† I. עָב [עֹב] n.m. archit. term, meaning unknown; projecting roof is conjectured (Sm Co Berthol); others landing (Da); AV RV thick beam or plank, RVm threshold; Benz Kit Toy leave untranslated; in any case a structure of wood;—abs. וְעַסֻּדִים וְעָב 1 K 7:6; appar. cstr. וְעָב עֵץ אֶל־פְּנֵי הָאוּלָם מֵהַחוּץ Ez 41:25; pl. (si vera l.) הָעֻבִּים v 26.BDB עָב.2

עָב²

II. עָב v. עוּב.BDB עָב².2

עָב³

II. עָב₃₃ n.m. Is 19, 1 and (1 K 18:44 Kö^{Synt. 163}) f. dark cloud, cloud-mass, thicket;—ע׳ abs. 1 K 18:44 +, cstr. Is 18:4; Pr 16:15; pl. עָבִים Ju 5:4 +, עָבוֹת 2 S 23:4 ψ 77:18; cstr. עָבֵי 2 S 22:12 ψ 18:12; sf. עָבָיו ψ 18:13 (but prob. del., v. עבר Qal ad fin.);—
1. dark cloud: a. rain-cloud Ju 5:4; Is 5:6; 1 K 18:44, 45 + 9 times. b. as high Is 14:14 Jb 20:6, + Ez 19:11; 31:3, 10, 14 (reading עָבוֹת, v. עֲבֹת). c. chariot of י׳ Is 19:1 ψ 104:3; covering his eyes Jb 22:14. d. casting shadow Is 25:5, cf. 2 S 23:4. e. as swift Is 60:8, and transient 44:22; Jb 30:15 (all sim.). f. disposed by God Jb 36:29; 37:16. g. ע׳ טַל Is 18:4 cloud of dew, dew-mist (sim.).
2. (cloud-) mass, ע׳ שְׁחָקִים 2 S 22:12 masses of clouds (enwrapping י׳) = ψ 18:12 (v 13 v. supr.).
3. thicket as refuge Je 4:29 (perhaps under Aramaic influence).—עַב Ex 19:9 v. עֲבִי sub עבה. 1. עָב v. p. 712 supr.BDB עָב³.2

עבב

עבב (√ of foll., cf. Kö^{ii 1, 40}; meaning unknown).BDB עבב.2

עֲבָד

† [עֲבָד] n.m. work (late; Aramaic form); pl. sf. עֲבָדֵיהֶם Ec 9:1 (cf. Syriac ܥܒܳܕ ).BDB עֲבָד.2

עֶ֫בֶד

I. עֶ֫בֶד₇₉₉ n.m. slave, servant (on format. Lag^{BN 77});—ע׳ Gn 9:25 +, עָ֑בֶד 44:10 +; sf. עַבְדִּי 26:24 +; עַבְדְּךָ 19:19 +; עַבְדֶּ֫ךָ 18:3 +; pl. עֲבָדִים 9:25 +, עַבְדֵי 21:25 +; sf. עֲבָדַי Lv 25:42 +, עַבְדֵיכֶם Jos 9:11 +, etc.;—
1. slave, servant of household Gn 39:17, 19; 41:12; 50:2; Ex 21:2 +; man-servant, ‖ אמה Ex 20:10 Lv 25:6; Dt 5:14; Jb 31:13 +; ‖ שׁפחה Gn 12:16; 32:6; Je 34:11; Is 14:2 +; + אדון Dt 23:16; Is 24:2; Mal 1:6 +; מִקְנַת כֶּסֶף Ex 12:44 or יְלִיד בַּיִת Je 2:14; עֶבֶד עֲבָדִים servant of servants, humblest servant, Gn 9:25; †בֵּית עֲבָדִים house of slaves, especially Israel in Egypt Ex 13:3, 14; 20:2 (R^D) Dt 5:6; 6:12; 7:8; 8:14; 13:6, 11 Jos 24:17; Ju 6:8 Je 34:13; Mi 6:4; †וזכרת כי עבד היית מצרים (ארץ)ב and thou shalt remember that thou wast a slave in (the land of) Egypt Dt 5:15; 15:15; 16:12; 24:18, 22; king of Babylon is slave to י׳ Je 25:9; 27:6; 43:10; the borrower to the lender Pr 22:7; fig. of beast Jb 40:28; of things Gn 47:19.
2. Subjects, of chief Gn 26:15, 19, 25, 32; 27:37; 32:17^(×2) +; of king 21:25 Ex 7:28, 29; 1 K 9:27; Dt 29:1 +; vassal kings 2 S 10:19; tributary nations 8:2, 6, 14 = 1 Ch 18:2, 6, 13; specif. officers of king 1 S 19:1; 21:8; 2 S 11:13; Pr 14:35 +; עַבְדֵי פַרְעֹה Gn 40:20; 41:10; ע׳ שָׁאוּל 1 S 16:17; 18:22; 28:7; ע׳ הַמֶּלֶךְ 1 K 1:47 Est 3:3 +; עֶבֶד הַמֶּלֶךְ 2 K 22:12 = 2 Ch 34:20 (a court official); opp. שַׂר Pr 19:10; Ec 10:7; מֶלֶךְ Pr 30:22; ambassadors Nu 22:18 2 S 10:2; soldiers of army 1 S 17:8; 25:10; 2 S 2:12, + officers of army 1 S 29:3; 1 K 11:26; 2 K 25:8; Is 36:9.
3. Servants, worshippers, of God: †עַבְדֵי יהוה 2 K 9:7; 10:23; Is 54:17, cf. Gn 50:17; Is 56:6; עֲבָדָיו Dt 32:36 = ψ 135:14, Is 65:15; 66:14 ψ 34:23; 69:37 Ne 2:20; ‖ עַמּוֹ ψ 105:25 cf. Dt 32:43; עֲבָדַי Is 65:8, 9, 13^(×3), 14; עֲבָדֶיךָ 1 K 8:23; Is 63:17 (‖ שִׁבְטֵי נחלתך), ψ 89:51; 90:13, 16; 102:15, 29; 119:91, 79:2, 10 (‖ חֲסִידֶיךָ); delivered from Egypt Lv 25:42, 55^(×2); 26:13 (P); עַבְדְּךָ ψ 119:125; 143:2, ‖ בֶּן־אֲמָתֶ֑ךָ 86:16; 116:16^(×2); specif. angels Jb 4:18; and ancient worthies, patriarchs Ex 32:13 (J) Dt 9:27; Abraham Gn 26:24 (J) ψ 105:6, 42; Isaac Gn 24:14 (J); Jacob, Israel Ez 28:25; 37:25 1 Ch 16:13; Moses †Ex 14:31; Jos 18:7 (J) Nu 12:7, 8 (E) Dt 34:5 (?) Jos 1:1, 2, 7, 13, 15; 8:31, 33; 9:24; 11:12, 15; 12:6^(×2); 13:8; 14:7; 22:2, 4, 5 (all D), 1 K 8:53, 56; 2 K 18:12; 21:8; 1 Ch 6:34; 2 Ch 1:3; 24:6, 9; Ne 1:8; 9:14; 10:30 ψ 105:26 Mal 3:22 Dn 9:11; Joshua †Jos 24:29 (E) Ju 2:8; Caleb †Nu 14:24 (J); Job †Jb 1:8; 2:3; 42:7, 8^(×3); David 2 S 3:18; 7:5, 8, 26 + 27 times; Hezekiah †2 Ch 32:16; Zerubbabel †Hag 2:23; Eliakim †Is 22:20.—The צֶמַח Zc 3:8 cf. 6:12 is also servant of י׳ as Messianic builder of temple (see Br^{MP 442 ff.}).
†4. servant of י׳, in a special sense: of Levitical singers using benedictions in temple ψ 113:1; 134:1; 135:1; usually of prophets, עֲבָדַי הַנְּבִיאִים my servants the prophets 2 K 9:7; 17:13; Je 7:25; 26:5; 29:19; 35:15; 44:4; Ez 38:17; Zc 1:6; עֲבָדָיו הַנְּבִיאִים 2 K 17:23; 21:10; 24:2; Je 25:4; Am 3:7; Dn 9:10; עֲבָדֶיךָ הנביאים Ezr 9:11; Dn 9:6; specif. Ahia 1 K 14:18; 15:29; Elijah 2 K 9:36; 10:10; Jonah 2 K 14:25; Isaiah Is 20:3; עַבְדּוֹ, ‖ מלאכיו 44:26; as one calling to fear י׳ 50:10.
†5. Israel as a people is servant of י׳: יִשְׂרָאֵל Is 41:8, 9; 44:21^(×2); 49:3 ψ 136:22; יעקב Is 44:1, 2; 45:4; 48:20; Je 30:10; 46:27, 28; עַבְדִּי = עֶבֶד יהוה, ‖ מַלְאָכִי, as having a mission to the nations Is 42:19^(×2); and chosen as witness of י׳ 43:10. But there is also an ideal servant chosen and endowed with the divine Spirit to be a covenant of Israel and a light of the nations Is 42:1 (cf. v 2—6); formed to bring back Jacob, raise up the tribes, and become salvation to the end of the earth 49:5, 6, 7; bearing the sins of all as a lamb and a trespass-offering, and yet prospering and justifying many as interposing martyr 52:13; 53:11: many understand of ideal Israel, contr. with the actual; al. of personif. ‖ with Zion the wife and mother, disting. from unworthy Israel as Zion from her apostate children; al. of ideal prophetic writer; al. of ideal prophetic person; al. (especially in Is 53) of an actual proph. known to writer and his readers; [in any case it is Messianic, v. Mt 8:16, 17; 12:16—21 Lk 4:17—22 Phil 2:5—11]; see De Is ii. 174 Da^{Expos. 1884, 358 ff.} Di Du Che al. on Is 42, 53, Dr ^{Is 168 ff.} Br^{MP 345 ff.}, also Gie^{Beitr. 146 ff.} Berthol ^{Is 53}.
6. In polite address of equals or superiors the Hebrews used עַבְדְּךָ thy servant = 1 pers. sing., I, Gn 18:3; 1 S 20:7, 8^(×2) 2 K 8:13 +; עֲבָדֶיךָ thy servants = we Gn 42:11; Is 36:11; also עַבְדּוֹ his servant = I, 1 S 26:18, 19; 2 S 14:22; 24:21 +; also in addressing God, especially in prayer Ex 4:10; Nu 11:11; Ju 15:18; 1 S 3:9, 10; 25:39; 2 S 24:10 ψ 19:12, 14; 27:9; 31:17; 35:27; 69:18; 109:28; 143:2 +.
7. Phrases are: †עבד (היה), c. לְ pers., become servant to Gn 9:26, 27; 44:10, 16, 17, 33; 47:19, 25 (J) Dt 6:21; 15:17; 2 S 8:14; 2 K 17:3; 24:1; 1 Ch 18:2, 6, 13; 2 Ch 10:7; Pr 11:29; 12:9; 22:7; †היה לעבד, c. לְ pers., Gn 44:9 (J) 50:18 (E) 1 S 8:17; 17:9^(×2); 27:12 2 S 8:2, 6; Je 34:16; †כבשׁ לעבדים 2 Ch 28:10 Ne 5:5; Je 34:11; לקח לע׳ Gn 43:18 (J) 2 K 4:1; Jb 40:28.BDB עֶ֫בֶד.2

עָבַד

עָבַד₂₉₀ vb. work, serve (Old Aramaic עבד do, make, especially Nab. Palm. (often), Lzb^{331 f.} Cook⁸⁶, so 𝔗 עֲבַד, Syriac ܥܒܰܕ (very often); but also Old Aramaic Ph. עבד slave, vassal (and in many n.pr.), 𝔗 עַבְדָּא, Syriac ܥܰܒܕܳܐ id.; Assyrian abdu, id. (rare); NH עָבַד serve, perform acts of worship (c. acc. cogn.), and deriv.; Arabic عَبَدَ worship, obey (God); cf. We^{Skizzen iii. 165; Heid. 141}, ii. enslave; عَبْدٌ slave, worshipper; Sab. עבד id. DHM^{Sudar. Alt. p. 18}; Gerber^{Verb. Denom.14 ff.} thinks be slave, serve (Qal) and enslave (Hiph.) are denom., cf. also Nö^{ZMG xi (1886), 741});—
Qal₂₇₂ Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Ez 29:18 +; sf. עֲבָדוֹ Mal 3:18 +; 3 mpl. עָֽבְדוּ Dt 7:4; עָבָ֑דוּ Nu 4:26, + 64 times Pf.; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲבֹד Gn 25:23 +; sf. יַעַבְדֵ֫נִי Ex 4:23; יַעַבְדֶ֫נּוּ ψ 22:31 2 K 10:18; 3 mpl. יַעַבְדוּ Dt 12:30 +; יַעֲבֹ֑דוּ Gn 15:14 (Dr^{§ 103}) Jb 36:11; 2 mpl. תַּעַבְדוּן Ex 3:12, תַּעֲבֹד֑וּן Jos 24:15, + 99 times Impf.; (תָּעָבְדֵם, נָֽעָבְדֵם v. Hoph.); Imv. עֲבֹד 1 S 26:19; sf. עָבְדֵהוּ 1 Ch 28:9; עִבְדוּ Ex 5:18 + 15 times; עֲבֹ֑דוּ Ez 20:39; sf. עִבְדֻהוּ 1 S 7:3; Inf. cstr. עֲבֹד Mal 3:14 +; עֲבָד־ Je 34:9, 10; sf. עָבְדוֹ Je 27:6 +, etc.; Pt. עֹבֵד Gn 4:2 +; pl. עֹבְדִים Nu 18:21 +; cstr. עֹבְדֵי ψ 97:7 +; sf. עֹבְדָיו 2 K 10:19; עֹבְדֵיהֶם Zc 2:13;— †1. labour, work, do work: abs. Ex 20:9 = 34:21 = Dt 5:13 (4th word); Ex 5:18 (E) Ec 5:11; c. acc. rei, till the ground Gn 2:5; 3:23; 4:2, 12 (J), 2 S 9:10; Is 30:24; Je 27:11; Zc 13:5; Pr 12:11; 28:19; obj. om. Dt 15:19; Ez 48:19; vineyard Dt 28:39; garden Gn 2:15 (J); עֹבְדֵי פִשְׁתִּים Is 19:9 workers in flax; עֹבְדֵ(י) הָעִיר Ez 48:18, 19 labourers of the city; ע׳ עֲבֹדָתוֹ Is 28:21 work his work (only here of God, ‖ עשׂה מַעֲשֵׂהוּ); ע׳ עבדה על Ez 29:18 serve a military service against. †2. work for another, serve him by labour: abs. Ex 21:2 (E); c. acc. pers. Gn 29:15; 31:6; Ex 21:6 (E) Dt 15:12, 18; Mal 3:17; Je 34:14, king his people 1 K 12:7; subj. animals Je 27:6; Jb 39:9; c. acc. pers. et rei Gn 30:26^(×2), 29 (J); c. לְ pers. 2 S 16:19; עִם Gn 29:25, 30 (E) Lv 25:40 (P); עִמָּדִי Gn 29:27 (E); לִפְנֵי 2 S 16:19^(×2); c. בְּ of price Gn 29:18, 20, 25; 31:41 (E) Ho 12:13; Ez 29:20; c. בְּ pers. work by means of another, use him as slave, Ex 1:14; Lv 25:39, 46 (P) Je 22:13; 30:8; 34:9, 10; cf. Dt 15:19. 3. serve as subjects: usually c. acc., their own rulers Ju 9:28^(×2), 38 1 S 11:1; 1 K 5:1 +; other kings, by tribute ψ 18:44 = 2 S 22:44; Je 27:7; 28:14; 2 K 25:24 +, other nations 2 S 10:19; Je 40:9; Zc 2:13 +, kings other kings 2 K 18:7 +, c. לְ, 1 S 4:9^(×2); †מַס עֹבֵד Gn 49:15 (J) Jos 16:10; 1 K 9:21 (see מַס); †c. בְּ pers., work with, i.e. use as subjects, impose tribute upon, Je 25:14; 27:7; Ez 34:27. 4. serve God: a. c. acc. י׳, Ex 3:12; 4:23; 7:16, 26 (JE), ψ 22:31; Jb 21:15; Mal 3:14 +; c. acc. pers. et rei Ex 10:26 (E); acc. pers. om., Je 2:20 (read אֶעֱבוֹד Kt), עבד זבח ומנחה Is 19:21 serve with peace-offering and grain-offering; עבד עֲבֹדָה Ex 13:5 (of מַצֹּת). b. other gods, c. acc. א׳ †Dt 7:16; 12:2, 30 †; אלהים אחרים 7:4; 8:19; 11:16; 13:7, 14; 17:3; 28:14, 36, 64; 29:25; 30:17; 31:20; Jos 23:16; 24:2, 16; Ju 2:19; 10:13; 1 S 8:8; 26:19; 1 K 9:6, 9; 2 K 17:35; 2 Ch 7:19, 22; Je 11:10; 13:10; 16:11, 13; 22:9; 25:6; 35:15 (all D and Je); אֱלֹהֵי הַגּוֹיִם Dt 29:17; זָרִים Je 5:19; †כל צבא השׁמים Dt 4:19; 2 K 21:3; 2 Ch 33:3; Je 8:2; †הבעל(ים) Ju 2:11; 3:7; 10:6, 10; 1 S 12:10; 1 K 16:31; 22:54; 2 K 10:18^(×2), 19^(×2), 21, 22, 23^(×2); 17:16; †אלהי נֵכָר Jos 24:20; Je 5:19; †(הַ)גִּלּוּלִים 2 K 17:12; 21:21^(×2) Ez 20:39; †האשׁרים 2 Ch 24:18; עצבים ψ 106:36; †פסיל(ים) 2 Ch 33:22; 2 K 17:41; פסל ψ 97:7; c. לְ, †לבעל Ju 2:13; †לאלהים אחרים Je 44:3. 5. serve י׳ with Levitical service (all P; cf. RS^{Sem i. 69}): c. acc. עבד עֲבֹדָה (v. עֲבֹדָה) Nu 3:7, 8; 4:23, 30, 47; 7:5; 8:11, 19, 22, 26; 16:9; 18:6, 21, 23; Jos 22:27; acc. om. Nu 4:24, 26, 37, 41; 8:15 (but Sam 𝔊 עבדה), v 25 18:7.
†Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נֶעְבָּ֑ד Ec 5:8; 2 mpl. נֶעֱבַדְתֶּם Ez 36:9; Impf. 3 ms. יֵעָבֵד Dt 21:4; 3 fs. תֵּעָבֵד Ez 36:34;— 1. be tilled, of land Dt 21:4; Ez 36:9, 34. 2. Ec 5:8 מֶלָךְ לְשָׂדֶה נֶעְבָּ֑ד dub.: a king for (devoted to) the cultivated field (Hi); a king that maketh himself servant to the field (devoted to agriculture), De: v. Comm., especially De.
†Pual Pf. 3 ms. עֻבַּד Dt 21:3; Is 14:3; pass. of Qal, c. בְּ: impers. Dt 21:3 of a calf with which it has not been worked; hard service with which it was worked with captives Is 14:3.
†Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֶעֱבִיד Ez 29:18; 2 ms. sf. הֶעֱבַדְתַּ֫נִי Is 43:24, הֶעֱבַדְתִּיךָ v 23, וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ Je 17:4 Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּעֲבֵד 2 Ch 34:33; 3 mpl. יַעֲבִדוּ Ex 1:13; Inf. cstr. הַעֲבִיד 2 Ch 2:17; Pt. pl. מַעֲבִדִים Ex 6:5;— 1. compel to labour as slaves Ex 1:13; 6:5 (P) 2 Ch 2:17, + Gn 47:21 (reading הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים), 2 S 12:31 (reading וְהֶעֱבִיד, + בְּ at; on both these v. עבר Hiph. ad fin.); cause to serve, of army’s service against, c. acc. + (על)אל Ez 29:18; cause to labour, weary, c. בְּ of means Is 43:23, 24 (perhaps play on meanings2, 3). 2. make to serve as subjects, c. 2 acc. Je 17:4, + Je 15:14 (read וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ, v. עבר Hiph. ad fin.). 3. cause to serve God 2 Ch 34:33.
Hoph. Impf. 2 ms. sf. תָּֽעָבְדֵם Ex 20:5 = Dt 5:9; Ex 23:24; 1 pl. sf. נָֽעָבְדֵם Dt 13:3 (Kö^{i. 259} Sta^{§ 549 g} Thes; < Nes^{Marg. 12 f.} Qal anom. pointed (cf. W^{AG. ed. 2, i. 62 n.} Fl ^{Kl. Schr. i. 98}); Ges^{§ 60, R. 1} Dr Qal falsely pointed as Hoph.);—be led or enticed to serve other gods Ex 20:5 = Dt 5:9; Ex 23:24; Dt 13:3.BDB עָבַד.2

עֹבֵד אֱדֹם

† עֹבֵד אֱדֹם and (2 Ch 25:24) ע׳אֱדוֹם n.pr.m. (servant of (god) Edom, cf. עבד אדם CIS^{No. 295}; Dr^{Sm 206, 293} and reff., RS^{Sem i. 43; 2nd ed. 42} and reff., HPS 2 S 6:10; but Bae^{Rel 10} servant of man, אֱדֹם = אָדָם, which is thought possible by Nö^{ZMG xlii (1888), 470} Buhl^{Edomiter 49});—
1. the Hittite who harboured the ark 2 S 6:10, 11^(×2), 12^(×2) = 1 Ch 13:13, 14^(×2), 1 Ch 15:25; 𝔊 Αβεδδαρα, 𝔊L Αβεδδαδαν.
2. (= 1?) one of the chief Levitical singers and doorkeepers 1 Ch 15:18, 21, 24; 16:5, 38^(×2); 26:4, 8^(×2), 15; 𝔊 Αβαεδωμ, Αβδεδωμ, etc.,𝔊L Αβεδδομ.
3. the family of the same 2 Ch 25:24 (not in ‖ 2 K 14:14).BDB עֹבֵד אֱדֹם.2

עֶ֫בֶד מֶ֫לֶךְ

† עֶ֫בֶד מֶ֫לֶךְ n.pr.m. (= servant of the king, or < of (god) Melek, cf. Gray^{Prop. N. 117. 147 ff.});—Ethiopic official of Zedekiah Je 38:7, 8, 10, 11, 12; 39:16; 𝔊 Αβδεμελεχ.BDB עֶ֫בֶד מֶ֫לֶךְ.2

עֲבֵד נְגוֹ

† עֲבֵד נְגוֹ n.pr.m. (servant of (God) Nebo, נְגוֹ being corrupt (intent. or unintent.) for נבוֹ (q.v.), COT Dn 1:7 Bev Dn 1:7);—Babylonian name of Azariah, one of the three companions of Daniel Dn 1:7 (v. also Biblical Aramaic); 𝔊 Theod Αβδεναγω.BDB עֲבֵד נְגוֹ.2

עֶ֫בֶד²

† II. עֶ֫בֶד n.pr.m. (servant of God = עַבְדְּאֵל);—
1. father of Gaal Ju 9:26, 28, 30, 31, 35 (GFM, after Hollenb^{ThLz 1891, 371} [cf. Bu^{Ib. 1892, 63}] עֹבֵד, as 𝔊L; v. also Gray^{Prop. N. 184, 272}); 𝔊 Ιωβηλ, A 𝔊L Αβεδ.
2. a companion of Ezra Ezr 8:6; 𝔊 Ωβηθ, 𝔊L Αμιναδαβ.—For list of Arabic names beginning with عبد v. Nö^{ZMG xli (1887), 724 ff.}, cf. also id.^{ib. xlii (1888), 486} We^{Heid. 2, 2 ff.}BDB עֶ֫בֶד².2

עַבְדָּא

† עַבְדָּא n.pr.m. (servant of י׳ (= עֹבַדְיָה 1 Ch 9:16 = Ne 11:17), but form dub., v. 𝔊);—
1. father of Adoniram 1 K 4:6; 𝔊 Εφρα, A Αβαω,𝔊L Εδραμ.
2. a Levite Ne 11:17; 𝔊 Ωβηβ, A Ιωβηβ, 𝔊L Αβδιας.BDB עַבְדָּא.2

עַבְדְּאֵל

† עַבְדְּאֵל n.pr.m. (servant of Ēl, cf. עַבְדִּיאֵל) name in Judah Je 36:26; 𝔊 Εσ(δ)ριηλ.BDB עַבְדְּאֵל.2

עֲבֹדָה

† עֲבֹדָה and (Chr) עֲבוֹדָה ₁₄₅ n.f. labour, service (on format. v. Lag^{BN 179} Ba^{NB 61});—ע׳ Ex 1:14 + 41 times; cstr. עֲבֹדַת 30¹⁶ + 43 times; sf. עֲבֹדָתִי Gn 30:26 + 33 times sfs.; in Chr עֲבוֹדָה 1 Ch 28:14 + 7 times; cstr. עֲבוֹדַת 6³³ + 13 times; sf. עֲבוֹדָתִי 2 Ch 12:8; עֲבוֹדָתָם 1 Ch 6:17; 2 Ch 31:16;—
1. †labour, work, ψ 104²³; in the field Ex 1:14; 1 Ch 27:26, prob. Ne 10:38 (עָרֵי ע׳), ψ 104¹⁴ (עֵשֶׂב לע׳); in fine linen 1 Ch 4:21; in erection of tabernacle Ex 35:24; 36:1, 3, 5; 39:42 (P); in repairing temple 2 Ch 34:13^(×2); כל מלאכת עבדה לא תעשׂוּ ye shall do no laborious work Lv 23:7, 8, 21, 25, 35, 36; Nu 28:18, 25, 26; 29:1, 12, 35 (P); fig. of man, ע׳ הַצְּדָקָה Is 32:17 (‖ מַעֲשֵׂה הַצּ׳); of God’s work of judgment Is 28:21^(×2).
†2. labour of servant or slave: of Jacob for Laban Gn 29:27; 30:26 (JE); ע׳ עֶבֶד of bondservant Lv 25:39 (P); of the Nethinim Ezr 8:20; service of things, vessels of tabernacle and temple Nu 4:26, 32 (P), 1 Ch 9:28; 28:14^(×2), 15.
†3. labour, service of captives or subjects: of Israel in Egypt Ex 1:14; 2:23^(×2) (P), 5:11 (E), 6:6 (P); כבד(ה) הע׳ 5:9 (E), Ne 5:18; ע׳ קשׁה Ex 1:14; 6:9 (P), Dt 26:6; 1 K 12:4 = 2 Ch 10:4; Is 14:3; מֵרֹב ע׳ La 1:3; ע׳ ממלכוֹת 2 Ch 12:8; ע׳ המלך 1 Ch 26:30; ע׳ אדניהם Ne 3:5; military service Ez 29:18^(×2).
4. service of God, in P Chr Ez: by people Jos 22:27 (P) 2 Ch 12:8, feast of passover Ex 12:25, 26; 2 Ch 35:10, 16, unleavened bread Ex 13:5; Levites and priests Nu 4:19, 49; 8:11; 1 Ch 24:3, 19; 2 Ch 8:14; 31:16; ע׳ מתנה Nu 18:7; Levites Ex 38:21; Nu 4:24, 27^(×2), 28, 33, 47^(×2); 7:7, 8; 8:26; 18:21; 1 Ch 6:17; 2 Ch 31:2; c. בְּאֹהֶל מוֹעֵד v 4, 23, 31, 33, 35, 39, 43; 8:19, 22; 18:31; אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד Ex 30:16; Nu 4:30; 7:5; 8:24; 18:4, 6, 21, 23, cf. Ex 35:21; Nu 7:5; (ה)מִשְׁכָּן Ex 39:32, 40; Nu 3:7, 8; 16:9; 1 Ch 6:33, cf. Ex 27:19; Nu 3:36; 1 Ch 23:26; ע׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Nu 7:9, cf. 3:31; of its court v 26; more specif. ע׳ משׂא 4:47; צבא הע׳ 8:25; ע׳ בית י׳ (ה)אלהים 1 Ch 23:24, 28, 32; 25:6; 28:13^(×2), 21^(×2); 29:7; 2 Ch 29:35; 31:21; 35:2; Ne 10:33; מלאכת ע׳ בית האלהים 1 Ch 9:13; 28:20; 2 Ch 24:12; מעשׂה ע׳ 1 Ch 23:28; its service Ez 44:14; 1 Ch 9:19; specif. service of Levit. singers 25:1^(×2), and doorkeepers 26:8; 2 Ch 35:15.BDB עֲבֹדָה.2

עֲבֻדָּה

† עֲבֻדָּה n.f. service (on format. v. Lag^{BN 151});—of household servants as a body, ‖ cattle, etc., Gn 26:14 (J); Jb 1:3.BDB עֲבֻדָּה.2

עַבְדּוֹן

† עַבְדּוֹן n.pr. I. n.pr.m.
1. a judge Ju 12:13, 15, 𝔊 Αβδων, A 𝔊L Λαβδω(μ); (Ew cp. בְּדָן 1 S 12:11, but read בָּרָק, v. בְּדָן supr.).
2. a Benjamite 1 Ch 8:23, 𝔊 Αβαδων, A 𝔊L Αβδων.
3. son of Jehiel a Gibeonite 1 Ch 8:30; 9:36; 𝔊 Αβαλων, Σαβαδων, A Αβδων, Σαβδων, 𝔊L Αβδων.
4. son of Micah 2 Ch 34:20, 𝔊 Αβδοδομ, A 𝔊L Αβδων (= עַכְבּוֹר 2 K 22:12). II. n.pr.loc. Levitical city in Asher Jos 21:30; 1 Ch 6:59, 𝔊 Δαββων, Αβαραν, A 𝔊L Αβδων (20 Codd. read עַבְדֹּן Jos 19:28 for עֶבְרֹן), ʿAbde, Guérin ^{Gal 2:37} cf. Buhl^{Geogr. 230}.BDB עַבְדּוֹן.2

עַבְדוּת

† [עַבְדוּת] n.f. servitude, bondage;—sf. עַבְדֻתֵנוּ Ez 9:8, 9; עַבְדֻתָם Ne 9:17 (cf. Syriac ܥܰܒܕܽܘܬܳܐ ).BDB עַבְדוּת.2

עַבְדִּי

† עַבְדִּי n.pr.m. (= עֹבַדְיָה servant of Yah; v. however, Gray^{Prop. N. 149 ff.} and cf. Old Aramaic עבדו, Nab.Palm. עבדי Lzb^{333, 334} Cook⁸⁷);—
1. a Levite 1 Ch 6:29; 2 Ch 29:12; 𝔊 Αβδ(ε)ι, 𝔊L 1 Ch Αβδια.
2. one with a foreign wife Ezr 10:26; 𝔊 Αβδε(ι)α.BDB עַבְדִּי.2

עַבְדִּיאֵל

† עַבְדִּיאֵל n.pr.m. (servant of Ēl; on this and foll. cf. Ph. עבדאלם, Nab. עבדאלהא, Sin. עבדאלהי, etc., Lzb³³² Cook⁸⁷; Sab. עבדלת = [עבדאלת] Hal¹⁶⁸ DHM^{ZMG xxxvii (1883), 16}; v. also Gray^{Prop. N. 309, No. 53});—a Gadite 1 Ch 5:15; 𝔊 Αβδεηλ, A 𝔊L Αβδιηλ.BDB עַבְדִּיאֵל.2

עֹבַדְיָ֫הוּ

† עֹבַדְיָ֫הוּ, עֹבַדְיָה n.pr.m. (servant of Yah, cf. Gray^{Prop. N. 295, No. 90}; also Ph. עבדבעל, Palm. עבדבל, Old Aramaic עבדההד Lzb³³³, OHeb. עבדיהו id.³³⁴);—
I. עֹבַדְיָ֫הוּ: 1. chief of Ahab’s household 1 K 18:3^(×2), 4, 5, 6, 7, 16, 𝔊 Αβδ(ε)ιου. 2. father of one of the chiefs of Zebulun 1 Ch 27:19, 𝔊 Αβδ(ε)ιου (genit.). 3. a Levite overseer in time of Josiah 2 Ch 34:12, 𝔊 Αβδ(ε)ια, A 𝔊L Αβδιας.
II. עֹבַדְיָה: 1. the prophet Ob 1, 𝔊 Οβδ(ε)ιου (genit.), Αβδ(ε)ιου. 2. a descendant of David 1 Ch 3:21, 𝔊 Αβδεια, 𝔊L Οβδιας. 3. chief of tribe of Issachar 1 Ch 7:3, 𝔊 Μειβδεια, A Οβδια, 𝔊L Αβδια. 4. a Benjamite 1 Ch 8:38; 9:44, 𝔊 Αβδ(ε)ια. 5. a Levite 1 Ch 9:16 (‖ עַבְדָּא Ne 11:17), 𝔊 Αβδεια, A Οβδια, 𝔊L Αβια. 6. a Gadite chief 1 Ch 12:9, 𝔊 Αβδ(ε)ια. 7. a prince in time of Jehoshaphat 2 Ch 17:7, 𝔊 Αβ(δ)ιαν. 8. priestly companion of Ezra Ezr 8:9 Ne 10:6, 𝔊 Αδεια, Αβ(α)δ(ε)ια, 𝔊L Αβδιου, Αβιας. 9. a doorkeeper Ne 12:25, א Οβδιας, 𝔊L Αβδιας.BDB עֹבַדְיָ֫הוּ.2

עָבָה

† עָבָה vb. be thick, fat, gross (NH Pi. עִבָּה make thick, and deriv.; Syriac ܥܒܳܐ swell up, pt. pass. swollen, thick, dense, stupid, and many deriv.; Arabic غَبِىَ be dense, stupid, أَغُبَى dense foliage; Ethiopic ዐብየ: be great Di⁹⁸⁵);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. קָֽטֳנִּי ע׳ מִמָּתְנֵי אָבִי 1 K 12:10 my little finger is thicker (stouter) than, etc., = 2 Ch 10:10; be thick, gross, of rebell. Isr. under fig. of highly fed beast, 2 ms. שָׁמַנְתָּ עָבִּיתָ כָּשִׂיתָ Dt 32:15.BDB עָבָה.2

עֲבוֹט

† עֲבוֹט n.[m.] pledge, article pledged as security for debt;—abs. ע׳ Dt 24:11, 13; sf. עֲבֹטוֹ v 10 (as acc. cogn.), v 12.BDB עֲבוֹט.2

עָבוּר

† I. [עָבוּר] n.[m.] produce, yield (cf. Assyrian ebûru, id., Dl^{HWB 11}; Syriac ܥܒܽܘܪܳܐ corn);—cstr. עֲבוּר הָאָרֶץ Jos 5:11, 12 (P).BDB עָבוּר.2

עָבוּר²

II. [עָבוּר] n. only in בַּעֲבוּר₄₇, בַּעֲבֻר (Gn 27:10, 31), prep. and conj. for the sake of, on account of, in order that (perhaps orig. for the produce or gain of), sf. בַּעֲבוּרִי, 1 S 23:10, etc.;—
1. as prep.: a. Gn 3:17 ארורה האדמה בעבורך for thy sake, 8:21 בעבור האדם for man’s sake, 12:13 לְמַעַן יִיטַב־לִי בַּעֲבוּרֵךְ, v 16; 18:26, 29, 26:24 Ex 9:16 ב׳ זֹאת, 13:8 ב׳ זה, 1 S 12:22 2 S 5:12; 6:12; 7:21; 9:1, 7 Am 2:6; 8:6 ואביון ב׳ נַעֲלָ֑יִם, Mi 2:10 ב׳ טָמְאָה on account of uncleanness, ψ 106:32; 132:10, etc.; 2 S 12:21 ב׳ הַיֶּלֶד חַי because of the child, (being) alive (= while he was alive), Je 14:4 ב׳ הָאֲדָמָה חַ֫תָּה on account of the ground, (which) is dismayed, Jb 20:2 וּבַעֲבוּר חוּשִׁי בִּי read וב׳ זֹאת, or וּבַעְבוּרָהּ. Je 14:4 < read הָאֲדָמָה חַתּוּ וְעֹבְדֵר Du, cf. 𝔊. †b. sq. inf. (cf. לְמַעַן), in order to, Ex 9:16 ב׳ הַרְאֹתְךָ אֶת־כֹּחִי, 1 S 1:6; 2 S 10:3 ב׳ חֲקֹר את־העיר, 18:18: so לְבַעֲבוּר Ex 20:20; 2 S 14:20; 17:14; בעבור לְ 1 Ch 19:3 (‖ 2 S 10:3, no לְ).
†2. as conj. Gn 27:10 ב׳ אֲשֶׁר יְבָרֶכְךָ; without אשׁר, Gn 21:30 ב׳ תִּהְיֶה לִי לְעֵדָה in order that it may be a witness for me, 27:4 ב׳ תְּבָרֶכְךָ נפשׁי, v 19, 31; 46:34 Ex 9:14; 19:9; 20:20 ψ 105:45.BDB עָבוּר².2

עָבוֹת

עָבוֹת v. עבת.BDB עָבוֹת.2

עָבוֹת²

† עָבוֹת adj. having interwoven foliage, leafy;—עֵץ עָבוֹת leafy trees Ez 20:28; Ne 8:15; עֵץ עָבֹת Lv 23:40 (H); f. אֵלָה עֲבֻתָּה Ez 6:13 a leafy terebinth.—עָבוֹת 2 S 23:4 ψ 77:18 v. ii. עָב sub עוּב.BDB עָבוֹת².2

עבט

עבט (perhaps √ of foll.; cf. Assyrian ubbuṭu’ (ii. of אבט [= עבט?]) be pledged Dl^{HWB 6}; Aramaic (Talm.) עֲבִיטָה pledge, עֲבַט Ithpe. be taken in pledge; but We Jo 2:7 thinks עֲבוֹט Aramaic loanword, and cp. Arabic ضَبَطَ hold, keep, guard).BDB עבט.2

עָבַט

† [עָבַט] vb. denom. take or give a pledge;—
Qal Inf. cstr. לַעֲבֹט Dt 24:10 to take possession of a thing pledged (c. acc. cogn.); Impf. 2 ms. give a pledge תַּעֲבֹט Dt 15:6 (i.e. borrow).
Hiph. Pf. 2 ms. וְהַעֲבַטְתָּ֫ גּוֹיִם רַבִּים v 6 and thou shalt cause many nations to give pledges (i.e. lend to them); Impf. 3 ms. sf. + Inf. abs. הַעֲבֵט תַּעֲבִיטֶנּוּ v 8 thou shalt surely lend to him (lit. as above).
Pi. Impf. יְעַבְּטוּן Jo 2:7 hardly makes sense (lend on pledge = interchange?); most read יְעַבְּתוּן; יְעַוְּתוּן We, cf. Now Dr GASm; Gr יַטּוּן.BDB עָבַט.2

עַבְטִיט

† עַבְטִיט n.[m.]intens. weight of pledges, heavy debts;—abs. מַכְבִּיד עָלָיו ע׳ Hb 2:6.BDB עַבְטִיט.2

עֲבִי

† עֲבִי n.[m.] thickness;—cstr. ע׳ גַּבֵּי מָגִנָּיו Jb 15:26 the thickness (stoutness) of the bosses of his shields (in fig.); sf. עָבְיוֹ its thickness, of the molten sea 1 K 7:26 = 2 Ch 4:5; of pillar Je 52:21.—2 Ch 4:17 v. foll.—Under עבה belongs perhaps also בְּעַב הֶעָנָן Ex 19:9 (read בַּעֲבִי?) in the thickness of the clouds, cf. Bu ^{Th Lz 1892 (3), 63} Kö ^{ii 1, 86}.BDB עֲבִי.2

עבל

עבל (√ of foll.; cf. poss. Arabic عَبُلَ be bulky, stout; Pun. n. pr. עבל Lzb³³⁵).BDB עבל.2

עבץ

עבץ (√ of foll.; meaning unknown).BDB עבץ.2

עֵ֫בֶר

I. עֵ֫בֶר n.m. 1 S 14:40 region across or beyond, side (on format. cf. Ba^{NB 144}; cf. especially Assyrian êbru, êbirtu, id. êbirtan, adv. beyond);—ע׳ abs. 1 S 14:4 +; cstr. Jos 24:4 +; sf. עֶבְרוֹ Is 47:15; pl. cstr. עֶבְרֵי Is 7:20 Je 48:28 (si vera l., v. infr.); sf. עֲבָרָיו 1 K 5:4 Je 49:32 (read probably עֶבְרֵיהֶם, so Vrss), עֶבְרֵיהֶם Ex 32:15;—
1. region across or beyond anything (usually wady, river, or sea), mostly c. prep.: בְּעֵבֶר אַרְנוֹן Nu 21:13 (JE) Ju 11:18, cf. Je 25:22; אֶל־ע׳ הַיָּם Dt 30:13 b, מֵעֵבֶר לַיָּם v 13 a beyond the sea; מֵע׳ לְנַהֲרֵי־כוּשׁ Is 18:1, cf. עַד־מֵע׳ 1 K 4:12 (מִן on the side of, on, v. מִן 1 c; so usually c. ע׳); but also (rarely) מֵע׳ from the other side of Zp 3:10 Jb 1:19 2 Ch 20:2; abs. הָע׳ 1 S 26:13 to the other side (sc. of a ravine; after וַיַּעֲבֹר); בְּעֵבֶר הָעֵמֶק 1 S 31:7, read perhaps בְּעָרֵי הָע׳, so Klo Bu HPS; בְּעֶבְרֵי פִי־פָ֑חַת Je 48:28 beyond the mouth of a chasm is dub.; Gie proposes בְּחֹרֵי כֵפֵי בַתֹּת in the rock-holes of the precipices; especially (chiefly Hex, 37 times) ע׳הַיַּרְדֵּן (30 times), or (less often, Jos 13:32 + 13 times), לַיַּרְדֵּן, לְיַרְדֵּן יְרֵחוֹ (only c. מֵע׳), of either E. Jordan (36 times) or W. Jordan land (9 times) according to standpoint of speaker or writer: A. E. Jordan (from standpoint of writer) Gn 50:10, 11 (J) Jos 17:5 (JE) Dt 1:1, 5; 4:41, 46, 47, 49; Jos 1:14; 12:1; 13:8 (D), Nu 22:1; 32:19; 34:15 Jos 13:27, 32; 14:3; 20:8 (P), Ju 7:25; 10:8 1 S 31:7 Is 8:23 1 Ch 6:63; 12:37; from standpoint of speaker, Jos 7:7 (JE), 24:8 (E), 1:15; 2:10; 9:10; 18:7; 22:4 (D), Ju 5:17; in Nu 35:14 (Moses speaks) it is land opp. to Can., cf. Nu 32:32; in Dt 3:8 (Moses speaks) writer (D) ascribes his own standpoint to Moses; (often further topogr. note is added, e.g. מִזְרָ֫חָה Dt 4:49 +, מִזְרַח הַששֶּׁמֶשׁ Jos 1:15 +, etc.); אֶל־עֵבֶר בְּנֵי יִשְׂר׳ Jos 22:11 toward the region opposite the sons of Israel appar. also refers to E. side (v. Steuernagel on text). B. W. Jordan (9 times), from standpoint of speaker Dt 3:20, 25 (Moses), also 11:30 (but here + מְבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ, and in all foll. some special designation of West), + יָ֫מָּה Jos 5:1 (D; from standpoint of those just crossed), 12:7 (opposite East v 1—6), 22:7 (id.; Kt מעבר, Qr בְּעֵבֶר), cf. 9:1 (as 5:1); + וָהָ֑לְאָה Nu 32:19 a (opposite East v b); in 1 Ch 26:30 מֵע׳ לַיַּר׳ מַעֲרָ֑בָה ע׳ seems = side (v. infr.). Also בְּע׳ הַנָּהָר beyond the river (Euphrates) Jos 24:2, 14, 15 (E; Kt Qr מֵע׳), מֵע׳ 2 S 10:16 = 1 Ch 19:16 beyond, and 1 K 14:5 to the other side of (v. מִן 1 c); מֵע׳ from beyond the river only Jos 24:3 (E), in all these = beyond the Euphr. eastward, from standpoint of those west of Euphr.; so pl. בְּעֶבְרֵי הַנּ׳ Is 7:20; poss. also ע׳ alone (si vera l.) in the difficult passage Nu 24:24; ע׳ הַנָּהָר = region beyond the river (Euphr.) westward (from standpoint of those in Babylonia or Persia) Ne 2:7, 9; 3:7 Ezr 8:36; also 1 K 5:4^(×2) (written in Bab.; cf. Biblical Aramaic עֲבַר, and Dr^{Intr (6) 504}). cf. late Assyrian ebir nâri Schr^{KB iv. 304, 1. 7 from below;} KAT 3. 188, 437.
2. (Opposite) side, side: מֵע׳ הַלָּז 1 S 14:1 on yonder side seems transition to this meaning; מֵהָע׳ מִזֶּה twice, v 4 = on one side, on the other side, so לְע׳ אֶחָד twice v 40; even מִשְּׁנֵי עִבְרֵיהֶם Ex 32:15 (E) on their two sides (i.e. of tablets); אֶל־ע׳ הָאֵפוֹד בָּ֑יְתָה Ex 28:26 (P) toward the inner side of the ephod; in 1 K 7:20, 30 ע׳ appar. = at the side of or opposite, but the archit. details are obscure; מִכָּל־עֲבָרָיו מִסָּבִיב 1 K 5:4 on all sides of him, round about, מִכָּל־עֲבָרָיו Je 49:32 (reads עֶבְרֵיהֶם Vrss Gie) from all sides of them (all directions, = מִכָּל־סְבִיבָ֑יִךְ v 5); אֶל־עֵבֶר פָּנָיו יֵלֵ֑כוּ to the side of their faces (i.e. in front, straight forward) they (always) went Ez 1:9, 12; 10:22, cf. עַל־ע׳ פָּנֶיהָ Ex 25:37 to give light upon the space in front of it; אִישׁ לְעֶבְרוֹ תָּעוּ Is 47:15 they wander away each in his own direction (regardless of thee).—On 1 Ch 26:30 v. supr.BDB עֵ֫בֶר.2

עָבַר

עָבַר₅₄₈ vb. pass over, through, by, pass on (NH = BH; Zinj. עבר Haph. Lzb³³⁶ Cook⁸⁸, perhaps also Nab. עבר id.^ib.; 𝔗 עֲבַר, Syriac ܥܒܰܪ id.; Assyrian ebêru, id. Dl^{HWB 10}, and deriv.; Arabic عَبَرَ id., and deriv.; Sab. עבר = Heb. עִבַּר 1. Mordt^{Sab Denkm 49}; עברת passage, march through DHM^{ZMG xxix (1875), 614} also bank or neighbourhood of a stream Sab Denkm⁴⁹);—
Qal₄₆₅ Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Gn 15:17 +, sf. עֲבָרוֹ Je 23:9; 1 s. עָבַ֫רְתִּי 1 S 15:24 +; 2 mpl. עֲבַרְתֶּם Gn 18:5 +; 1 pl. עָבַ֫רְנוּ Jos 24:17 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲבֹר Am 8:5 +, יַעֲבָר־ Gn 33:14 +, sf. 3 ms. יַעַבְרֶ֫נּוּ Is 33:21; 35:8, יַעַבְרֶ֫נְהוּ Je 5:22, וַיַּעֲבֹר Gn 12:6 +; 1 s. אֶעֱבֹר Am 5:17 +, cohort. אֶעְבְּרָה Nu 21:22 +, אֶעֱבֹ֑רָה Nu 20:19 Ju 12:5, etc.; Imv. ms. עֲבֹר Ex 17:5 +; fs. עִבְרִי Mi 1:11 + 2 times; עֲבֹ֑רִי Is 23:12; mpl. עִבְרוּ Am 6:2 +; Inf. abs. עָבוֹר 2 S 17:16; cstr. עֲבֹר Am 7:8 +, לַעֲבָר־ 1 K 18:6 + Na 2:1 Qr (Kt לעבור); sf. עָבְרִי Ex 33:22 Dt 4:21, etc.; Pt. עֹבֵר Ju 8:4 +, etc.;— 1. pass over: a. = cross (stream, wady, sea, etc.), (1) c. acc. Gn 31:21 (E), 32:11 (J), Jos 3:14, 17; 4:1 (all JE), Dt 2:14 (D), Nu 32:29 (P), 2 S 17:20, 22, 24 Is 16:8, + 37 times, + Gn 32:23 (E; acc. מַעֲבַר), וְעָֽבְרָה הָֽעֲבָרָה לַעֲבִיר 2 S 19:19 (read וַיַּעַבְרוּ We Dr Kit Löhr, and they crossed the ford, or וְעָֽבְרוּ frequent., HPS; > 𝔊 Klo Bu וַיַּעַבְדוּ הָעֲבֹדָה and they performed the service); also c. acc. + acc. loc. 1 S 13:7, + ה loc. Dt 4:26; 31:13, 32:47. (2) acc. om. Ju 3:28 2 S 17:16^(×2) + 32 times, + עֹבֵר Ju 8:4 (read וַיַּעֲבֹר Vrss, or del. as gloss GFM Bu), 2 S 15:23a (where read עֹמֵד for MT עֹבֵר We Dr Bu Kit Löhr HPS, but del. עֹבְרִים, plausibly, Klo HPS); c. אֶל־ †Nu 32:7 (JE), Dt 27:2 (D), Jos 4:13; 22:19 (both P), c. אֶל־עֵבֶר Dt 30:13, c. הָעֵבֶר 1 S 26:13; c.ה loc. †Dt 3:21; 4:14; 6:1; 11:8, 11; 34:4 Is 23:6; c. acc. loc. †Is 23:12 Je 2:10 Nu 32:32 (P). †b. cross border, boundary, c. acc. Nu 20:17b; 21:22b (both JE), + אֶל־ 1 S 27:2; of invasion, acc. om., c. אֶל־ Ju 11:32; 12:3 1 S 14:1, 6, 8, c. ה loc. 2 K 8:21, abs. 2 Ch 21:9; cf. Jb 14:5. c. cross over (sc. intervening space) against (עַל־) 1 S 14:4, unto 2 S 24:20 (read אֶל־ for עַל־ Bu HPS, cf. 𝔊L), so perhaps also Is 45:14 (עַל; read אֶל?); c. acc. of goal Am 5:5; 6:2. †d. pass, march over (sc. bodies of captives), Is 51:23^(×2). †e. = overflow, fig., Is 23:10, abs. of invasion (like a flood) Is 8:8, hence Dn 11:10, 40, Na 1:8 (cf. 4 c); of evil thoughts ψ 73:7; cf. עָֽבְרוּ דִבְרֵי־רָ֑ע Je 5:28 they overflow with evil matters. †f. pass, go, over, of waves, over one’s head, usually c. עַל־ Is 54:9 ψ 42:8; 88:17; 124:4, 5 (all fig.), Jon 2:4; c. acc. ψ 38:5, cf. Je 23:9 over whom wine hath gone (= overcome with wine). †g. of razor passing over head, c. עַל Nu 6:5; fig. of time passing over one, c. עַל־ 1 Ch 29:30 (cf. Biblical Aramaic חלף על Dn 4:13 +). †h. pass over upon (עַל־), in weakened sense, nearly = come or light upon; of spirit Nu 5:14^(×2), 30; abs. + מֵאֵת 1 K 22:24 = 2 Ch 18:23; c. עַל־ also light upon in chastisement or judgment, Ho 10:11 Jb 13:13, cf. Na 3:19; Dt 24:5 no affair shall pass over upon (עַל־) him, i.e. no duty be laid upon him. †i. overstep, transgress, c. acc. of covenant, command, etc. (usually divine); Nu 14:41; Jos 7:11, 15 (all JE), Dt 17:2; 26:13; Jos 23:16 (all D), Ju 2:20; 1 S 15:24; Ho 6:7; 8:1; 2 K 18:12; Je 34:18; Is 24:5 ψ 148:6 2 Ch 24:20; Dn 9:11; command of earthly king Est 3:3; abs. ψ 17:3 Jb 14:5. †j. pass over = overlook, forgive עַל־פֶּשַׁע Mi 7:18 (+ לְ pers.), Pr 19:11; c. לְ pers. only, Am 7:8; 8:2. †2. Pass beyond, c. acc. 1 S 14:23 (of battle), Je 5:22^(×2) (of sea); + אֶל Gn 31:52^(×2) (E); pass a little beyond ע׳ מְעַט מֵהָרֹאשׁ 2 S 16:1, כִּמְעַט שֶׁעָבַרְתִּי מֵהֶם Ct 3:4; c. acc. of God’s command (פֶּה), Pr 8:29 (of sea), Nu 22:18 = 24:13 (JE); acc. om. Jb 14:5 ψ 104:9. 3. Pass through, traverse, usually a. c. בְּ of land, city, etc.: Nu 21:23 (E), 20:21 Jos 18:9 (JE), Ex 12:2 (P), 1 S 9:4^(×4) 2 S 20:14 (+ ה loc.), + 31 times; c. בְּתוֹךְ †Ez 9:4 Jb 15:19; c. בְּקֶרֶב of camp, nation(s) †Jos 1:11; 3:2 (D), 24:17 (E), Am 5:17 Dt 29:15; c. acc. †Dt 2:18; 29:15 Ju 11:29^(×2) Is 10:29; abs. Ex 12:23 (J) 15:16 (JE), Nu 20:19, 20 (JE), Dt 2:28 Mi 5:7 La 3:44 Ez 14:15; 33:28; †opp. שׁוּב, pass through and return, go to and fro, Ex 32:27 (E; מִשַׁעַר לָשַׁעַר בְּ׳), pt. abs. those going to and fro Ez 35:7 Zc 7:14; 9:8. †b. c. בְּ of river 2 S 19:19 + 15:23 (but read עֹמֵד We Dr Bu al.), of sea Zc 10:11, cf. Is 43:2 ψ 66:6, c. בְּתוֹךְ Nu 33:8 (P), Ne 9:11; c. בְּ of gates Is 62:10^(×2); cf. עֹבְרֵי בְּעֵמֶק ψ 84:7 (Ges^{§ 130 a}). c. pt. abs. הָעֹבְרִים the passers-through Ez 39:11a, read prob. הָעֲבָרִים (JDMich Hi Co Berthol), v 11b (Co reads אֶת־הַגַּיְא; Toy del. as gloss), v 14 (del. 𝔊 𝔖 Co Toy Berthol). †d. pass through between (בֵּין) parts of victim, in covenant Gn 15:17 (J), Je 34:18, 19. e. traverse c. acc. of expanse of water Is 33:21 (of ship). 4. a. pass along by (עַל־), Gn 18:5 (J; not סַרְתֶּם אֶל־ Ball after 𝔊), 1 K 9:8 Je 18:16 + 14 times; c. עַל־פָּנָיו †Ex 34:6 (J); c. acc. †Gn 32:32 Ju 3:26 (on other possibilities v. GFM), 2 K 6:9; abs. pass by Ex 33:22^(×2) (J), 2 K 4:8 + 15 times, + (of wind) Jb 37:21 Pr 10:25 and (of waters, = flow past) Hb 3:10 (cf. Jb 6:15), Jb 11:16, hence מוֹר עֹבֵר Ct 5:5, 13 flowing myrrh (liquid, opp. hard = מ׳ דְּרוֹר Ex 30:23); pt. = passer-by Mi 2:8 Ez 5:14; 36:34; 39:15 + 6 times. (Pr 26:10 v. Toy), + עֹבֵר אֹרַח Is 33:8, עֹבְרֵי דֶרֶךְ †La 1:12; 2:15 Jb 21:29 Pr 9:15 ψ 80:13; 89:42; pass by = overtake and pass c. acc. †2 S 18:23. b. pass by, בְּ rei, ψ 103:16 (of wind); cf. Dt 2:4. c. sweep by, of scourge (fig.) Is 28:15, 18, 19 (cf. מַעֲבָר 3). d. be past, over, of time, etc., Am 8:5 1 K 18:29 Gn 50:4 Ct 2:11 + 7 times e. pass along (from hand to hand), only pt. שֶׁקֶל כֶּסֶף עֹבֵר לַסֹּחֵר Gn 23:16 i.e. current money of the merchant (v. Bu^{Th Lz 1892(3), 63}); כֶּסֶף עֹבֵר 2 K 12:5 (v. עֵרֶךְ). 5. Pass on, go on: a. abs. Gn 18:5 (J), Nu 22:26 (E), Ju 12:1 + 20 times, + Ju 11:29; 18:13 Jos 10:29 (D; all c. acc. of goal + מִן), Gn 18:3 (J; c. מֵעַל pers.); also c. אֶל־ pers. vel rei, proceed unto 1 K 19:19 2 K 4:8 Ne 2:14, c. עַל־ pers. (read אֶל־?) La 4:21; c. מִן Ru 2:8, out of the city 2 S 15:24; c. ה loc. Ju 12:1 2 S 19:41, c. ה loc. + מִן Jos 10:31, 34 (D); ע׳ מֵעִיר לָעִיר בארץ 2 Ch 30:10; abs. 2 S 19:41 all the people of Judah proceeding with the king (read עֹבְרִים for ויעברו, v. Hiph. ad fin.). †b. specif. of boundary-line, pass on, c. ה loc. Nu 34:4^(×2) Jos 15:3, 4; 16:6 (om. אוֹתוֹ 𝔊 𝔙 cf. Benn^Hpt Steuern); + מִן 19:13 + מִן + אֶל־ 18:13; c. מִן + לְ 15:6; c. אֶל־ 15:7, 10; 16:2; 18:18, 19; c. acc. loc. 15:3, 10, 11 (all P, except Jos 16:2 JE). c. c. לִפְנֵי pass on before, go in advance of Gn 32:17 Ex 17:5 (both E), Gn 32:22; 33:3, 14 (all J), Dt 9:3 + 7 times, + Dt 3:18, 28; 31:3^(×2) Jos 1:14 (all D) where ref. may be to crossing in advance of; c. עַל־פְּנֵו 2 S 15:18 so v 23b (reading עַל־פָּנָיו 𝔊L We Dr Klo Bu Kit HPS). †d. pass on as far as (עַד), Ju 19:12, + מִן v 18; c. אַחֲרֵי after 2 S 20:13; תַּעֲבָר־כּוֹם עַל La 4:21 pass on unto (cf. תִּסּוֹב Hb 2:16). †e. pass on into (בְּ), Jos 3:11 (+ לִפְנֵי), 4:7 (both JE), cf. Ju 9:26 Jb 33:28, so also ע׳ בִּבְרִית י׳ Dt 29:11 enter into a covenant with י׳; (Klo reads וַיַּעֲבֹר בַּבּ׳ also 2 K 23:3 for MT ויעמד). †f. pass on away from (מֵאֵת) Dt 2:8 (+ ה loc.). †g. pass on in order, for counting 2 S 2:15, עַל־יְדֵי מוֹנֶה Je 33:13, עֹבֵר עַל־הַפְּקֻדִים Ex 30:13, 14; 38:26, also pass on under (תַּחַת) rod Lv 27:32 (for counting; all P; cf. Hiph. 3 d). †h. pass along, travel c. acc. of way Is 35:8 cf. 51:10; עֹבֵר אָרְחוֹת יַמִּים ψ 8:9; c. בְּ of way Jos 3:4 Pr 4:15; 7:8. i. pass on, advance, abs., ψ 48:5 (Ol We pass away, perish), Mi 2:13a (acc. loc.). †6. Pass away: a. emigrate, leave one’s territory or city Mi 1:11. b. vanish, of chaff, Is 29:5 cf. Je 13:24, shadow ψ 144:4, brooks Jb 6:15 (all in sim.), Ct 5:6. c. = cease to exist, perish Na 1:12 Jb 30:15; 33:18 (בְּ instr.), 36:12 (id.), 34:20 ψ 37:36 (but read ואעבר and I passed by, cf. 4 a), cf. Is 31:9 (סלעו subj.), מֵאֱלֹהַי מִשְׁפָּטִי יַעֲבוֹר 40:27 pass away from. d. = become invalid, obsolete, of law, decree, Est 1:19; 9:27, also v 28 (+ מִתּוֹךְ הַיְהוּדִים). e. c. מִן of hands ψ 81:7 (i.e. they were freed from). f. = be alienated, pass into other hands Ez 48:14 (reading Kt; > Qr Hiph.).—Je 2:20 read אֶעֱבוֹד Kt (not אֶעֱבוֹר Qr); וָאֶתֵּן לָהֶם יַעַבְרוּם 8:13 and I gave to them that which they transgress 𝔖 𝔙 𝔗 Aq Symm Ew, those that shall pass over them Hi Gf Ke RVm, those that shall consume, devour them Rothst^Kau (reading יְבַעֲרוּם) but all very dub.; 𝔊 Co del.; 11:15 read Hiph. q.v.; מִנֹּגַהּ נֶגְדּוֹ עָבָיו עָֽבְרוּ ψ 18:13 is difficult; perhaps best, as Che Kit^Kau Löhr, out of the brightness before him issued forth hailstones, etc. (del. עָבָיו); > ‖ 2 S 22:13 בָּֽעֲרוּ and so here Bu HPS cf. Woods^{Hbr 1887, 262}, his clouds burned with hailstons, etc.; read rather עברו in 2 S.
†Niph. Impf. 3 ms. נַחַל אֲשֶׁר לֹא יֵעָבֵר Ez 47:5 a stream which cannot be forded.
Pi. 1. Pf. 3 ms. שׁוֹרוֹ עִבַּר Jb 21:10 his bull impregnateth (cf. NH מְעֻבֶּרֶת pregnant, Yeb 4:1, 2; 7:3 Keth 1:9; but note also that in 𝔗^J and Talm. (both Aramaic and Heb.) עִבַּר = conceive, עִבּוּר conception, עוֹבֵר embryo.) abs. (proposes causeth to pass over, sc. semen).* 2. Impf. 3 ms. וַיְעַבֵּר בְּ׳ 1 K 6:21 he made to pass across with chains of gold.—
Hithp. v. [עָבַר] infr.
†Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֶעֱבִיר 2 S 12:13 +; 2 ms. הֵעֲבַ֫רְתָּ Jos 7:7 (Ges^{§ 63 p}), וְהַעֲבַרְתָּ֫ Ez 5:1 +; 1 s. הֶעֱבַ֫רְתִּי Zc 3:4, וְהַעֲבַרְתִּ֫י Ez 20:37 + Je 15:14 (but read והעבדתי 𝔊 𝔖 𝔗 Codd Ew Hi Gf Gie), etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּעֲבֵר Gn 8:1 +, וַיַּעֲבֶר־ 2 Ch 36:22 = Ezr 1:1, sf. וַיַּעֲבִרֵנִי Ez 46:21 +, etc.; Imv. ms. הַעֲבֵר ψ 119:37 + 2 times, הַעֲבֶר־ 2 S 24:10 = 1 Ch 21:8; mpl. sf. הַעֲבִירוּנִי 2 Ch 35:23; Inf. abs. הַעֲבִיר Jos 7:7 (read prob. הַעֲבֵיר); cstr. הַעֲבִיר 2 S 3:10 +, לַעֲבִיר 2 S 19:19 (Ges^{§ 53 q}), etc.; Pt. מַעֲבִיר Dt 18:10 Dn 11:20, pl. מַעֲבִרִים 1 S 2:24 (v. infr.);— 1. cause to pass over, bring over: a. cause one to cross river, c. 2 acc., Gn 32:24 (J), Nu 32:5 Jos 7:7 (both JE), 2 S 19:16, 42; acc. of river om. Gn 32:24 (J), Jos 4:3; 7:7 (+ Inf. abs.; both JE), 4:8 (JE; + אֶל־), 2 S 2:8 (+ acc. loc.). b. cause something to pass over (עַל־): razor (acc.) Nu 8:7 (P), cf. Ez 5:1 (where Co reads sf. of razor), wind Gn 8:1 (P). c. make over to (ל), acc. of inheritance Nu 27:7, 8 (P); of making over, dedicating, something to (לְ) deity Ex 13:12 (JE; = קִדַּשׁ). Especially d. devote children to (לְ) heathen god Je 32:35 Ez 23:37 (+ לְאָכְלָה), Lv 18:21 (H), cf. Ez 16:21; + בָּאֵשׁ by fire 2 K 23:10; c. acc. alone devote Ez 20:26; c. acc. + בָּאֵשׁ alone, devote by fire Dt 18:10 2 K 16:3; 17:17; 21:6 = 2 Ch 33:6, Ez 20:31 (on the practice cf. Now^{Arch. ii. 205 f.} Benz^{Arch. 433 f.} Toy Ez:16:20; 20:26 GFM^{JBL xvi (1897), 161 ff.}). 2. a. cause to pass through, c. acc. + בְּ Ez 14:15; 47:3, 4 + v 4 (where ins. בְּ, cf. Co Berthol Toy), Nu 31:23^(×2) (P); c. acc. + בְּתוֹךְ ψ 136:14; c. acc. pers. alone 78:13, + אֶל־ Ez 46:21, + עַד־אֲשֶׁר Ne 2:7; c. acc. of (sound of) שׁוֹפָר Lv 25:9 (H), + בְּ v 9 (P); c. acc. קוֹל = proclamation, + בְּ Ex 36:6 (P), 2 Ch 30:5; 36:22 = Ezr 1:1, Ezr 10:7 (+ לִ pers.), Ne 8:15. b. let pass through, c. acc. + בְּ pers. Dt 2:30. 3. a. cause to pass by, c. acc. + עַל־, Ez 37:2 (+ סָבִיב סָבִיב), + עַל־פְּנֵי Ex 33:19 (J), + לִפְנֵי 1 S 16:8, 10 and (לִפְנֵי om.) v 9. b. let pass by, c. acc. מוֹעֵד Je 46:17 he hath let the set time pass by (in mocking appell. of Pharaoh). c. cause arrow to pass beyond one 1 S 20:36. d. cause to pass under rod, for counting, Ez 20:37 (cf. Qal 5 g). 4. Cause to pass away, take away, kingdom (acc.) + מִן pers. 2 S 3:10, cf. Est 8:2, put off robe + מֵעַל Jon 3:6; c. acc. of sin 2 S 12:13 (חַטָּאת) 24:10 = 1 Ch 21:8; Jb 7:21 (עָוֹן), + מֵעַל pers. Zc 3:4; Je 11:15 (reading יַעֲבִרוּ מֵעַל Ew Gf Gie); put away evil (acc.) from (מִן), 1 K 15:12 cf. ‖ 2 Ch 15:8; Zc 13:2; Ec 11:10; c. acc. alone ψ 119:39 Est 8:3; also take me away (sf.) 2 Ch 35:23 (c. מִן) v 24; turn away eyes (acc.) + מִן ψ 119:37.—Gn 47:21 read הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים Sam 𝔊 𝔙 Ol Kn Di Kau Holz; Je 15:14 read וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ 𝔊 𝔗 Codd Gie; 2 S 12:31 read וְהֶעֱבִיד Hoffm^{ZAW ii (1882), 53 f.} Gr Klo Bu Kit HPS, cf. Dr Löhr; 2 S 19:41 (for ויעברו Kt, הֶעֱבִרוּ Qr) read עֹבְרִים 𝔊 We Bu Löhr HPS, וַיַּעַבְרוּ Kit (v. Qal 5 a); Ez 48:14 read Qal (so Kt; v. Qal 6 f); מַעֲבִרִים עַם־י׳ 1 S 2:24 not good is the report which I hear the people of י׳ spreading (cf. 2), so Ew Th We Dr Kit Löhr RVm, but order of words difficult; > (ye) make the people of י׳ transgress 𝔙 AV RV; text dub.; מַעֲבִיר נוֹגֵשׂ Dn 11:20 one causing an exactor to pass through Ew al. RV, Bev proposes נוֹגֵשׂ מ׳ an exactor causing to pass away the glory, etc.BDB עָבַר.2

עֵ֫בֶר²

† II. עֵ֫בֶר n.pr.m. Eber (perhaps eponym of Hebrews, form inferred from עִבְרִי, cf. reff. there);—
1. ‘son’ of Shelaḥ, and ‘grandson’ of Arpachshad Gn 10:24 (J) = 1 Ch 1:18; Gn 11:14, 15 (P); ‘father’ of Peleg and Joktan 10:25 (J; with especially ref. to Joktan v 26 ff., i.e. to Arabians) = 1 Ch 1:19 (cf. v 20 ff.), of Peleg specif. Gn 11:16, 17 (P; with especially ref. to Abr. v 26 f.) cf. 1 Ch 1:25 (see v 27 f.); in Gn 10:21 (J) Shem is called אֲבִי כָּל־בְּנֵי־עֵבֶר; 𝔊 Εβερ.—ע׳ Nu 24:24 perhaps (si vera l.) belongs not here (= עִבְרִים Hebrews, 𝔊 Ἐβραίους, so Thes), but sub i. עֵבֶר = the (land) beyond (the river), ‖ אַשּׁוּר, so Di Kau.
2. a Gadite chief 1 Ch 5:13, 𝔊 Ωβηδ, 𝔊L Εβερ.
3. Benjamite names: a. 1 Ch 8:12, 𝔊 Ωβηδ, 𝔊L Αβερ. b. 1 Ch 8:22 (עֵבֶר van d. H. Ginsb; עֶבֶד Baer), 𝔊 Ωβδη, A Ωβηδ, 𝔊L Αβερ.
4. a priest Ne 12:20 𝔊L Αβεδ.BDB עֵ֫בֶר².2

עָבַר²

† [עָבַר] vb. denom.
Hithp. be arrogant, infuriate oneself;—Pf. 3 ms. הִתְעַבָּ֑ר ψ 78:62; 2 ms. הִתְעַבַּ֫רְתָּ 89:39; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְעַבֵּר Dt 3:26, וַיִּתְעַבָּ֑ר ψ 78:21, 59; Pt. מִתְעַבֵּר Pr 14:16; 26:17; sf. מִתְעַבְּרוֹ 20:2;— 1. be arrogant, Pr 14:16 (opp. יָרֵא). 2. a. put oneself in a fury, become furious. c. בְּ pers. Dt 3:26 ψ 78:62; c. עִם pers. 89:39; abs. 78:21, 59 (all of God); of man, c. עַל rei. Pr 26:17. b. incite one to fury for oneself Pr 20:2 (si vera l.; cf. De Ges^{§ 54 f.}).BDB עָבַר².2

עֲבָרָה

† עֲבָרָה n.f. ford, rare synon. of מַעֲבָר, מַעְבָּרָה;—abs. הָע׳ 2 S 19:19 and they crossed the ford (v. עבר Qal 1 a); pl. cstr. עַבְרוֹת הַמִּדְבָּר 2 S 15:28 Kt (Qr עַרְבוֹת), so 17:16 van d. H. (but Baer Ginsb עַרְבוֹת Kt also), עַב׳ preferable (so Th We Dr Bu Kit Löhr HPS), the fords of the desert (HPS 17:16 n.pr.).BDB עֲבָרָה.2

עֶבְרָה

† עֶבְרָה n.f. overflow, arrogance, fury;—abs. ע׳ Is 13:9 +; cstr. עֶבְרַת Zp 1:18 +; sf. עֶבְרָתִי Is 10:6 +, etc.; pl. עֲבָרוֹת Jb 21:30; cstr. עַבְרוֹת ψ 7:7 Jb 40:11;—
1. overflow, excess, outburst, ע׳ זָדוֹן Pr 21:24 excess of insolence; עַבְרוֹת אַפֶּ֑ךָ Jb 40:11 outbursts of thine anger.
2. arrogance, of Moab Is 16:6 (+ גַּאֲוָה, גָּאוֹן), hence Je 48:30 (+ id. v 29).
3. overflowing rage, fury: a. of men, Gn 49:7 (poem in J), Am 1:11 (both ‖ אַף), Is 14:6 Pr 14:35, שֵׁבֶט עֶבְרָתוֹ 22:8 (i.e. rod wielded by him in fury, v. also La 3:1 infr.), עַבְרוֹת צוֹרְרָ֑י ψ 7:7 the outbursts of fury of my foes. b. of י׳ Ho 5:10; 13:11 (‖ אַף), Hb 3:8 (‖ id.), Is 9:18 La 2:2 ψ 90:9, 11; + חֲרוֹן אַף Is 13:9, ‖ id. v 13 ψ 78:49 (+ זַעַם), 85:4; אֵשׁ עֶבְרָתִי Ez 21:36 (‖ זַעַם), 22:31 (‖ id.), v 21; 38:19; שֵׁבֶט עֶבְרָתוֹ La 3:1 (cf. Pr 22:8 supr.); עַם עֶבְרָתִי Is 10:6 (i.e. obj. of my rage), cf. דּוֹר עֶבְרָתוֹ Je 7:29; יוֹם עֶבְרַת י׳ Zp 1:18 day of י׳’s fury (coming judgment), so Ez 7:19 (del. Co Berthol, after 𝔊, as gloss from Zp); so יוֹם עֶבְרָה Zp 1:15 Pr 11:4; יוֹם עֲבָרוֹת Jb 21:30; cf. עֶבְרָה Pr 11:23.BDB עֶבְרָה.2

עִבְרִי

† I. עִבְרִי adj. et n. gent. Hebrew, either
a. put into the mouth of foreigners (Egyptian and Philist.), or b. used to distinguish Isr. from foreigners ( = one from beyond, from the other side, i.e. prob. (in Heb. trad.) from beyond the Euphrates (cf. Jos 24:2, 3 E), but poss. in fact (if name given in Canaan) from beyond the Jordan; cf. Ges^{§ 2 b}Sta^{§ 1 b} Kö^{i. 18 ff.} We^{Isr. u. Jüd. Gesch. 7} Kau^{‘Eber’ and ‘Hebräer’} in Ri^{HWB 332, 600}.—On connexion of ע׳ (in wide sense) with Ḫabirû (Tel Am.) v. Wkl^{Gesch. Isr. 17 ff.; Sem. Studies in Mem. of Kohut, 605 ff.} EMey^{Aegyptica [Ebers], 75} cf. Glaser^{MVG 1897, 255 ff.} Kö^{Exp. Times xi. 238}; opp. Jastr^{JBL xi (1892), 118 ff.} Say^{Monuments 188, 333} WMM^{As. u. Eur. 396});—ms. ע׳ Gn 39:14 +; fs. עִבְרִיָּה Dt 15:12 Je 34:9; mpl. עִבְרִים Gn 43:32 +, עִבְרִיִּים Ex 3:18; fpl. עִבְרִיֹּת Ex 1:15 + 2 times, -וֹת 1:16; word not in P;—
1. adj. a. אִישׁ עִבְרִי Gn 39:14 cf. v 17 (both J), 41:12 (E). b. אִישׁ עִבְרִי Ex 2:11 cf. v 13; 21:2 (all E), Dt 15:12; Je 34:9, 14; f. Dt 15:12; Je 34:9.
2. n. a. Ex 1:16, 19; 2:7 (all f.) 2:6 (all E), 1 S 4:6, 9; 13:19; 14:11; 29:3. b. Gn 40:15 Ex 1:15 (f.; both E), 1 S 13:3; 14:21; Gn 43:32 (J); especially in אֱלֹהֵי הָעִבְרִים Ex 3:18; 5:3; 7:16; 9:1, 13; 10:3 (all J); sg. only אַבְרָם הָע׳ Gn 14:13, ע׳ אָנֹ֑כִי Jon 1:9.—𝔊 Ἐβραῖος, Ἐβραία, Gn 14:13 τῷ περάτῃ.—1 S 13:7 read prob. for וְעִבְרִים וגו׳, וְעָֽבְרוּ מַעְבְּרוֹת הַיַּרְדֵּן (We), or, better, וַיַּעַבְרוּ Dr Kit Löhr; > וְעַם רַב Klo Bu HPS.BDB עִבְרִי.2

עִבְרִי²

† II. עִבְרִי n.pr.m. Levite name, 1 Ch 24:27; 𝔊 Αβαι, A Ωβδι, 𝔊L Αβαρια.BDB עִבְרִי².2

עֲבָרִים

† עֲבָרִים n.pr.loc. ʿAbārîm (proposes regions beyond river or sea);—usually הַר הָע׳ Nu 27:12 Dt 32:49 (= הַר־נְבוֹ; both P), and הָרֵי הָע׳ 33:47 (לִפְנֵי נְבוֹ), v 48 (P); alone only צַעֲקִי מֵעֲבָרִים Je 22:20; the mountainous district in NW. Moab, just NE. of Dead Sea, GASm^{Geogr. 548 and EBi} Buhl^{Geogr. 122}; 𝔊 Αβαρειμ (-ειν), but τὸ ἐν τῷ πέραν Nu 33:47, εἰς τὸ πέραν τῆς θαλάσσης Je 22:20.—Vid. also sub עִיִּים.BDB עֲבָרִים.2

עֶבְרֹן

עֶבְרֹן n.pr.loc. Jos 19:38 (𝔊 Ελβων, A 𝔊L Αχραν); read probably עַבְדֹּן q.v.BDB עֶבְרֹן.2

עַבְרֹנָה

† עַבְרֹנָה n.pr.loc. a station of Israelites in wilderness, one march from Ezion-geber, on Gulf of Aḳaba Nu 33:34, 35 (P); 𝔊 (Σ)εβρωνα.BDB עַבְרֹנָה.2

עָבַשׁ

† [עָבַשׁ] vb. shrivel (cf. Arabic عَبَسَ contract (especially face), frown);—
Qal Pf. 3 mpl. עָֽבְשׁוּ פְרֻדוֹת Jo 1:17 the grains have shrivelled (cf. Dr Now).BDB עָבַשׁ.2

עֲבֹת

† עֲבֹת n.m. ^{Ju 15:13} + et f. ^{Ju 15:14}; Jb 39:10 (twisted) cord, rope; cordage; interwoven foliage (?);—abs. ע׳ Ex 28:14 + 2 times; cstr. עֲבוֹת Is 5:18 ψ 129:4; sf. 3 ms. עֲבֹתוֹ Jb 39:10, 3 mpl. עֲבֹתֵ֑ימוֹ ψ 2:3; pl. עֲבֹתִים Ju 15:13 +, עֲבֹתֹת Ex 28:14 +, etc.;—
1. cord, rope: a. as fetter, Ju 15:13, 14; 16:11, 12; Ez 3:25; 4:8; Jb 39:10 (of wild ox), so also prob. ψ 118:27 bind the festal victim (חַג) with cords Ew Ol De Hup-Now Dr al.; > with branches Che, cf. Bae Du; fig. of authority ψ 2:3 (‖ מוֹסְרוֹתֵימוֹ), 129:4. b. עֲבוֹת הָעֲגָלָה Is 5:18 i.e. with which a cart is drawn (in sim.; ‖ חַבְלֵי הַשָּׁוְא); fig. עֲבֹתוֹת אַהֲבָה Ho 11:4 with the cords of love, of י׳’s drawing Isr. (‖ חַבְלֵי אָדָם). c. cordage, cord, of (twisted) golden chains on high priest’s breast-piece (all P): מַעֲשֵׂה עֲבֹת, cordage-work Ex 28:14, 22; 39:15; שַׁרְשְׁרֹת הָעֲבֹתֹת 28:14 the chains of cords (cordlike chains); שְׁתֵּי (הָ)עֲבֹתֹת the two cords v 24, 25; 39:17, 18.
2. interwoven foliage (?) in phr. (עַל־)בֵּין עֲבֹתִים of top of a vine Ez 19:11 (clouds Ew Hi-Sm Toy, read then עָבוֹת); of cedar, 31:3, 10, 14, but in these certainly clouds, so 𝔊 Ew Hi-Sm Co al.BDB עֲבֹת.2

עָבַת

† [עָבַת] vb.
Pi. wind, weave (cf. derivatives);—Impf. 3 mpl. sf. וַיְעַבְּתוּהָ Mi 7:3 and (so) they wind it (or weave it; i.e. mischief); so Hi Che GASm, but dub.; Ew reads עָבַט = twist, pervert (cp. Jo 2:7, but v. עבט), We וַיְעַוְּתוּהָ = id., cf. Now (?), Dr.BDB עָבַת.2

עֹג

עֹג v. עוֹג.BDB עֹג.2

עָגַב

† [עָגַב] vb. have inordinate affection, lust (cf. Arabic عَجِبَ wonder, admire, عَجِيبٌ beloved; and (on sens. obsc. in NH) Levy^{NHWB iii. 616});—
Qal Pf. 3 fs. עָֽגְבָה Ez 23:7, 9, 12; Impf. 3 fs. וַתַּעְגַּב v 5, + v 16 Kt (Qr וַתַּעְגְּבָה), וַתַּעְגְּבַה v 20 (Ew^{§ 191 c} Ol^{§ 228 b}); Pt. pl. עֹגְבִים Je 4:30;—lust after (עַל־), only in fig. of relations of Samaria and Jerus. (personif.) with foreigners Ez 23:5, 9, 12, 16, 20, so c. acc. v 7; pt. as subst. paramours Je 4:30.BDB עָגַב.2

עָגָב

† [עָגָב] n.[m.] (sensuous) love (on form cf. Lag^{BN 143});—only pl. intens. שִׁיר עֲגָבִים Ez 33:32 thou art to them as a love-song.—For עֲגָבִים v 31 read כְּזָבִים 𝔊 𝔖 Co Berthol Toy.BDB עָגָב.2

עֲגָבָה

† [עֲגָבָה] n.f. lustfulness;—sf. עַגְבָתָהּ Ez 23:11 (of personif. Jerus.; ‖ תַּזְנוּתֶיהָ).BDB עֲגָבָה.2

עֻגָה

עֻגָה v. עוג.BDB עֻגָה.2

עֻגָה²

† עֻגָה n.f. disc or cake of bread;—abs. ע׳ Ho 7:8; 1 K 17:13, cstr. עֻגַת 19:6; Ez 4:12; pl. עֻגוֹת Gn 18:6; Nu 11:8; cstr. עֻגֹת Ex 12:39;—bread-cake, made of קֶמַח סֹלֶת Gn 18:6 (J), of קֶמַח 1 K 17:13, of manna Nu 11:8 (JE; vb. בִּשֵּׁל), of barley Ez 4:12 (sim.); unleavened, עֻגֹת מַצּוֹת Ex 12:39 (E; vb. אָפָה); ע׳ רְצָפִים 1 K 19:6 cake of hot-stones, i.e. baked on them; metaph. ע׳ בְּלִי הֲפוּכָה Ho 7:8 Ephr. is a cake not turned (i.e. burnt, ruined).—On ע׳ v. Benz^{Arch. 85 f.} Now^{Arch. i. iii} Kennedy^{Ency. Bib.Bread} and synonyms, Ib.^Cake.BDB עֻגָה².2

עָגוּר

† עָגוּר n.[m.] appar. understood by Mass. as name of a bird; very uncertain; crane according to Saad. (Is), but note of crane not suitable (Tristr^{NHB 239 f.});—וְתוֹר וְסוּס וְעָגוּר Je 8:7; כְּסוּס עָגוּר Is 38:14 (but here gloss Klo Brd Di Dn Che^Hpt); Thes and (in Je) Hi Gf Gie del. וְ and take ע׳ as adj. of סוס = twittering or the like; Thes assumes transpos. from גער, Ethiopic ግዕረ: cry.BDB עָגוּר.2

עָגִיל

† עָגִיל n.[m.] hoop, ring;—abs. ע׳ Nu 31:50 prob. ear-ring (+ טַבַּעַת, etc.); pl. עֲגִילִים עַל־ אָזְנָ֑יִךְ Ez 16:12 (+ נֶזֶם עַל־אַפֵּךְ nose-ring).BDB עָגִיל.2

עגל

עגל (√ of foll.; cf. NH עָגַל Niph. berounded; Pi. roll a thing, etc.; Aramaic Pa. ܥܰܓܶܠ roll a thing, and deriv.; 𝔗 עֲגוּלָא rolled cake, עֲגִילָא shield, בַּעֲגָלָא, Syriac ܒܰܥܓܰܠ, in swiftness, swiftly; Arabic عَجِلَ hasten, be swift, cf. Lag^{BN 31, 143}).BDB עגל.2

עֵ֫גֶל

† עֵ֫גֶל n.m. ^{Ex 32:24} calf (as rolling or gamboling? cf. כַּר fr. כָּרַר; NH id.; Ph. (Pu.) עגל id. Lzb ³³⁶; עגילו Palm. n.pr. id. Cook⁸⁹; Aramaic ܥܶܓܠܴܐ, ܥܓܶܠܬܳܐ, עִיגְלָא, עֲגַלְתָּא, id.; Assyrian [agalu], pl. agalê prob. calves Dl^{HWB 16} (cf. against this Jen^{Kosmol. 110}, but v. also Jäger^{BAS ii. 2, 286}); Arabic عِجْلٌ, id.; Ethiopic እጕል, እጉልት, cf. also Hom^{NS 226});—ע׳ abs. Ex 32:19 +; cstr. 1 S 28:24 +; sf. עֶגְלֵךְ Ho 8:5; pl. עֲגָלִים Ho 13:2 +; cstr. עֶגְלֵי 1 K 12:28 +;—calf, Is 11:6; 27:10 in sim. of leaping mts. ψ 29:6; in sim. of foot-sole of cherubim Ez 1:7; ע׳ מַרְבֵּק i.e. a stall-fed (fatted) calf, 1 S 28:24, in sim. Je 46:21; Mal 3:20, cf. ע׳ מִתּוֹךְ מַרְבֵּק Am 6:4; ע׳ לֹא לֻמָּ֑ד Je 31:18 an untrained calf; עֶגְלֵי עַמִּים ψ 68:31 calves of peoples, i.e. peoples like calves, so most; perhaps read בַּעֲלֵי עמ׳ Matthes Che Gunkel^{Schöpf. 66 f.} cf. Bae; calf as sacrif. victim Mi 6:6; Lv 9:2, 3, 8 (P); cut in two, in ratifying covenant Je 34:18, 19 (cf. עֶגְלָה Gn 15:9); elsewhere image of calf: made at Horeb, ע׳ מַסֵּכָה Ex 32:4, 8; Dt 9:16; Ne 9:18; ע׳ alone Ex 32:19, 20, 24, 35; Dt 9:21 ψ 106:19; two set up by Jerob. I in N. Isr., 1 K 12:28, 32; 2 K 10:29; 17:16 2 Ch 11:15; 13:8, cf. Ho 8:5, 6 (עֶגְלֵךְ, ע׳ שֹׁמְרוֹן), 13:2; also 10:5 (v. i. עֶגְלָה as fin.).BDB עֵ֫גֶל.2

עָגֹל

† עָגֹל, עָגוֹל adj. round;—abs. עָגֹל 1 K 7:23 + 2 times, עָגוֹל 10:19 2 Ch 4:2; fpl. עֲגֻלּוֹת 1 K 7:31;—round 1 K 7:31^(×2) (opp. מְרֻבָּעוֹת), 10:19; ע׳ סָבִיב round in circuit (perimeter) 7:23 = 2 Ch 4:2; 1 K 7:35.BDB עָגֹל.2

עֲגָלָה

† עֲגָלָה n.f. cart (from rolling of wheels; NH id.; Ph. (Pu.) עגלת (?) Lzb³³⁶; Aramaic עֲגַלְתָּא, ܥܳܓܶܠܬܳܐ; Sem. loan-word in Egyptian āgartȧ Bondi³⁸, ʿagolt Erman^{Egyptian 491}; cf. also Wilkinson^{Anc. Egypt. (1878), i. 223—241, especially 235, also 249} (illustr. vehicles drawn by cattle, cf. 1 S 6:7 Nu 7:3));—abs. ע׳ 1 S 6:7 +, sf. עֶגְלָתוֹ Is 28:28; pl. עֲגָלוֹת Gn 45:19 +; cstr. עֶגְלֹת Nu 7:3;—cart, used for transporting persons and things Gn 45:19, 21, 27; 46:5 (E), 1 S 6:7^(×2), 8, 10, 11, 14^(×2), 2 S 6:3^(×2) = 1 Ch 13:7^(×2); Nu 7:3 (ע׳ צָב covered carts), v 3, 6, 7, 8 (P); in sim. Am 2:13, עֲבוֹת הַע׳ Is 5:18 cart-rope, אוֹפַן ע׳ 28:27 of (threshing-) wagon (cf. Dr^{Am. p. 228}), גִּלְגַּל ע׳ v 28 id.;—ע׳ = warchariots only ψ 46:10 (Du transport-wagons).BDB עֲגָלָה.2

עֶגְלָה

† I. עֶגְלָה n.f. heifer;—abs. ע׳ Gn 15:9 +; cstr. עֶגְלַת Is 7:21 +; sf. עֶגְלָתִי Ju 14:18; pl. cstr. עֶגְלוֹת Ho 10:5 (but v. infr.);—heifer, Is 7:21, used in ploughing Ju 14:18 (fig.), threshing Je 50:11 (ע׳ דָשָׁא, in sim., v. דּוּשׁ, read perhaps דָשָׁה), fig. of stateliness etc. Je 46:20; ע׳ מְלֻמָּדָה Ho 10:11 a trained heifer (sim. of Ephr.); used for sacrif. 1 S 16:2 (עֶגְלַת בָּקָר); cut in two for ratifying covenant Gn 15:9 (J; ע׳ מְשֻׁלֶּשֶׁת; cf. עֵגֶל Je 34:18, 19); in cleansing city from blood-guiltiness Dt 21:3 (ע׳ בָּקָר), v 4^(×2), 6; once of calves worshipped in N. Isr. Ho 10:5 (where read prob. עֵגֶל, so 𝔊 We Now GASm, cf. Che, v. also the foll. sfs. ms.).BDB עֶגְלָה.2

עֶגְלָה²

† II. עֶגְלָה n.pr.f. wife of David (on sense heifer cf. לֵאָה, רָחֵל; v. also Gray^{Prop. N. 92, No. 27});—2 S 3:5 (𝔊 Αιγαλ, A Αιγας, 𝔊L Αγλα) = 1 Ch 3:3 (𝔊 Αλα, A Αγλα, 𝔊L Εγλα).BDB עֶגְלָה².2

עֶגְלוֹן

עֶגְלוֹן₁₃ n.pr. (cf. Gray^{Prop. N. 92, No. 27});—
†1. m. a king of Moab, Ju 3:12, 14, 15, 17^(×2), 𝔊 Εγλωμ.
2. loc. Jos 10:3, 5, 23, 37; 12:12; 15:34, c. ה loc. 10:34, מֵעֶגְלוֹ֫נָה v 36; 𝔊 Οδολλαμ Jos 10; Αιλαμ 12:12, A Εγλωμ, 𝔊L Εγλων, and so 15:39; site ʿAǧlân, N. of Telel-Ḥesy, Buhl^{Geogr. 192}.BDB עֶגְלוֹן.2

עֶגְלַ֫יִם

עֶגְלַ֫יִם Ez 47:10 in עֵין ע׳ q.v.BDB עֶגְלַ֫יִם.2

עֶגְלַת

† עֶגְלַת n.pr.loc.;—ע׳ שְׁלִשִׁיָּה (the) third Eglath Is 15:5 (𝔊 δάμαλις τριετής) Je 48:34 (𝔊 ἀγγελίαν Σαλασεια), near Zoar and S. border of Moab.BDB עֶגְלַת.2

עָגַם

† [עָגַם] vb. be grieved (NH id.; Aramaic עֲגַם, and ܥܓܡ (in Lexx.) id.; cf. perhaps also Assyrian agâmu, be vexed Dl^{HWB 16} (rare; cited under אגם));—
Qal Pf. 3 fs. אִם־לֹא … עָֽגְמָה נַפְשִׁי לָאֶבְיוֹן Jb 30:25 was not my soul grieved for the poor? (‖ בָּכִיתִי).BDB עָגַם.2

עָגַן

† [עָגַן] vb.
Niph. shut oneself in or off (NH id., Pt. pass. restrained (especially from marriage), also עוֹגִין anchor; 𝔗 עֲגַן be imprisoned);—Impf. 2 fpl. תֵּעָגֵ֫נָה לְבִלְתִּי הֱיוֹת לְאִישׁ Ru 1:13 would ye shut yourselves off, so as not to belong to a man?BDB עָגַן.2

עגר

עגר (√ of foll., meaning dubious; conject. in Meier^{WurzelWB 38} Lag^{BN 59}; on Gk. ἀγορ cf. Lewy^{Fremdw. 8}).BDB עגר.2

עֵד

עֵד v. עוד.BDB עֵד.2

עַד

I, II, III. עַד v. I. עדה.BDB עַד.2

עֹד

עֹד v. עוֹד.BDB עֹד.2

עֵד²

עֵד₆₉ n.m. Dt 17:6 witness (prob. from reiterating, hence emphatically affirming);—ע׳ abs. Gn 31:48 +, cstr. Ex 20:16 +; sf. עֵדִי Jb 16:19; pl. עֵדִים Nu 35:30 +, cstr. עֵדֵי ψ 27:12; 35:11; sf. עֵדַי Is 43:10, 12, etc.;—
†1. witness, testimony, evidence, of things: heap of stones Gn 31:44, 48, 52 (JE), torn animal Ex 22:12 (E), song of Moses Dt 31:19, 21 (R), law-book v 26 (D), witness of י׳ against Israel; altar E. of Jordan, c. בֵּין, Jos 22:27, 28, 34 (P), cf. Is 19:20; Job’s evil condition Jb 16:8; the moon ψ 89:38.
2. witness, a person: †a. God, in heaven for Job Jb 16:19; on earth, for Samuel 1 S 12:5^(×2) + v 6 𝔊 Th and most, Jeremiah Je 42:5; see also 1 S 20:12 (ins. עֵד bef. י׳ 𝔖 Dr Bu Kit Löhr HPS); against persons Je 29:23; Mal 3:5, nations Mi 1:2; between (בֵּין) persons Gn 31:50 (E). b. Davidic dyn., to nations Is 55:4. c. witnesses, of transfer of property Je 32:10, 12, 25, 44, betrothal Ru 4:9, 10, 11; usually of testimony in court, and in civil and social relations, c. בְּ against, Nu 5:13 Jos 24:22 1 S 12:5 +, c. קום rise up against ψ 27:12; 35:11; †עָנָה עֵד שֶׁקֶר בְּ answer (in court) as a false witness against Ex 20:16 = עֵד שָׁוְא Dt 5:17, Pr 25:18; †לְפִי עֵדִים Nu 35:30 (P); †עַל־פִּי עֵדִ(ים) Dt 17:6^(×2) at the mouth of witnesses, so 19:15^(×2).—False witness is ע׳ שֶׁקֶר Ex 20:16 Dt 19:18^(×2) ψ 27:12 Pr 6:19; 14:5; ע׳ שְׁקָרִים 12:17; 19:5, 9; ע׳ כְּזָבִים 21:28; ע׳ חִנָּם 24:28; ע׳ בְּלִיַּעַל 19:28; ע׳ חָמָס witness of (i.e. supporting) violence Ex 23:1 (E) Dt 19:16 ψ 35:11. Faithful witness is ע׳ אֱמוּנִים Pr 14:5; ע׳ אֱמֶת Je 42:5; Pr 14:25.BDB עֵד².2

עַד²

† I. עַד and וָעֶ֑ד (so always) n.m. perpetuity ( = advancing time, cf. Assyrian adû, time, at the present time);—
1. of past time: מִנִּי עַד Jb 20:4; הררי עד Hb 3:6 ancient mountains (cf. עולם 1) so Gn 49:26 (read הַרְרֵי עַד for הוֹרַ֔י עַד).
2. of future time, לָעַד (usually לָעַ֑ד) for ever: a. during lifetime, of king ψ 21:7 Pr 29:14; of others ψ 9:19; 22:27; 61:9 Pr 12:19. b. of things, לָעַד בַּצּוּר יֵחָֽצֵב֑וּן Jb 19:24. c. of continuous existence, of nations, גְּבֶרֶת עַד (of Babylon, cf. עולם 2 c) Is 47:7 (yet v. iii. עַד II 3); anger, לעד Am 1:11; elsewhere עֲדֵי עַד ψ 83:18; 92:8 Is 26:4; 65:18. d. of divine existence, שֹׁכֵן עַד Is 57:15; attributes, לָעַד ψ 111:3, 10; 112:3, 9; residence in Zion, עֲדֵי עַד 132:14; law of God, לָעַד 19:10; promise as to dynasty of David, לָעַד 89:30; עֲדֵי עַד 132:12; inheritance of land, לָעַד 37:29; continuous relations between God and his people 1 Ch 28:9; Is 64:8; Mi 7:18 לעד. e. phrases (see עולם 2 m): (לְ)עוֹלָם וָעֶ֑ד ψ 9:6; 10:16; 21:5; 45:7, 18; 48:15; 52:10; 104:5; 119:44; 145:1, 2, 21; Ex 15:18; Mi 4:5; Dn 12:3; לָעַד לְעוֹלָם ψ 111:8; 148:6; עַד־עוֹלְמֵי עַד Is 45:17.—Is 30:8 read (עַד־עוֹלָם) לְעֵד for a witness (𝔖 𝔊 𝔗 Ges Ew Di Che Du) for MT לָעַד.BDB עַד².2

עַד³

† II. עַד n.[m.] booty, prey (upon which one advances, falls); cf. 𝔗 עֲדִי booty, Is 10:2; 33:23 +.—יֹאכַל עַד Gn 49:27 devour prey (‖ שָׁלָל); עַד שָׁלָל מַרְבֶּה Is 33:23 prey of great spoil; קוּמִי לְעַד Zp 3:8 (of God) my rising up to the prey (Br^MP); אֲבִי עַד Is 9:5 father (i.e. distributor) of booty (Hi Kn Kue Br^MP Du Che^Hpt; > Ges Ew Di al. everlasting father).BDB עַד³.2

עַד⁴

III. עַד in poetry עֲדֵי (†Nu 24:20, 24 ψ 104:23; 147:6; Jb 7:4; 20:5, and in עֲדֵי עַד Is 26:4; 65:18 ψ 83:18; 92:8; 132:12, 14: cf. אֱלֵי, עֲלֵי), prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while (Aramaic עד, ܥܕ; Sab. עד, עדי, Mordtm^{ZMG xxx (1876), 27}; DHM^{xxxvii (1883), 414}, Assyrian adi Dl^{§ 81 a} (Arabic عَدَا is except); perhaps akin to عَدَا pass on, advance to, Kö^{ii. 304, 309}: עֲדֵי prob. from ground-form ʿădăy, Ol^{428, 421} Kö^{ii. 309 ff.}; but Lag^{Sym. ii. 101—3, Mitth. i. 231 f.}; as plur. like אַחֲרֵי);—with sf. עָדַי Nu 23:18 +, עָדֶיךָ Mi 4:8 +, etc., עָֽדֵיכֶם †Jb 32:12; 2 K 9:18 עַד־הֵם occurs; —as far as,- even to (differing from אֶל, in that the limit is included, as in Arabic حَتَّى Fl^{Kl.Schr. i. 402 f.}):
I. prep. 1. of space:— a. Gn 11:31 ויבאו עד חרן as far as Haran, 12:6; 13:3, 12 + often, Is 8:8 עד צואר יגיע, 15:4 עד יהץ נשׁמע קולם, 25:12; 26:5 ψ 36:6 אמונתך עד שׁחקים, 69:2 באו מים עד נפשׁ (cf. Jon 2:6; Mi 1:9; Je 4:10, 18), 90:3 תָּשֵׁב אֱנוֹשׁ עַד דַּכָּא, Jb 11:7, etc.; pregn. ψ 118:27 אִסְרוּ־חַג עַד וגו׳ bind … (and lead) up to …; Is 57:9 עַד מֵרָחוֹק even to afar (מִן 1 c); with the goal a person, Ex 22:8 עד האלהים יָבֹא דְבַר שְׁנֵיהֶם, 1 S 9:9 ψ 65:3 עָדֶיךָ כָל־בָּשָׂר יָבֹאוּ, Is 45:24; Jb 4:5, שׁוּב עַד י׳ Ho 14:2 al. (v. שׁוּב, stronger than שׁוּב אֶל־י׳); poet. Nu 24:20 וְאַחֲרִיתוֹ עֲדֵי אֹבֵד shall be even unto destruction, shall issue in destruction, v 24; rarely with verbs of attending, הֶאֱזִין עַד †Nu 23:18, הִתְבּוֹנֵן עַד †Jb 32:12; 38:18 (usually אֶל). Before another prep., 1 S 7:11 עַד מִתַּחַת ל׳, 1 K 4:12 עַד מֵעֵבֶר ל׳, עַד מֵעַל Ez 41:20, עַד לִפְנֵי Est 4:2, and even (si vera l.) עַד אֲלֵיהֶם 2 K 9:20: cf. עַד נֶגֶד Ne 3:16, 26, עַד נֹכַח Ju 19:10 +. b. In the combin. מִן … (וְ)עַד, as Gn 10:19 מצידון … עַד עַזָּה from Sidon … as far as Gaza + often (v. מן 5 a); and idiom., not of actual space, but of classes of objects, to express the idea of both … and, as Gn 19:4 מִנַּעַר וְעַד זָקִן from young to old (inclusively) = both young and old (v. מִן 5 b); without מִן, even to = including, Lv 11:42 Nu 8:4 even to (i.e. including) its base and its flowers, cf. 1 S 18:4. 2. Of time: a. (a) even to, until Gn 8:5 even to the 10th month, Ex 12:6 unto the 14th day, etc., v 15, 18, etc.; עד היום unto this day, Gn 19:37, 38, עד היום הזה 26:33; 32:33, both + often; עד יום sq. inf. Ex 40:37 Jos 6:10 Ju 18:30; עד בקר till morning, Ex 12:10 + (15 times), עד הבקר 16:23 + (11 times); so עד (ה)ערב Ex 18:13, 14 +, poet. עֲדֵי ערב ψ 104:23; עַד עוֹלָם Gn 13:15 + often; עַד שֶׁבַע פְּעָמִים 2 K 4:35; עַד דּוֹר וָדוֹר Is 13:20; v. also בְּלִי, and בִּלְתִּי, ad fin. And sq. another prep., Lv 23:16 עַד מִמָּחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת, Ne 13:9 עַד אַחַר הַשַּׁבָּת. With the force of against, Ju 6:31 יוּמַת עַד הַבֹּקֶר; cf. (b) end. (b) sq. inf., both of past time, as Gn 8:7; 32:25 עַד עֲלוֹת הַשַּׁחַר, 33:3; 34:5, and especially of future time, as 3:19 עַד שׁוּבְךָ until thy returning, 19:22; 27:45 Dt 7:20, 23; 20:20; 22:2; 28:20, 22,—both + often; cf. עַד בּוֹשׁ Ju 3:25 +; עַד תֹּם … Lv 25:29 + 10 times; עַד תֻּמָּם Dt 2:15 +; עַד כַּלֵּה †2 K 13:17, 19; Ezr 9:14; עַד כַּלּוֹתָ(ם) 1 S 15:18 Je 9:15 +; עַד אוֹר הַבֹּקֶר Ju 16:2 +; also in עַד הִשְׁמִדְךָ אֹתָם Dt 7:24 (cf. 28:48 Jos 11:14; 1 K 15:29; 2 K 3:25; 10:17; 24:20 [‖ Je 52:3 הִשְׁלִיכוֹ]; on the anom. הִ׳, v. Dr, read prob. הַ׳); and most prob. (cf. Kö^{iii. 583}) in שָׂרִיד (לָהֶם) עַד בִּלְתִּי הִשְׁאִיר לוֹ Dt 3:3 (v. Dr), + 5 times (v. supr. p. 117), read prob. הַשְׁאִיר. With the force of towards the end of, against, especially in עַד בֹּאָ(ם), Gn 43:25 Ex 22:25 Nu 10:21 והקימו את המשׁכן עַד בֹּאָם used to set up the tab. against their coming, 2 K 16:11; Ez 33:22; cf. 2 S 17:22. Ellipt. Ju 16:2 עַד אוֹר הַבֹּקֶר וַהֲרַגְנוּהוּ (wait) till the morning dawn, and we slay him! (GFM; Dr^{§ 115}). (c) with various adverbs of time (q.v.), as עַד אָנָה, עַד־מָה, עַד מָתַי, עַד הֵנָּה, עַד כֹּה, עַד כֵּן, עַד עַתָּה, cf. עַד כַּמֶּה פְעָמִים (v. מָה 4 b). (d) to suggest also degree (cf. 3), עַד אֵין מָקוֹם until there is no place Is 5:8, עַד אֵין מִסְפָּר †ψ 40:13 Jb 5:9; 9:10; cf. Lv 26:18 וְאִם־עַד־אֵלֶּה and if even up to these things, even the end of all these punishments, you do not hearken to me. b. During (rare; proposes as far as the limit indicated, including the time previous, cf. ἕως: so often Aramaic עַד, ܥܕ, while), 2 K 9:22 with is peace עַד זְנוּנֵי אִיזֶבֶל during, etc.? Jb 20:5 עֲדֵי רָ֑גַע during a moment; sq. inf. Ju 3:26 עַד הִתְמַהְמְהָם during their delaying, Ex 33:22 Jb 7:19 עַד בִּלְעִי רֻקִּי Jon 4:2. 3. Of degree, to suggest a higher or the highest; as עַד מְאֹד even to muchness, i.e. exceedingly (v. מְאֹד), עַד מְהֵרָה even to haste †ψ 147:15; Est 5:6 וּמַה־בַּקָּשָׁתֵךְ עַד־חֲצִי הַמַּלְכוּת וְחֵעָשׂ, v 3; 7:2. See also עַד לְ, below. With a neg., to express not even as much as, Dt 2:5 לא אתן לכם מארצם עַד מִדְרַךְ כַּף רָ֑גֶל, and with אֶחָד, †Ex 9:7 לֹא מֵת … עַד־אֶחָד, simil. 14:28 Ju 4:16; 2 S 17:22 (read אֶחָד for אַחַד: v. Dr). Sometimes almost = Lat. adeo, 1 S 2:5 (si vera l.) עַד עֲקָרָה ילדה שׁבעה even to the barren, she hath borne seven, i.e. even the barren hath, etc., Jb 25:5 הן עד־יָרֵחַ ולא יאהיל, Hg 2:19. In comparisons, to the degree of, even like (rare), Na 1:10 עַד סִירִים סְבֻכִים (text dub.) entangled even like thorns, 1 Ch 4:27 לא הִרְבּוּ עד בני יהודה did not multiply to the degree of (i.e. like), etc. Cf. 2 S 23:19 עַד הַשְּׁלשָׁה לֹא בָא did not attain (in prowess) unto the three.
II. Conj. 1. until:— a. עַד אֲשֶׁר until that: (a) with pf., of past time, Ex 32:20 ויטחן עד אשׁר דָּק (Dt 9:21), Dt 2:14 עד אשׁר עָבַרְנוּ, Jos 3:17; 8:26; Ju 4:24; 1 K 10:7 (2 Ch 9:6), 2 K 17:20, 23; 21:16; with suggestion of degree, 1 S 30:4 (sq. אֵין, 1 K 17:17; rarely of future time (the ‘future perfect,’ Dr^§17), 2 S 17:13 (of degree), Ez 34:21. So עַד שֶׁ- (often in NH; v. שֶׁ), †Ju 5:7 Ct 3:4^(×2); עַד כִּי †Gn 26:13 עַד כִּי־גָדַל מְאֹד, 41:49 2 S 23:10 2 Ch 26:15; and (of future time) עַד אֲשֶׁר אִם †Gn 28:15; Nu 32:17; Is 6:11. (b) with impf., usually of future time, Gn 27:44 עַד אֲשֶׁר תָּשׁוּב חֲמַת אָחִיךָ, 29:8; Ex 23:30; 24:14 Lv 22:4; Nu 11:20; 20:17; 1 S 22:3; Ho 5:15 +; rarely of past time, Jon 4:5 עד אשׁר יראה till he should see, Ec 2:3. So (of the future) עַד שֶׁ- †Ct 2:7, 17; 3:5; 4:6; 8:4 ψ 123:2; and עַד כִּי †Gn 49:10 עַד כִּי־יָבֹא שִׁילֹה. b. עַד alone, until: (a) with pf., of past time, Jos 2:22; 4:23 עַד־עָבַרְנוּ, 1 S 20:41 עַד דָּוִד הִגְדִּיל, 2 S 21:10; 1 K 11:16; Ez 28:15; of the future (rare), 2 K 7:3 עַד מָ֑תְנוּ, Ez 39:15; Dn 11:36 עַד כָּלָה זָ֑עַם. So עַד אִם (of the fut.), †Gn 24:19, 33; Is 30:17; Ru 2:21. (b) with impf., of future time, 1 S 1:22 (ellipt.: cf. Ju 16:2, 12 a (b) end), Is 22:14; 26:20; 32:15; 62:1, 7 ψ 57:2; 71:18; Jb 27:5 +; of the past (rare), Ex 15:16 עד יעבור עמך, v 16 Jos 10:13 (poet.) עַד יִקֹּם גּוֹי אוֹיְבָיו, ψ 73:17; 2 Ch 29:34. In poetry, עַד is sometimes used to mark not an absolute close, but an epoch, or turning-point, in the fut., as ψ 110:1 (v. De) עַד אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ, Ho 10:12; Jb 14:6 (but v. 3); after a neg. cl., Gn 49:10; Nu 23:24 Is 42:4 ψ 71:18; 112:8; Jb 8:21 (but read prob. with Ew Hi Di Du al. עֹד he will yet, etc., understanding v 20 as present, not future). 2. While (rare: cf. 12 b):— a. with pf., 1 S 14:19 עד דִּבֶּר שׁאול while Saul spake. b. with impf., ψ 141:10 יַחַד אָנֹכִי עַד אֶעֱבֹר while I at the same time pass by. c. with ptcp., Jb 1:18 עַד זֶה מְדַבֵּר (but read prob. עֹד, as v 16, 17), Ne 7:3. d. עַד שֶׁ- (without vb.) †Ct 1:12. So עַד לֹא while not = ere yet (of past time) †Pr 8:26 עד לא עשׂה ארץ (so עַד לָא, ܥܰܕ ܠܴܐ, often, e.g. Gn 24:15 𝔗, Mt 1:18); and עד אשׁר לא (of the fut.) †Ec 12:1, 2, 6 (cf. Talm. עַד דְּלָא, Mishn. עַד שֶׁלֹּא). 3. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare), Is 47:7 Thou saidst, I shall be for ever a lady, עַד לֹא שַׂמְתְּ אֵלֶּה עַל לִבֵּךְ to the point that (going so far in thy pride that) thou didst not, etc. (but Hi Che Du al. join גְּבֶרֶת עַד I shall be for ever, a lady perpetually; v. 1. עַד); Jb 14:6 (Di De Bu Du) to the point that he may enjoy, etc., Is 22:14 (Du). In Jos 17:14 עַד אֲשֶׂר עַד כֹּה בֵּֽרְכַנִי י׳, read עַל אֲשֶׁר because that (Ges Buhl; cf. Di).
†III. עַד לְ, a strengthened from for עַד found chiefly in Ch Ezr, and occurring in most of the above senses. Thus 1. of space: עַר לְבוֹא חֲמָת Jos 13:5; Ju 3:3; 1 Ch 13:5, עד ל׳ מִדְבָּ֫רָה 5:9, עד ל׳ מצרים 2 Ch 26:8; עַד לְמִזְרַח הַנָּ֑יְא 1 Ch 4:39, עַד לַמְצָד 12:17; עַד לִגְרָר 2 Ch 14:12; עַד לַשָּׁמַיִם 2 Ch 28:9; Ezr 9:6; עַד לְמֵרָחוֹק 2 Ch 26:15; Ezr 3:13. 2. Of time: עד לעולם 1 Ch 23:25; 28:7; עד למנחת הערבEzr 9:4; עַד לַדָּבָר הַזֶּה Ezr 10:14 prob. during (Keil: Ges Be with regard to, strengthened for לְּ); sq. inf. עַד לַעֲלוֹת הַמִּנְחָה 1 K 18:29; עַד לִכְלוֹת 1 Ch 28:20; 2 Ch 29:28; עַד לְכַלֵּה 2 Ch 24:10; 31:1; עד להשׁחית 26:16; עַד לָמוּת 32:24 (‖ 2 K 20:1 לָמוּת alone); Ezr 10:14 עד להשׁיב. 3. Of degree: עַד לְמַחֲנֶה גָדוֹל even unto (till there was) a great camp, 1 Ch 12:23; עַד לְמַ֫עְלָה = exceedingly 2 Ch 16:12; 17:12; 26:8; עַד לִמְאֹד 2 Ch 16:14; עַד לְשִׂמְחָה 29:30; עַד לָרֹב 31:10; עַד לְאֵין מַרְפֵּא 36:16.BDB עַד⁴.2

עִדֹּא

עִדֹּא v. עדד.BDB עִדֹּא.2

עדד

עדד (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic عَدَّ count, reckon, عِدَّةٌ number, period; Aramaic עִדָּנָא time).BDB עדד.2

עֹדֵד

עֹדֵד v. עוד.BDB עֹדֵד.2

עֹדֵד²

† עֹדֵד, עוֹדֵד n.pr.m. (restorer);—𝔊 Ωδηδ, Αδαδ:
1. עֲזַרְיָהוּ בֶן־עו׳ 2 Ch 15:1, so read also v 8 (MT עֹדֵד alone).
2. עֹדֵד a prophet 2 Ch 28:9.BDB עֹדֵד².2

עִדָּה

† [עִדָּה] n.f. menstruation, so Vrss (proposes time, period);—pl. abs. בֶּגֶד עִדִּים Is 64:5 i.e. stained garment (fig. of best deeds of guilty people; ‖ טָמֵא).BDB עִדָּה.2

עֵדָה

I. עֵדָה₁₄₉ n.f. congregation (proposes company assembled together by appointment, or acting concertedly)—ע׳ Nu 16:2 + 85 times; cstr. עֲדַת Ex 12:3 + 52 times; sf. עֲדָתִי Jb 16:7 + 9 times sfs.;—
1. עֲדַת־אֵל ψ 82:1 congregation of Ēl, of company of angels (‖ בקרב אלהים); ע׳ לְאֻמִּים 7:8 congregation of peoples; ע׳ צַדִּיקִים 1:5 congregation of the righteous; ‖ סוֹד יְשָׁרִים 111:1; ‖ קהל Pr 5:14; כָּל־עֲדָתִי Jb 16:7 (of Job’s circle of dependents); in a bad sense, ע׳ מְרֵעִים company of evil doers ψ 22:17; ע׳ עריצים 86:14; ע׳ חנף Jb 15:34; ע׳ קֹרַח company of Korah Nu 26:9; 27:3 (P), so עֲדָתוֹ, עֲדָֽתְךָ 16:5, 6, 11, 16; 17:5 (P), and הָעֵדָה 26:10; 27:3 (P); ע׳ אֲבִירָם ψ 106:17, cf. v 18.
2. pack of animals ע׳ אַבִּירִים ψ 68:31 (fig. of nobles); ע׳ דְּבֹרִים Ju 14:8 a swarm of bees.
3. elsewhere of Israel Ho 7:12 עֲדָתָם i.e. the whole assemblage of them; 1 K 8:5 (= 2 Ch 5:6) כל עדת ישׂ׳ of those gathered to Sol.; 12:20 העדה of assembly at Shechem; Je 6:18 (text very dub.); עֲדָתוֹ 30:20 of restored people; עֲדָֽתְךָ ψ 74:2 (‖ שׁכט נחלתך); elsewhere in P, except possibly Nu 20:11 (R), in technical sense, of the company of Israel of the Exodus, the congregation (115 times), especially in the phrases †ע׳ יהוה Nu 27:17; 31:16 Jos 22:16, 17; †ע׳ ישׂראל Ex 12:3, 6, 19, 47 Lv 4:13 Nu 16:9; 32:4 Jos 22:18, 20; †ע׳ בני ישׂראל Ex 16:1, 2, 9, 10; 17:1; 35:1, 4, 20 Lv 16:5; 19:2 (H), Nu 1:2, 53; 8:9, 20; 13:26; 14:5, 7; 15:25, 26; 17:6; 19:9; 25:6; 26:2; 27:20; 31:12 Jos 18:1; 22:12; הָעֵדָה Lv 8:4 + 29 times (cf. Ju 20:1; 21:10); כל־הע׳ Lv 8:3 + 33 times (cf. Ju 21:13); †נְשִׂיאֵי (ה)ע׳ princes of the congregation Ex 16:22; Nu 4:34; 16:2; 31:13; 32:2; Jos 9:15, 18; 22:30; כָּל־הַנְּשִׂאִים בָּע׳ Ex 34:31; זִקְנֵי הע׳ elders of the congregation Lv 4:15 (cf. Ju 21:16); ראשׁי אבות הע׳ Nu 31:26. ii & iii עֵדָה v. עוד.BDB עֵדָה.2

עָדָה

† I. עָדָה vb. pass on, advance (Arabic (عدو) عَدَا pass by, also run = Ethiopic ዐደወ: pass by; Aramaic עדי go along, go by (often for Heb. עָבַר), Aph. remove; Syriac ܥܕܳܐ pass by, come, c. ܥܰܠ fall upon);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. עָדָה Jb 28:8 the fierce lion hath not advanced upon it (sc. the way).
Hiph. Pt. מַעֲדֶה בֶּגֶר Pr 25:20 removing a garment (cf. Gn 38:19 𝔗, Jon 3:6 Heb. and 𝔗).BDB עָדָה.2

עִדָּה²

[עִדָּה], עִדּוֹ (א) v. עדד.BDB עִדָּה².2

עֵדָה²

I. עֵדָה v. יעד.BDB עֵדָה².2

עָדָה²

† II. עָדָה vb. ornament, deck oneself (Aramaic in deriv. עִידּוּת, ornament; cf. perhaps עֲדִיתָא, scurf, scab; Arabic عَدْوَى mange, scab, etc. [as sheathing, or excrescence?], also عِدَّى, broad stone for covering grave, etc., Lane¹⁹⁷⁹);—
Qal Pf. 2 fs. וְעָדִית Ez 23:40; Impf. 3 fs. תַּעְדֶּה Is 61:10, וַתַּ֫עַד Ho 2:15; 2 fs. תַּעְדִּי Je 4:30; 31:4, וַתַּעְדִּי Ez 16:13; 1 s. sf. וָאֶעְדֵּךְ v 11; Imv. ms. עֲדֵה־נָא Jb 40:10;—ornament; usually 1. a. reflex., deck oneself with, c. acc. of (woman’s) ornaments, of bride Is 61:10 (sim.; cf. הִלְבִּישׁ v a); fig. of Isr. Ho 2:15; Je 31:4; Jerus. Je 4:30 (c. acc. cogn.; ‖ לָבַשׁ), Ez 16:13 (מַלְבּוּשֵׁךְ in ‖ clause), 23:40 (c. acc. cogn.). b. metaph., עֲדֵה־נָא גָאוֹן וגו׳ Jb 40:10 deck now thyself [Job] with majesty. 2. c. 2 acc., וָאֶעְדֵּךְ עֶ֑דִי Ez 16:11 and I decked thee [Jerus.] with finery (? read Hiph. וָאַ׳).BDB עָדָה².2

עֵדָה³

II. III. עֵדָה v. עוד.BDB עֵדָה³.2

עָדָה³

† עָדָה n.pr.f. (ornament; or (Arabic غُدْوَةٌ, غَدْوَةٌ) morning) 𝔊 Αδ(δ)α;—wife,
1. of Lamech Gn 4:19, 20, 23 (J).
2. of Esau 36:2, 4, 10, 12, 16 (P^R).BDB עָדָה³.2

עֵדָה⁴

† II. עֵדָה n.f. testimony, witness, of things (only E);—Gn 21:30; 31:52; Jos 24:27^(×2) (J uses עֵד for feminine things).—i. עֵדָה v. יעד.BDB עֵדָה⁴.2

עֵדָה⁵

† III. [עֵדָה] n.f. only pl. MT testimonies (always of laws as divine testimonies or solemn charges);—pl. abs. עֵדֹת Dt 4:45; 6:20; sf. (of י׳), עֵדֹתִי ψ 132:12 (Ges^{§ 91 n.}), עֵדֹתָיו Dt 6:17 ψ 25:10; 99:7; 119:2, עֵדוֹתָיו 78:56; עֵדֹתֶיךָ 93:5; 119:22, 24, 46, 59, 79, 95, 119, 125, 138, 146, 152, 167, 168 (MT pointing artificial, der. prob. from עֵדוּת, reading עֵדֻת for עֵדֹת, or regarding עֵדֹת as contr. from עֵדְוֹת, pl. of עֵדוּת [Sta^{§ 320 b} SS Buhl]; v. also Dr Dt 4:45; Dt 4:45; 6:17, 20 are redactional).BDB עֵדָה⁵.2

עִדּוֹ

† עִדּוֹ, עִדֹּא, עִדּוֹא n.pr.m. Iddo;—
1. father of an officer of Sol. עִדֹּא 1 K 4:14; 𝔊 Αχελ, A Σαδωκ, 𝔊L Αχιαβ.
2. grandfather of prophet Zechariah עִדּוֹ Zc 1:1, עִדּוֹא v 7; 𝔊 Αδδω.
3. a Levite עִדּוֹ 1 Ch 6:6; 𝔊 Αδει, 𝔊L Αδδω.
4. a priestly name עִדּוֹא van d. H. Ginsb (Baer עִדּוֹ) Ne 12:4; 𝔊א etc. Αδαιας; also עדיא v 16 Kt (עֲדָיָא?), Qr עִדּוֹא; 𝔊א τῷ Αδδαι, 𝔊L τῷ Αδαιᾳ.
5. a seer עִדּוֹ הַחֹזֶה 2 Ch 12:15 = הַנָּבִיא עִדּוֹ 2 Ch 13:22; 𝔊 Αδ(δ)ω; = יֶעְדּוֹ 2 Ch 9:29, Ιωηλ(δ).BDB עִדּוֹ.2

עֵדוּת

† עֵדוּת₁₉ and עֵדֻת₂₇ n.f. testimony;—ע׳ abs. Ex 16:34 +, cstr. ψ 19:8 +; pl. sf. עֵדְוֹתֶיךָ 119:14 +, עֵדְוֹתָיו Je 44:23 + 4 times;—
1. testimony of the Ten Words on the tablets as a solemn divine charge, לֻחֹת הע׳ Ex 31:18; 32:15; 34:29 (P), הע׳ 25:16, 21; 40:20 (P); ark as containing tables, אֲרוֹן הע׳ 25:22; 26:33, 34; 30:6, 26; 39:35; 40:3, 5, 21 Nu 4:5; 7:89 (all P), Jos 4:16 (JE; Kue הברית [ag. him Di], so Benn Steuernag), הארן לע׳ Ex 31:7 (P); abbrev. לִפְנֵי הע׳ 16:34; 30:36 Nu 17:19, 25 (P); עַל הע׳ Ex 27:21 (= הע׳ Lv 24:3), 30:6 Lv 16:13 (P); tabernacle as containing ark of testimony, משׁכן הע׳ tabernacle of the testimony Ex 38:21 Nu 1:50, 53^(×2); 10:11 (P); so אֹהֶל הע׳ 9:15; 17:22, 23; 18:2 (P) 2 Ch 24:6.
2. the code of law in gen. (late), as a testimony of God: ψ 19:8 119:88; 122:4; ‖ תּוֹרָה 78:5; ‖ חֹק 81:6. In titles, עַל־ שׁוּשַׁן ע׳ ψ 60:1, אֶל־שֹׁשַׁנּ֑ים ע׳ 80:1 = melody whose first line cp. law as testimony to a choice flower. Special laws of the code are denoted by pl.; + חֻקּוֹת etc. 1 K 2:3 2 K 23:3 = 2 Ch 34:31 (+ חקים etc.), Je 44:23; חֻקִּים etc. 1 Ch 29:19; מִצְוֹת Ne 9:34; pl. of contents of covenant 2 K 17:15; pl. elsewhere ψ 119:14, 31, 36, 99, 111, 129, 144, 157. Vid. also iii. [עֵדָה].—For הָעֵדוּת 2 K 11:12 = 2 Ch 23:11 read prob. הַצְּעָדוֹת (cf. 2 S 1:10 We al.).BDB עֵדוּת.2

עֲדִי

† עֲדִי n.[m.] coll. ornaments (with which one is decked);—ע׳ abs. Is 49:18, עֶדִ֑י Ez 16:11; 23:40; cstr. 2 S 1:24 +; sf. עֶדְיוֹ Ex 33:4 +, עֶדְיְךָ Ex 33:5, etc.;—ornaments:
1. of women 2 S 1:24 (ע׳ זָהָב), Je 2:32; of Jerus. under fig. of woman 4:30 (ע׳ זָהָב), Ez 16:11; 23:40 (all acc. cogn. c. עָדָה), Is 49:18 (sim.).—עֲדִי עֲדָיִים Ez 16:7, read prob. עַד עִדִּים unto menstruation (maturity), JDMich Co Berthol (reading בְּעֵת עִדּ׳), Toy. עֶדְיֵךְ ψ 103:5 [sf. ref. to נַפְשִׁי] is dub., 𝔊 τ. ἐπιθυμίαν σου (reading אַוָּתֵךְ? this usually c. נֶפֶשׁ]; thine age, prime (cf. 1. עַד) JDMich Thes; conject. in Hup-Now Che Du.
2. of men Ex 33:4, 5, 6 (JE).
3. in gen., as feeding pride Ez 7:20 (צְבִי עֶדְיוֹ, sf. ref. to silver and gold, v 19).
4. trappings of horse ψ 32:9 (De Hup, cf. Du), si vera l., but prob. corrupt; Che (after v. Ortenb.) לִבְלֹ֑ם עַד יוּבַל אֵלֶיךָ must be curbed till he can be brought, etc.BDB עֲדִי.2

עֲדִי²

עֲדִי, עֲדִיאֵל, עֲדָיָה (וּ) v. II. עדה.BDB עֲדִי².2

עדיא

עדיא v. עדּוֹא.BDB עדיא.2

עֲדִיאֵל

† עֲדִיאֵל n.pr.m. (an ornament is Ēl; cf. Sab. n.pr. עדאל Hal ^{51, 2});—
1. a Simeonite 1 Ch 4:36, 𝔊A Εδιηλ, 𝔊L Αδαηλ.
2. a priest 9:12, 𝔊 Αδιηλ.
3. father of officer, David’s time 27:25, 𝔊 Ωδιηλ.—Cf. Gray^{Prop. N. 225, 231}.BDB עֲדִיאֵל.2

עֲדָיָ֫ה(וּ)

† עֲדָיָ֫ה(וּ) n.pr.m. (י׳ has decked himself);—
1. עֲדָיָ֫הוּ father of a Judaean captain 2 Ch 23:1, 𝔊 Αζεια, A Αδαια, 𝔊L Αδαιου (genit.). Elsewhere עֲדָיָה:
2. grandfather of Josiah 2 K 22:1, 𝔊 Εδεινα, A Ιεδιδα, 𝔊L Οζιου (genit.).
3. a Levite 1 Ch 6:26, 𝔊 Αζεια, A 𝔊L Αδ(α)ια.
4. a Benjamite 8:21, 𝔊 Αβια, A Αλαια 𝔊L Αδαια.
5. a priest 9:12 Ne 11:12, 𝔊 Αδαια(ς).
6. two with foreign wives: a. Ezr 10:29, 𝔊 Αδα, 𝔊L Αδαιας. b. v 39, 𝔊 Αδαια, 𝔊L Αδδαιας.
7. a Judahite Ne 11:5, 𝔊 Οζ(ε)ια, 𝔊L Αδαια.BDB עֲדָיָ֫ה(וּ).2

עדל — עַז