אֶרֶץ ח׳ ψ 106:24; Je 3:19; Zc 7:14, cf. חֶלְקַת ח׳ Je 12:10; בתי ח׳ Ez 26:12; ח׳ נשׁים Dn 11:37, appar. ref. to some obj. of idolatrous worship, perhaps Adonis = Tammuz Ew Bev (Astarte, Meinh).BDB חֶמְדָּה.2
† חֶמְדָּן n.pr.m. an Edomite Gn 36:26 𝔊 Αμαδα = חַמְרָן 1 Ch 1:41 (𝔊 Εμερων, 𝔊L Αμαδαμ).BDB חֶמְדָּן.2
I. חמה (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic حَمَى protect, guard, RSK 136 LagBN 156; DlPr 91; BAS ii. 43 comp. an Assyrian emu, surround, guard, cf. Mod. Syriac ܚܡܐ id.; Ethiopic ሐመወ iii. 1 means contract affinity, be joined by affinity, prob. denom.)BDB חמה.2
חֵמָה wrath, v. sub יחם; חֵמָה Jb 29:6, v. חֶמְאָה; חַמָּה, חַמָּן, חַמּוֹן, חַמַּת v. sub חמם.BDB חֵמָה.2
† חַמָּה n.f. heat, sun (poet.)—חַמָּה Is 24:23 + 4 times; חַמָּתוֹ ψ 19:7;—
1. heat of sun ψ 19:7.
2. = sun Jb 30:28; ‖ לְבָנָה moon Is 24:23; 30:26(×2) Ct 6:10.BDB חַמָּה.2
חֵמָה (once חֵמָא)121 n.f. heat, rage (for יְחֵמָה; NH id.; Aramaic יַחְמָא poison, ܚܶܡܬܳܐ heat, wrath, poison, BrockLex. 116, also Nö§ 105; Arabic حُمَةٌ poison, Lane 651; Assyrian imtu, spittle, breath, poison, DlHWB 78 Muss-ArnoltCD 62)—abs. חֵמָה Na 1:2 + 39 times; חֵמָא †Dn 11:44; cstr. חֲמַת Gn 27:44 + 25 times; sf. חֲמָתִי Je 4:4 + 36 times; חֲמָֽתְךָ Je 10:25 + 8 times; חֲמָתֶ֑ךָ ψ 88:8; 89:47; חֲמָתוֹ Is 51:17 + 8 times; חֲמָתָם Jb 6:4; pl. חֵמוֹת Pr 22:24, חֵמֹת ψ 76:11;—
1. heat: a. fever, חֲמַת מִיַּיִן Ho 7:5 fever from wine, wine-fever (on st. cstr. v. Ges§ 130, 1). b. venom, poison (fig.): חֲמַת זֹחֲלֵי עָפָר Dt 32:24; ח׳ תַּנִּינִים v 33; ח׳ נָחָשׁ ψ 58:5 cf. v 5; ח׳ עַכְשׁוּב ψ 140:4; poison of arrows (of י׳) Jb 6:4.
2. burning anger, rage: a. of man: Gn 27:44 (J), 2 S 11:20 2 K 5:12 Est 1:12; 2:1; 3:5; 5:9 (against, עַל), 7:7, 10 ψ 37:8 (‖ אַף), 76:11 (yet on text v. Che), Pr 6:34; 15:1, 18 (אִישׁ חֵמָה man of rage = raging or wrathful man), 16:4; 19:19 (גְּדָל־ח׳ Qr = one great in rage, v. De Now), 27:4 (‖ אַף), Is 51:13(×2) Ez 23:25; אִישׁ חֵמוֹת Pr 22:24 (‖ בַּעַל אָ֑ף); בַּעַל חֵמָה 29:22 (‖ אִישׁ אַף); חֵמָה עַזָּה strong rage Pr 21:14 (‖ אַף); חֲמַת רוּחִי Ez 3:14 the rage of my spirit. b. of the he-goat in Daniel’s vision, בַּחֲמַת כֹּחוֹ Dn 8:6 in the fury of his power. c. of God (י׳), often Je Is 2 Ez ψ: Je 4:4 + 16 times Je; 2 K 22:13, 17 Is 27:4 (Hi Ew Di Du; on other interpr., and on text v. Di), 63:5 La 2:4 Ez 5:13 + 29 times Ez; Nu 25:11 (P), 2 Ch 12:7; 34:21, 25; 36:16 ψ 59:14; 79:6; 88:8; 89:47; 106:23 Jb 21:20; appar. also 19:29; 36:18 v Di; often ‖ אַף, Mi 5:14 Dt 9:19; 29:22 Is 42:25 (אַפּוֹ as appos., + עֱזוּז מִלְחָמָה), 63:3, 6 Dn 9:16 ψ 6:2; 78:38; 90:7; לְהָשִׁיב בְּחֵמָה אַפּוֹ Is 66:15 (‖ וְגַעֲרָתוֹ בְּלַהֲבֵי־אֵשׁ), Je 23:19; 30:23 of the whirlwind of י׳; ‖ אַף + קֶצֶף גָּדוֹל Dt 29:27 Je 21:5; 32:37; ‖ אַף + תֹּכְחוֹת חֵמָה Ez 5:15, cf. תּוֹכְחוֹת חֵמָה alone 25:17; ‖ חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ Na 1:6 La 4:11; ‖ קֶצֶף Is 34:2 (of fury against, על), ψ 38:2; ‖ גְּעָרָה Is 51:20; ‖ גְּמוּל 59:18; ‖ קִנְאָה Ez 36:6, cf. חֵמָה גְדוֹלָה קִנֵּאתִי Zc 8:2 (‖ קִנְאָה גדולה); דַּם חֵמָה וְקִנְאָה Ez 16:38 (on text v. Co); חֲמַת קֶ֑רִי Lv 26:28 rage of meeting, i.e. encountering them in rage; כּוֹס חֲמָתוֹ(-תִי) Is 51:17, 22 the cup of his (my) fury; כּוֹס הַיַּיִן הַחֵמָה הַזּאֹת Je 25:15; בַּעַל חֵמָה a possessor of fury = furious Na 1:2 (‖ נֹקֵם, אֵל קִנּוֹא). [חֵמָה עַל = rage against one: Is 34:2 2 Ch 28:9.—Vbs. used with חֵמָה are: 2. a.: שׁוּב Gn 27:44, הֵשִׁיב Pr 15:1, עָלָה 2 S 11:20, בָּעַר Est 1:12, שָׁכַךְ 2:1; 7:10; 2. c.: הֵשִׁיב turn away wrath of י׳ Nu 25:11 ψ 106:23 Je 18:20 (but הָשִׁיב בְּחֵמָה אַפּוֹ Is 66:15 to recompense his anger in fury, give it as requital); ח׳ י׳ is kindled against one יצת ב Niph. 2 K 22:13, 17; it burns בָּֽעֲרָה Je 4:4; 21:12; 44:6 ψ 89:47; arises עלה 2 Ch 36:16, cf. as obj. of עלה Hiph. Ez 24:8; is poured out נִתְּכָה בְ 2 Ch 12:7; 34:21, 25 Je 7:20; נִתְּכָה עַל 42:18(×2); 44:6; נִתְּכָה כָאֵשׁ Na 1:6; י׳ pours it out שָׁפַךְ אֶל ψ 79:6; שָׁפַךְ עַל Is 42:25 Je 10:25 Ez 7:8; 9:8; 14:19; 16:38 (according to Co’s conject.), 20:8, 13, 21; 22:22; 30:15; 36:18; שָׁפַךְ כָּאֵשׁ La 2:4; חֵמָה שְׁפוּכָה Ez 20:33, 34; הֵנִיחַ ח׳ בְ bring to rest (i.e. satisfy) one’s fury upon Ez 5:13; 16:42; 24:13; כִּלָּה ח׳ La 4:11; + בְּ Ez 5:13 I have accomplished my fury upon them (in their case), 6:12; 13:15.]BDB חֵמָה².2
חַמּוּאֵל n.pr.m. v. sub חמם.BDB חַמּוּאֵל.2
† חַמּוּאֵל n.pr.m. (meaning? comp. Sab. חמא[ל] Hal215)—a Simeonite 1 Ch 4:26 𝔊L Αμουηλ.BDB חַמּוּאֵל².2
† [חֲמוּדָה] n.f. desirableness, preciousness—Pl. abs. חֲמוּדוֹת Dn 9:23; חֲמוּדֹת Ezr 8:37; חֲמֻדוֹת 2 Ch 20:25 + 4 times; חֲמֻדֹת Gn 27:15; cstr. חֲמֻדוֹת Dn 11:43;—desirable, choice things i.e. garments Gn 27:15 (‖ בגדים); cf. Dn 11:38 (‖ אבן יקרה), 11:43 (חֲמֻדוֹת מִצְרַיִם); = precious things Ezr 8:27 (as gold); כלי ח׳ 2 Ch 20:25; לֶחֶם ח׳ Dn 10:3; of man only אִיֹשׁ־ח׳ Dn 10:11, 19, and, without אישׁ, ח׳ אָ֑תָּה Dn 9:23 thou art a precious treasure (on construction v. Dr§ 189, 2; v. Bev and cf. neg. חמד Is 53:2).BDB חֲמוּדָה.2
† חֲמוּטַל Qr, חמיטל Kt, n.pr.f. (meaning dub.; perhaps, if Kt right, my husband’s father is the dew, cf. אֲבִיטַל)—𝔊 Αμειται, Μιτατ; A Αμιταλ, Αμιταθ; 𝔊L Αμιταλ;—mother of the kings Jehoahaz and Zedekiah, sons of Josiah 2 K 23:31; 24:18 Qr (Kt חמיטל) = Je 52:1 Qr (Kt id.)BDB חֲמוּטַל.2
† חָמוּל n.pr.m. (spared);—grandson of Judah Gn 46:12 = 1 Ch 2:5, Nu 26:1; 𝔊 Ιεμουηλ, [Ι]αμουηλ.BDB חָמוּל.2
† חָמוּלִי adj.gent. of foreg.; only c. art. הֶחָ׳, as subst. coll. Nu 26:21.BDB חָמוּלִי.2
† חַמּוֹן n.pr.loc. (hot spring?)—
1. town in Asher Jos 19:28.
2. in Naphtali 1 Ch 6:61 (perhaps = 1. חַמַּת, חַמַּת דֹּאר, v. Be and Di Jos 19:35).BDB חַמּוֹן.2
† חָמוֹץ n.[m.] coll. the ruthless—only אַשְּׁרוּ ח׳ Is 1:17 set right the ruthless, so Hi Ew Kn De Che Di; Vrss give passive (perhaps חָמוּץ) hence AV relieve the oppressed; but on form חָמוֹץ = doer of action v. Ew§ 152 b.BDB חָמוֹץ.2
† [חַמּוּק] n.m. curving, curve, חַמּוּקֵי יְרֵכַיִךְ Ct 7:2 the curvings (curved lines, curves) of thy thighs.BDB חַמּוּק.2
† I. חֲמוֹר n.[m.] heap, abs. ח׳ with du. חֲמֹרָתָ֑יִם (Baer חֲמֹרֹת׳), as if from חֲמֹרָה;—בִּלְחִי הַחֲמוֹר חֲמוֹר חֲמֹרָתָ֑יִם Ju 15:16 with the ass’s jawbone, a heap, two heaps, i.e. so many slain.BDB חֲמוֹר.2
† II. חֲמוֹר n.m. Gn 45:23 (he)-ass (NH id. (sometimes female, but this regularly חֲמוֹרָה); Aramaic חֲמָרָא, ܚܡܳܪܳܐ; Arabic حِمَارٌ, Palm. חמרא ReckendorfZMG 1888, 404; Assyrian imêru, SchrCOT Gloss.;—name from reddish colour)—abs. חֲמוֹר Gn 22:5 + 43 times; חֲמֹר Ex 13:13 Dt 22:10; cstr. חֲמוֹר Ex 23:5 + 4 times; חֲמֹר Gn 49:14; sf. חֲמֹרְךָ Dt 5:14; 28:31; חֲמֹרֶ֑ךָ Ex 23:12; חֲמֹרוֹ Gn 22:3 + 8 times; pl. חֲמוֹרִים Ju 19:10 + 9 times; חֲמֹרִים Gn 12:16 + 16 times; sf. חֲמוֹרֵינוּ Ju 19:19; חֲמֹרֵינוּ Gn 43:18; חֲמוֹרֵיכֶם 1 S 8:16; חֲמֹרֵיהֶם Gn 34:28 + 4 times; חֲמוֹרֵיהֶם Jos 9:4;—ass (he-ass; אתון = she-ass) found in all periods (coll. only Gn 32:6 Is 21:7);—
1. as (valuable) property, with oxen, sheep, camels, slaves, etc. Gn 12:16; 24:35; 30:43; 47:17 Ex 9:3 (all J) Ex 20:17 (E), 21:23; 22:3, 8, 9; 23:4, 5, 12; Nu 16:15; Jos 6:21; 7:24 (all JE); note also Ex 13:13 = 34:20 (JE; firstlings belongs to י׳); Gn 36:24; Nu 31:28, 30, 34, 39, 45 (all P); Dt 5:14, 18; 22:3, 4; 28:31; Ju 6:4; 1 S 8:16; 12:3; 15:3; 22:19; 27:9; 1 Ch 5:21 Ezr 2:67 = Ne 7:68 (Baer), Zc 14:15; coll. Gn 32:5 (J; ‖ שׁוֹר, צֹאן, עֶבֶד, שִׁפְחָה), but pl. (similar ‖) Gn 34:28 (P), 47:17 (J); cf. also ח׳ יְתוֹמִים 24:3 the orphans’ ass (‖ שׁוֹר אַלְמָנָה); as knowing its master’s crib Is 1:3 (‖ שׁוֹר); found in camp 2 K 7:7, 10 (both ‖ סוּסִים); as harnessed מֶתֶג לַח׳ Pr 26:3 (‖ סוּם).
2. used for riding: a. by women Ex 4:20 (J), Jos 15:18 (JE) = Ju 1:14; 1 S 25:20, 23, 42, cf. 2 Ch 28:15. b. by men 2 S 16:2; 17:23; 19:27; 1 K 2:40; 13:13(×2), 23, 24, 27, 28(×2) Is 21:7; Zc 9:9. c. צֶמֶד חמורים a pair of asses 2 S 16:1 (for burdens and for riding); for man and woman Ju 19:3, 10, 19, 21; carrying dead body v 28, cf. ח׳ 1 K 13:29.
3. beast of burden Gn 22:3, 5 (cf. v 6), 42:26, 27; 45:23 (all E) 43:18, 24; 44:3, 13 (all J), Jos 9:4 (JE), 1 S 25:18; 1 Ch 12:41; Ne 13:15 (cf. also צֶמֶד ח׳ 2 S 16:1 supr.); metaph. of Issachar ח׳ גָּ֑רֶם Gn 49:14 (poem), an ass of (strong) bones.—ח׳ לֶחֶם 1 S 16:20 read prob. חֲמִשָּׁה five, or better עֲשָׂרָה ten, v. We Dr.
4. used in tillage Is 32:20; not to be used in ploughing with an ox (שׁוֹר) Dt 22:10.
5. parts of body of ass mentioned are: לְחִי ח׳ Ju 15:15, 16 jawbone, Samson’s weapon; רֹאשׁ ח׳ 2 K 6:25 eaten in famine; בְּשַׂר ח׳ Ez 23:20 genital organ of ass (contempt. sim.)
6. קְבוּרַת ח׳ Je 22:19 burial of an ass, in fig. of ignominious treatment of a corpse. Also she-ass 2 S 19:27 (cf. Mishn. AZ. vi).BDB חֲמוֹר².2
† III. חֲמוֹר n.pr.m. father of Shechem (he-ass; v. RSK 220; Sem i. 449)—Gn 33:19; 34:2, 4, 6, 8, 13, 18(×2), 20, 24, 26; Jos 24:32; Ju 9:28.BDB חֲמוֹר³.2
† [חָמוֹת] n.f. husband’s mother (NH חָמוֹת, Aramaic חֲמָתָא; Arabic حَمَاةٌ husband’s mother; Assyrian emêtu, ZimBP 48; Ethiopic ሐማት: )—only sf. חֲמוֹתֵךְ Ru 2:11; 3:17; חֲמוֹתָהּ Ru 1:14 + 7 times; חֲמֹתָהּ Mi 7:6;—of Naomi Ru 1:14; 2:11, 18, 19(×2), 23; 3:1, 6, 16, 17; בַּת קָמָ֫ה בְאִמָּ֔הּ כַּלָּה בַּחֲמֹתָהּ Mi 7:6.BDB חָמוֹת.2
חָמוֹת v. sub חמה supr.BDB חָמוֹת².2
חמט (√ of foll.; cf Assyrian ḫamâṭu, hasten, PräZMG 1874, 88 ff., ḫamṭu, swift, ZimBP 84 n.; Aramaic חֲמַט, חֲמֵיט is sink or fall to the ground, kneel).BDB חמט.2
† חֹ֫מֶט n.[m.] a kind of lizard, only in list of unclean creeping animals Lv 11:30 וְהָאֲנָקָה וְהַכֹּחַ וְהַלְּטָאָ֑ה וְהַחֹמֶט וְהַתִּנְשָֽׁמֶת׃ (Aramaic ܚܽܘܠܡܳܛܳܐ is chameleon).BDB חֹ֫מֶט.2
† חֻמְטָה n.pr.loc. city in Judah Jos 15:54, 𝔊 Εὐμα, 𝔊L Αμματα; site unknown.BDB חֻמְטָה.2
חֲמִיטַל v. חמוטל supr.BDB חֲמִיטַל.2
† חָמִיץ adj. seasoned (viz. with salt, or a salt herb—Arabic حَمْضٌ, Pun. Ἀμουτ [= חמוץ] BlauZMG 1873, 522; v. Thes—rendering it more tasty), of provender for cattle בְּלִיל חָמִיץ יֹאכֵ֑לוּ Is 30:24.BDB חָמִיץ.2
† חֲמִישִׁי m. חֲמִישִׁית f.adj.num.ordin. fifth;—m. חֲמִישִׁי Gn 1:23 + 22 times; חֲמִשִׁי Zc 7:3 + 3 times; f. חֲמִישִׁית abs. 1 K 14:25 + 4 times; חֲמִשִׁית Lv 19:25; Je 36:9; חֲמִשִּׁית 1 K 6:31; cstr. חֲמִישִׁית Lv 27:15, 19; sf. חֲמִישִׁתוֹ Lv 5:16 + 2 times; חֲמִשִׁיתוֹ Lv 22:14; 27:31; חֲמִשִׁתוֹ Lv 27:27, cf. חֲמִשִׁתָיו Lv 5:24, read תוֹ- Sam. Di (q.v.);—fifth, usually in enum. days, months, years, sons, etc.; definite, except masc. Gn 1:23; 30:17, fem. Gn 47:24; 1 6:31; Ne 6:5;—
1. m. Gn 1:23; Nu 7:36; 29:26; 33:38; Jos 19:24 (all P), Gn 30:17 (E), Ju 19:8; 2 K 25:8 Je 1:3; 28:1; 52:12; Zc 7:3; 1 Ch 27:8 Ezr 7:8, 9; noun om. 2 S 3:4; 1 Ch 2:14; 3:3; 8:2; 26:3, 4 (all of בֵּן), 1 Ch 24:9; 25:12 (גּוֹרָל), Zc 8:19 (חֹדֶשׁ), 1 Ch 27:8 (יוֹם).
2. f. Lv 19:25; 1 K 14:25 Je 36:9; Ez 1:2; 2 Ch 12:2; פַּעַם ח׳ Ne 6:5.
3. חֲמִשִּׁית 1 K 6:31 as subst. a fifth part, so חֲמִישִׁית Gn 47:24; Lv 5:16, 24; 22:14; 27:13, 27, 31; Nu 5:7; cstr. חֲמִישִׁית כֶּסֶף Lv 27:15, 19.BDB חֲמִישִׁי.2
† חָמַל vb. spare (Arabic حَمَلَ is bear, become responsible; Aramaic ܚܡܰܠ comportavit, congessit);—
Qal Pf. ח׳ 1 S 15:15 + 3 times; חָמָ֑ל 2 S 12:6; La 2:17; חָמָ֑לְתָּ La 2:21; 3:43; וְחָמַלְתִּ֫י Mal 3:17; Impf. יַחְמֹל Jb 16:13 + 6 times; יַחְמוֹל Jb 6:10 + 3 times; וַיַּחְמֹל 1 S 15:9 + 3 times; 3 fs. וַתַּחְמֹל Ex 2:6; 2 ms. תַּחְמֹל Dt 13:9 1 S 15:3; אֶחְמֹל Ez 8:18; 9:10; אֶחְמוֹל Je 13:14 + 4 times; וָאֶחְמֹל Ez 36:21; יַחְמֹ֑לוּ Is 9:18; תַּחְמְלוּ Je 50:14; 51:3; תַּחְמֹ֑לוּ Ez 9:5; Inf. cstr. חֻמְלָה Ez 16:5 (Ges§ 45. 1. b);—spare, have compassion, c. על Ex 2:6 (E), 1 S 15:3, 9, 15; 23:21; 2 S 21:7; 2 Ch 36:15, 17; Je 15:5; Ez 16:5; 36:21; Jb 20:13; Zc 11:5, 6; Mal 3:17(×2) Jo 2:18; Dt 13:9 (‖ חוס sq. על), Je 21:7 (‖ חוס sq. על + רתם), Ez 9:10 (‖ חוס sq. על according to 𝔖 𝔗 Co); sq. אֶל־ Je 51:3; Is 9:18; note poet. אַל־תַּחְ׳ אֶל־חֵץ = spare no arrow Je 50:14; sq. Inf. 2 S 12:4; abs. 2 S 12:6; Is 30:14; La 2:17, 21, also v 2 where appar. sq. acc., 3:43; Jb 6:10; 16:13; 27:22; Pr 6:34; Hb 1:17; ‖ חוס Ez 5:11; 7:4 (del. Co as doubl. of v 9), 7:9; 8:18; 9:5; Jer 13:14 (‖ אחוס and ארחם).BDB חָמַל.2
† [חֶמְלָה] n.f. compassion, mercy, of י׳ (strictly Inf. form from חמל, v. Ges§ 45, 1 b)—cstr. בְּחֶמְלַת י׳ עָלָיו Gn 19:16 (J), בְּאַהֲבָתוֹ וּבְחֶמְלָתוֹ גְאָלָם Is 63:9.BDB חֶמְלָה.2
חֻמְלָה v. חמל Inf.BDB חֻמְלָה.2
† [חָמַם] vb. be or become warm (NH id., Pi., make warm, Aramaic ܚܰܡ, חֲמַם be warm; Arabic حَمَّ become hot, of water; also heat, kindle fire in)—
Qal Pf. חַם ψ 39:4; Ex 16:21; וְחַם consec. 1 K 1:2; Ec 4:11; חַמּוֹתִ֫י Is 44:16; Impf. יָחֹם Is 44:16; וַיָּ֫חָם 2 K 4:34; Is 44:15; יִחַם (יֵ K3) 1 K 1:1; יֵחַם Dt 19:6; יֵחָ֑ם Ec 4:11; 3 fs. תֵּחַם Ez 24:11; יֵחַמּוּ Ho 7:7; וַיֶּחֱמוּ Gn 30:39; וַיֵּחַמְנָה v 38 (last seven forms could be also from יחם q.v.; but no decisive evidence that this √ is used in Qal; they are placed under חמם by Thes Ew§ 193 a Ol§ 243 b; v. also Köi. 365, 417 ff., who on account of יחם Pi. Inf. Gn 30:41; 31:10, der. last two, needlessly, from יחם); Inf. לַחְמָם Is 47:14, cf. Jb 30:4 (where, however, ל׳ is from לֶחֶם Mich Di unles (Luzz Che) we read לְחַמֵּם Pi. Inf. in both); חֹם 1 S 11:9; Hg 1:6; Ne 7:3; sf. חֻמּוֹ Jb 6:17; חֻמָּם Je 51:39;— 1. lit., be or grow warm Ex 16:21 (P; subj. שֶׁמֶשׁ), cf. 1 S 11:9; Ne 7:3 and Jb 6:17 (sf. of impers. subj.); from fire Is 44:15, 16(×2) 47:14 (cf. supr.); natural heat 1 K 1:1, 2 (by personal contact), so 2 K 4:34; Ec 4:11(×2), from clothing Hg 1:6; of Jerusalem under fig. of pot or caldron Ez 24:11. 2. fig., subj. לִבִּי ψ 39:4 (‖ בַּהֲגִיגִי תִבְעַר־אֵשׁ), cf. Dt 19:6; of conspirators Ho 7:7; Chaldeans Je 51:39. 3. of heat in conception (animals) Gn 30:38, 39 (cf. יחם).
Niph. Pt. נֵחָמִים באלים Is 57:5 (Köi.371), inflame oneself with, of idolatry.
Pi. Impf. 3 fs. תְּחַמֵּם Jb 39:14 keep eggs warm (of ostrich).
Hithp. Impf. יִתְחַמָּם warm oneself Jb 31:20 מִגֵּז כְּבָשִׂים by means of fleece of sheep.BDB חָמַם.2
† [חַמָּן] n.m. sun-pillar, used in idolatrous worship (v. Thes489 ff. RSSem, i, 485 Lag Mi, 228 NowArch. ii, 302; = Palm. חמנא VogNo. 123 a; = Cooke N. Sem. Inscr., No. 136; LzbEphem. ii. (1906), 280; Ph. לבעל חמן often as epithet of solar Baal);—only pl. abs. חַמָּנִים Is 27:9 + 4 times; sf. חַמָּנֵיכֶם Lv 26:30 + 2 times; ‖ בָּמוֹת Lv 26:30 (H), 2 Ch 14:4, cf. Ez 6:4, 6; ‖ מזבחות הבעלים 2 Ch 34:4; ‖ אשׁרים Is 17:8; 27:9; ‖ אשׁרים and פְּסִלִים 2 Ch 34:7.BDB חַמָּן.2
† [חָמַס] vb. treat violenty, wrong (NH id., act violently, treat violently; Aramaic חֲמַס (rare) violently seize; Arabic حَمِسَ is be hard, strict, rigorous)—
Qal Pf. 3 pl. חָֽמְסוּ Ez 22:26; Zp 3:4; Impf. יַחְמֹס Jb 15:33, וַיַּחְמֹם La 2:6; תַּחְמֹ֑סוּ Jb 21:27; Je 22:3; Pt. חֹמֵס Pr 8:36;—treat violently, wrong;— 1. of physical wrong: תַּחְ׳ Je 22:3 (‖ תֹּנוּ) of wrong to widows and orphans; וַיַּח׳ כַּגַּן שֻׂכּוֹ La 2:6 and hath done violence to his pavilion as to a garden (‖ שִׁחֵת מֹעֲדוֹ); so, fig., of vine, wrong, i.e. fail to nourish, kill יַח׳ כַּגֶּפֶן בִּסְרוֹ Jb 15:33. 2. of ethical wrong, obj. תּוֹרָה Zp 3:4; Ez 22:26 (both ‖ חִלֵּל קֹדֶשׁ); cf. מְזִמּוֹת עָלַי תַּחְמֹ֑סוּ Jb 21:27 the devices (wherewith) ye do me violence. 3. both physical and ethical חֹטְאִי חֹמֵס נַפְשׁוֹ Pr 8:36.
Niph. Pf. 3 pl. נֶחְמְסוּ Je 13:22 thy heels suffer violence (‖ נִגְלוּ שׁוּלַיִךְ).BDB חָמַס.2
† חָמָס n.m. ψ 7:17 violence, wrong—abs. ח׳ Gn 6:11 + 44 times; cstr. חֲמַס Ju 9:24 + 7 times; sf. חֲמָסִי Gn 16:5; Je 51:35 (in both = wrong done to me); חֲמָסוֹ ψ 7:17; pl. חֲמָסִים 2 S 22:49 + 3 times;—violence specif. of physical violence Ju 9:24; 2 S 22:3 (not ‖ ψ 18:3), Ob10, Hb 1:9; Je 51:35 (of Chaldeans), Hb 2:8, 17(×2) Jo 4:19 ψ 72:14; but also wrong, incl. injurious language, harsh treatment, etc. Gn 16:5 (J, of wrong done to Sarah by Hagar), Jb 19:7 Mal 2:16; in gen. of rude wickedness of men, their noisy, wild, ruthlessness Mi 6:12 Hb 1:2; Zp 1:9 Pr 10:6, 11; 13:2; 26:6 + Ez 7:11 (si vera l., v. Co), ‖ שֹׁד Am 3:10; Hb 1:3; Je 6:7; 20:8; Ez 45:9; Is 60:18, ‖ רִיב ψ 55:10, ‖ עָמָל 7:17, ‖ גַּאֲוָה 73:6, אֹהֵב ח׳ 11:5 (‖ רָשָׁע), denied, of servant of י׳ Is 53:9, ח׳ בארץ Je 51:46, cf. Gn 6:11, 13 (P), Ez 8:17; 12:19; מָֽלְאוּ מַחֲשַׁכֵּי־אֶרֶץ נְאוֹת ח׳ ψ 74:20, הָעִיר מָֽלְאָה ח׳ Ez 7:23; 28:16, שֶׁבֶת ח׳ Am 6:3 is (prob.) enthronement of violence; כְּלֵי ח׳ Gn 49:5 (poem) instruments, weapons, of violence;—other phrases are: ח׳ בְּיָדַיִם Jon 3:8; 1 Ch 12:17, cf. Jb 16:17, ח׳ יְדֵיכֶם ψ 58:3 and פֹּעַל ח׳ בְּכַפֵּיהֶם Is 59:6; עֵד ח׳ i.e. a witness that promotes violence and wrong Ex 23:1 (JE), Dt 19:16, עֵדֵי ח׳ ψ 35:11; עֵדֵי שֶׁקֶר וִיפֵחַ חָמָס ψ 27:12; שׂנאת ח׳ ψ 25:19 = hatred characterized by violence; אִישׁ חָמָס = violent man ψ 18:49 (2 S 22:49 has the later א׳ חמסים, cf. infr.) 140:12 Pr 3:31; 16:29; אישׁ חמסים (later) ψ 140:2, 5; 2 S 22:49; יֵין חֲמָסִים Pr 4:17 i.e. wine gained by violence (‖ לֶחֶם רֶשַׁע).BDB חָמָס.2
† II. [חמץ] vb. be red (? cf. Aramaic ܚܡܰܨ Ethpa. blush, be ashamed, poss. orig. be red);—
Qal Pt. pass. cstr. חֲמוּץ בְּגָדִים red of garments Is 63:1; poss. also Impf. 3 fs. תֶּחֱמַץ ψ 68:24 that thy foot may be red with blood (for MT תמחץ; so Krochm Hi Gr; most, however, read תרחץ v. רחץ).BDB חמץ.2
† I. חָמֵץ vb. be sour, leavened (NH id., Pi. Hiph. make sour, leaven; Arabic حَمُضَ be sour; Aramaic חֲמַע be sour, leavened, ܚܡܰܥ, be leavened)—
Qal Pf. חָמֵץ Ex 12:39; Impf. יֶחְמָ֑ץ Ex 12:34; Inf. sf. חֻמְצָתוֹ Ho 7:4;—be leavened, of dough (בָּצֵק), Ex 12:34, 39 (E), cf. Ho 7:4.
Hithp. be soured, embittered, ψ 73:21 (‖ כִּלְיוֹתַי אֶשְׁתּוֹנָן).BDB חָמֵץ.2
† חֹ֫מֶץ n.m. vinegar—ח׳ abs. Pr 10:26 + 3 times; cstr. Nu 6:3(×2);—a common condiment Ru 2:14, forbidden to Nazirite (ח׳ יין and ח׳ שֵׁכָר) Nu 6:3(×2) (P), offered (in cruelty) to a thirsty man ψ 69:22 (fig. for harshness, lack of sympathy); in sim. of sluggard כַּחֹמֶץ לַשִּׁנַּיִם Pr 10:26, ח׳ עַל־נָ֑תֶר Pr 25:20 vinegar on nitre (sim. of merry songs for the heavy-hearted).BDB חֹ֫מֶץ.2
† III. [חמץ] vb. be ruthless (dub. √; perhaps by-form of חמם; perhaps error for it; identif. by most with I. חמץ, be sour, hence sharp, violent, but connexion improb.)—only
Qal Pt. act. מִכַּף מְעַוּל וְחוֹמֵץ ψ 71:4 from the hand of the unjust and ruthless (‖ מִיַּד רָשָׁע).BDB חמץ².2
† חָמֵץ n.m. Ex 13:3 that which is leavened—ח׳ Ex 12:15 + 10 times—forbidden at Passover Ex 12:15 (P), 13:3, 7 (JE), Dt 16:3, in all sacrifices Ex 23:18; 34:25 (both JE); cf. Am 4:5; Lv 2:11; 6:10 (P; appos.); exceptions are לֶחֶם ח׳ of peace-offering Lv 7:13 (P), and the wave-loaves (ח׳ appos.) Lv 23:17 (H).—v. RSSem 203 OTJC 2, 345.BDB חָמֵץ².2
חֻמְצָה v. I. חמץ Inf.BDB חֻמְצָה.2
† חָמַק vb. turn away (intr.)—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְדוֹדִי ח׳ עָכָ֑ר Ct 5:6 and my beloved had turned away, passed on.
Hithp. Impf. 2 fs. עַד־מָתַי תִּתְחַמָּקִין הַבַּת הַשּׁוֹבֵבָה Je 31:22 turn hither and thither, v. Gf VB.BDB חָמַק.2
III. חמר (√ of foll.; NH חָמַר heap up; Aramaic חַמֵּר make a ruin-heap; Arabic حِمَارَةٌ great mass of stone, heap of stones).BDB חמר.2
† חֵמָר n.[m.] bitumen, asphalt (from I. חמר according to OBlauZMG 1869, 279, bitumen as seething, swelling up; Thes MV, from IV. חמר, with ref. to reddish-brown colour)—חֵמָר Gn 11:3 + 2 times; used for cement in building Babel Gn 11:3 (J); abounding in vale of Siddim בֶּאֱרֹת בֶּאֱרֹת ח׳ Gn 14:10; used in coating Moses’ ‘ark’ of bulrushes Ex 2:3 (E; ‖ זָ֑פֶת).BDB חֵמָר.2
† חֶ֫מֶר n.[m.] wine (poet.) (Aramaic ܚܰܡܪܳܐ, חַמְרָא; Arabic خَمْرٌ, v. LagBN 207)—וְדַם־עֵנָב תִּשְׁתֶּה־חָ֑מֶר Dt 32:14; כֶּרֶם חֶמֶר Is 27:2, but read here כֶּרֶם חֶמֶד (v. הֶמֶד).BDB חֶ֫מֶר.2
† I. חָמַר vb. ferment, boil or foam up (Arabic خَمَرَ ferment, leaven, خُمْرَةٌ, خَمِيرَةٌ, n. leaven; v. LagBN 207);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְיַיִן ח׳ ψ 75:9 and wine which foams, (others from IV. חמר be red); 3 pl. חָֽמְרוּ is suggested by We as poss. Hb 3:15 (for MT חֹמֶר q.v.) the great waters foamed; Impf. 3 mpl. יֶהֱמוּ יֶחְמְרוּ מֵימָיו ψ 46:4 let its water roar and foam. Peʿalʿal Pf. pass. 3 pl. מֵעַי חֳמַרְמָ֑רוּ La 1:20 my bowels are in a ferment (‖ נֶהְפַּךְ לִבִּי), of distress at calamities of Jerus.; so חֳמַרְמְרוּ מֵעַי La 2:11.—Jb 16:16 v. IV. חמר.BDB חָמַר.2
† I. חֹ֫מֶר n.m. cement, mortar, clay;—ח׳ abs. Gn 11:3 + 13 times; cstr. Is 10:6 + 2 times;—
1. mortar, cement for holding building-stones (brick) together Gn 11:3 (J), Ex 1:14 (P; both ‖ לְבֵנִים); Na 3:14 (‖ טיט).
2. clay: a. as material of vessels Je 18:4, 6, ח׳ היצר Is 29:16, in sim. of God’s fashioning man Is 45:9; 64:7; Jb 10:9; as material of human bodies בָּתֵּי ח׳ Jb 4:19 cf. 33:6; as material of bulwarks (disparagingly) Jb 13:12; ח׳ חותם = seal-clay i.e. clay upon which seal is pressed. b. = mire ח׳ חוצות Is 10:6; הֹרַנִי לַח׳ Jb 30:19 he hath cast me into the mire, i.e. deeply humiliated me (עָפָר and אֵפֶר in ‖ cl.); as sim. of commonness, abundance Jb 27:16 (‖ עָפָר); Is. 41:25.BDB חֹ֫מֶר.2
† IV. [חמר] vb. be red (Arabic حَمَرَ ii. dye red, حُمْرَةٌ redness, reddish brown (appar. skin-colour) so Thes MV BaNB 192 al.)—only Peʿalʿal Pf. pass. פָּנַי חֳמַרְמְרֻ֯ה Jb 16:16 my face is reddened from weeping.—La 1:20; 2:11 v. I. חמר.BDB חמר².2
† II. [חָמַר] vb.denom. cover or smear with asphalt, only
Qal Impf. 3 fs. sf. וַתַּחְמְרָה Ex 2:3 (E); on form of sf. v. Ges§ 58, 3, R. 1.BDB חָמַר².2
II. חֹ֫מֶר n.[m.] heap (cf. i. חֲמוֹר)—ח׳ cstr. ח׳ מַיִם רַבִּים Hb 3:15 a heap of great waters (‖ יָם)—but text dub., v. I. חמר; pl. חֳמָרִים חֳמָרִים Ex 8:10 (J), of dead frogs gathered in heaps.BDB חֹ֫מֶר².2