צ
צ — צַוָּר צַוְּרֹנִים
צ, ץ Ṣādê, eighteenth letter; used as numeral 90 in post Biblical Hebrew.BDB צ.2
[צֵאָה], צֹאָה [צֹאִי]] v. צוא.BDB צֵאָה.2
† צֹאָה n.f. filth;—abs. צ׳ Is 28:8 (of drunkards’ vomit, cf. קִיא); צ׳ fig. of iniquity, cstr. צֹאַת Is 4:4, sf. צֹאָתוֹ Pr 30:12; specif. of human excrement (= [צֵאָה]) sf. צֹאָתָם 2 K 18:27 = Is 36:12 (both Qr; Kt חר(א)יהם, cf. [חֶרֶא] p. 351 supr.).BDB צֹאָה.2
† [צֵאָה] n.f. filth, specif. human excrement;—sf. צֵאָתֶ֑ךָ Dt 23:14; cstr. בְּגֶלְלֵי צֵאַת הָאָדָם Ez 4:12 (as fuel; cf. [גֵּל] p. 165 supr.).BDB צֵאָה².2
† [צֹאִי] adj. filthy;—pl. צוֹאִים Zc 3:3, צֹאִים v 4 (both of garments).BDB צֹאִי.2
† צֶאֱלִים n.m.pl. a kind of lotus (Rhamnus (more exactly Zizyphus), Lotus [Linn.], thorny lotus (not sacred Nymphaea Lotus); Saad. ضَالٌ, cf. AW De Job 2, Syriac ܥܳܐܠܴܐ, v. Löwp. 275);—Jb 40:21, 22.BDB צֶאֱלִים.2
צאן (√ of foll.; DlPr; 87 f.; HWB cp. Assyrian ṣênu, adj., good, docile; Thes (cf. LagBN 136) cp. יָצָא [as πρόβατον from προβαίνω]; Assyrian ṣênu = BH צֹאן, and so NH id., MI31 צאן; Arabic ضَأْنٌ id.; TelAm ṣunu is Canaanitish according to Zim ZA vi (1891), 156; Aramaic עָנָא, ܥܳܢܳܐ, and perhaps Palm. ענא).BDB צאן.2
צֹאן273 n.coll.f. Gn 30:36 (poss. m. v 39a +, KöSynt. § 247 g, but dub., v 39b c. vb. fpl., as usually; in 1 S 15:14 join הַזֶּה with קוֹל; v. further Albr ZAW xv (1895), 316 ff.) small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks;—צ׳ abs. Gn 4:2 +, cstr. 29:9 +; sf. צֹאנוֹ 4:4 +; צֹאנֵנוּ Ex 10:9, צֹאונֵנוּ ψ 144:13; as pl. צֹאנֵינוּ Ne 10:37 van d. H. Gi (not Baer); s. [צֹנֶא] צֹנֶה p. 856, etc.;—
1. lit. a. small cattle, usually of sheep and goats in one flock (RobBR i. 477) Gn 30:31, 32 +; sheep specified also 21:28 (כִּבְשׂת הַצּ׳), 31:38 (אֵילֵי צ׳) +; sheep only 1 S 25:2 (+ עִזִּים); goats specified Gn 27:9; Je 50:8; צ׳ as yielding (1) animals for food Am 6:4 (כָּרִים), 1 S 14:32; 2 S 12:4; Ne 5:18 +; צ׳ מַאֲכָל ψ 44:12 (in sim.); (2) wool Gn 31:19 + (v. [גָּזַז], גֵּז); (3) milk, חֲלֵב צ׳ Dt 32:14 (? goats’ milk, cf. Pr 27:27); (4) sacrif. victims Gn 4:4 (J), Lv 1:2, 10; 3:6; Nu 15:3 (all P), 22:40 (E), Dt 12:6, 17, 21 + often; so צֹאן קָדָשִׁים Ez 36:38a, cf. בְּכוֹרֵי בְקָרֵינוּ וְצֹאנֵינוּ Ne 10:37; in gen. as property (often + בָּקָר, etc.) Gn 12:16; 13:5; 24:35 Jb 1:3; 42:12 + often (v. also ii. [עַשְׁתָּרוֹת]); gift Gn 20:14; 21:27; 38:17 (goat), Dt 15:14; 2 Ch 17:11; booty 1 S 15:9, 15 +. b. צ׳ sometimes of a definite number of animals (i.e. as pl. of שֶׂה, etc.): two Is 7:21, four Ex 21:37 (larger numbers v. 1 S 25:2, 5, 18; Nu 31:32, 36; Ne 5:18; Jb 1:3; 42:12 supr.).—Vid. also בֵּן 7 b; גְּדֵרָה, מִכְלָה, מַרְבֵּץ, נָוֶה, עֵדֶר; כֶּלֶב, רֹעֶה, שַׁעַר.
2. sim. of multitude Ez 36:37, 38, cf. ψ 107:41; of children Jb 21:11; of dead, with death as shepherd ψ 49:15; of (shepherdless) Isr. Nu 27:17; 1 K 22:17 = 2 Ch 18:16; Zc 10:2; 13:7, wandering in sin Is 53:6; of Isr. led by י׳ ψ 77:21; 78:52; 80:2, cf. Zc 9:16 (on text v. We Now); Ez 34:12; of Isr. in distress, כְּצ׳ טִבְחָה ψ 44:23, cf. (of wicked) צ׳ לְטִבְחָה Je 12:3; of scattered Bab. Is 13:14.
3. metaph. of multitude, צ׳ אָדָם Ez 36:38; of Isr. 2 S 24:17 = 1 Ch 21:17; Je 23:1, 2, 3; Ez 24:5, and especially sustained fig. 34:2, 3 + 17 times 34, also Zc 11:7, 17; צ׳ אֹבְדוֹת Je 50:6, צ׳ תִּפְאַרְתֵּךְ 13:20; of Isr. under י׳’s care, (-וֹ, י—ִ) צ׳ מַרְעִיתֶ֑ךָ ψ 74:1; 79:13; 100:3; Ez 34:31, also צ׳ יָדוֹ ψ 95:7 (‖ עַם־מַרְעִיתוֹ; read perhaps צ׳ מַרְעִיתוֹ, עַם יָדוֹ, so Che al.); צ׳ נַחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ Mi 7:14; also in combinations: אַדִּירֵי הַצּ׳ Je 25:34, 35, 36, צ׳ חַהֲרֵגָה Zc 11:4, 7 (cf. ψ 44:23), עֲנִיֵּי הַצּ׳ v 7, 11 (all of Isr.); of Edom צְעִירֵי הַצּ׳ Je 49:20; 50:45.BDB צֹאן.2
† צַאֲנָן n.pr.loc. Mi 1:11 Σεννααρ [ν], perhaps = צְנָן in the Shephelah of Judah Jos 15:37, Σεννα(μ).BDB צַאֲנָן.2
† [צֶאֱצָא] n.m. Jb 27:14 only pl., issue, offspring, produce (Nö ZMG 1886, 725 comps. ضِئْضِئٌ origin, root, stock)—
1. offspring of men, abs. הַצֶּאֱצָאִים וְהַצְּפִעוֹת Is 22:24; elsewhere only Is 2, 3 and Job: cstr. צֶאֱצָאֵי מֵעֶיךָ Is 48:19 (‖ זַרְעֲךָ); sf. צֶאֱצָאַי Jb 31:8, צֶאֱצָאֶיךָ 5:25 (‖ זַרְעֲךָ), Is 44:3 (‖ id.); צֶאֱצָאָיו Jb 27:14 (‖ בָּנָיו); צֶאֱצָאֵיהֶם 21:8 (‖ זַרְעָם), Is 61:9 (‖ id.), 65:23.
2. produce of earth, sf. תֵּבֵל וְכָל־צֶאֱצָאֶ֑יהָ Is 34:1; הָאָרֶץ וְצ׳ 42:5.BDB צֶאֱצָא.2
[צֶאֱצָא] v. יצא.BDB צֶאֱצָא².2
I, II. צָב v. i, ii. צבב.BDB צָב.2
† I. צָב n.[m.] litter;—abs. צ׳, in עֶגְלֹת צָב Nu 7:3, prob. litter-wagons, i.e. wagons covered, like palanquin; pl. צַבִּים Is 66:20 litters (on Vrss cf. Di Nu).BDB צָב².2
† II. צָב n.[m.] lizard, as unclean, Lv 11:29.BDB צָב³.2
† [צָבָא] vb. wage war, serve (Sab. צֿבא wage war with, also n. army, campaign HomChrest. 125 CIS iv. 299, 1. 2 DHM VOJ i. 28; Ethiopic ጸብአ: (> ፀብአ:) wage war; Assyrian ṣâbu, man, soldier; NöZMG xl (1886), 726 al. cp. (on account of Sab. Ethiopic ץֿ) Arabic ضَبَأَ conceal oneself, hence lie in wait; this is phonetically suitable, but better in meaning would be صَبَأَ go or come forth (against one), etc., so Thes LagBN 21; Frä232 cp. صَبِىٌّ young man);—
Qal Pf. 3 mpl. צָֽבְאוּ Ex 38:8 Zc 14:12; Impf. 3 mpl. יִצְבְּאוּ Nu 31:7; Inf. cstr. לִצְבֹּא Is 31:4; לִצְבֹא Nu 4:23; 8:24; Pt. pl. צֹבְאִים Nu 31:42; Is 29:7, 8; sf. צֹבֶיהָ Is 29:7 (Ges§ 75 oo; Di צָרֶיהָ); fpl. צֹבְאֹת Ex 38:8; צֹבְאוֹת 1 S 2:22;— 1. wage war, fight, c. עַל against, Nu 31:7 (P) Is 29:7, 8; 31:4; Zc 14:12, c. sf. Is 29:7 (?); abs. Nu 31:42 (P). 2. serve at sacred tent, Levites, c. acc. צָבָא Nu 4:23; 8:24 (P); women Ex 38:8(×2) (P) 1 S 2:22.
Hiph. Pt. הַמַּצְבִּא אֶת־עַם וגו׳ 2 K 25:19 = Je 52:25 muster.BDB צָבָא.2
צָבָא485 n.m. 2 Ch 28:9 (poss. f. Is 40:2; Dn 8:12, but v. Albr ZAW xv (1895), 319; Bev Dn) army, war, warfare;—abs. צ׳ Nu 1:3 + (מִצָּבָה Zc 9:8 v. p. 663 a); cstr. צְבָא Nu 10:15 +; sf. צְבָאִי Jb 14:14; צְבָאֲךָ Ju 8:9; 9:29; צְבָאָיו ψ 103:21; 148:2 (Kt צבאו; so read prob. in both), etc.; pl. צְבָאוֹת Nu 20:9 + 278 times; cstr. צִבְאוֹת Ex 12:41 + 2 times; sf. צִבְאֹתַי 7:4; צִבְאֹתָם 6:26 +, etc.;—
1. army, host: a. organized for war Ju 8:6; 9:29 (J) Is 34:2; Je 51:3; 2 Ch 28:9; צְבָאוֹ his host Nu 2:4, 6 + 10 times 2 (P), לְצִבְאֹתָם 1:3, 52; 2:3, 9 + 11 times 2, 10, 33:1 (P); אַלְפֵי הצ׳ 31:48 (P); צ׳ ישׂראל 2 Ch 25:7; חֵיל (ה)צ׳ 1 Ch 20:1; 2 Ch 26:13; גְּדוּדֵי צ׳ 1 Ch 7:4; כל־הצבא 2 S 3:23; 10:7; 1 Ch 19:8; 2 Ch 26:14; שַׂר (ה)צ׳ captain of (the) host Gn 21:22, 32 (E) 26:26 (J) Ju 4:2, 7; 1 S 12:9 + 21 times; שָׂרֵי (ה)צבא 1 K 1:25 (but read שַׂר), 1 Ch 25:1; 26:26; 2 Ch 33:11; שָׂרִים בצ׳ 1 Ch 12:22; שָׂרֵי (ה)צבאות Dt 20:9; 1 K 2:5; 1 Ch 27:3; רָאשֵׁי הצ׳ 1 Ch 12:14; מַלְכֵי צבאות ψ 68:13; עַל (ה)צ׳ over the host (as captain) Nu 10:14, 15 + 10 times Nu 10 (P), 2 S 8:16 = 1 Ch 18:15; 2 S 17:25; 1 K 2:35; 4:4; אל־כל הצ׳ 2 S 20:23 (אל for על); עַל־צִבְאֹתָם Ex 6:26; 12:51 (P); הוציא צבאות lead out armies Ex 7:4; 12:17 (P); יצא צ׳ army goes forth (to war) Ex 12:41; 1 Ch 7:11; לֹא תֵצֵא בְּצִבְאוֹתֵינוּ ψ 44:10, of י׳ going with our armies = 60:12 = 108:12; fig. of great number, צבא רב 68:12.—On חֲלִיפוֹת וְצָבָא Jb 10:17 v. Di; Bu proposes תַּחֲלֵף צְבָאֲ(ךָ) i.e. thou dost renew (thine) army against me. b. host (organized body) of angels (cf. Lu 2:13), צבא השׁמים (כל) all the host of heaven 1 K 22:19 = 2 Ch 18:18; Ne 9:6; כל צבאיו ψ 103:21; 148:2; צבא הַמָּרוֹם Is 24:21 host of the high (angel-princes; ‖ earthly monarchs); צבא השׁמים Dn 8:10, הצבא v 10 (al. vb fig. of Israel); שׂר צ׳ י׳ captain of the host of י׳ Jos 5:14, 15 (theophanic angel); שׂר הצבא Dn 8:11 (angel-prince of Israel, others, God). c. of sun, moon and stars, כל צבא השׁמים Dt 4:19; 17:3; 2 K 17:16; 21:3, 5 = 2 Ch 33:3, 5; 2 K 23:4, 5 Je 8:2; 19:13 (all as objects of worship), Is 34:4; צ׳ השׁמים Je 33:22; Zp 1:5; כל צבאם Ne 9:6 ψ 33:6; Is 34:4; 45:12; צבאם Is 40:26.—Je 3:19 v. i. צְבִי. d. of the entire creation, כל צבאם Gn 2:1.
2. war, warfare, service: יָצָא צָבָא go out to war Nu 1:3, 20 + 12 times Nu 1, 26:2 (P) 1 Ch 5:18; 7:11; 12:33, 36; 2 Ch 25:5; 26:11; יצא בצ׳ Nu 31:36 (P) Dt 24:5; יצא לצ׳ Nu 31:27, 28 (P); עלה לצ׳ go up to war Jos 22:12, 33 (P); בא מצ׳ come from war Nu 31:14; 2 Ch 28:12; קבץ לצ׳ 1 S 28:1; שׁלח לצ׳ Nu 31:4, 6(×2) (P); התיחשׂם בּצ׳ 1 Ch 7:40; צ׳ תִנָּתֵן Dn 8:12; אַנְשֵׁי (ה)צ׳ men of war Nu 31:21, 53 (P) 1 Ch 12:9, cf. עַם הצ׳ Nu 31:32 (P); v. also II. חלץ; גִבּוֹרֵי חַיִל לצ׳ 1 Ch 12:25; כְּלֵי צ׳ 1 Ch 12:37 instruments of war.
3. service: a. of Levites in sacred places Nu 4:3, 23, 30, 35, 39, 43; 8:24, 25; קֹדֶשׁ וְצָבָא Dn 8:13 (al. as v 11, 1 b). b. of hard service of troubled life Jb 7:1; 14:14; Is 40:2 Dn 10:1.
4. צְבָאוֹת, in name of י׳ as God of war, prob. first in time of warlike David (some connect with sacred ark, but ark older), explained יהוה צבאות אֱלֹהֵי מערכות ישׂראל 1 S 17:45 י׳ Sebaoth God of the battle array of Israel (the thought of angels and stars as army of God is later); a. earliest form c. art.: י׳ אֱלֹהֵי הַצְּבָאוֹת Am 3:13; 6:14; 9:5 (אֱלֹהֵי om. by error, cf. We), Ho 12:6. b. without art., definite by usage, י׳ אֱלֹהֵי צְבָאוֹת 2 S 5:10; Am 5:14, 15, 16; 6:8; 1 K 19:10, 14; Je 5:14; 15:16 ψ 89:9; י׳ אֱלֹהֵי צְבָאֹת אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Je 35:17; 38:17; 44:7; 2 S 7:27 = 1 Ch 17:24; Is 21:10; 37:16; 1st אֱלֹהֵי om. Je 7:3, 21 + 30 times Je; Zp 2:9; י׳ אלהים צ׳ אלהי ישׂראל ψ 59:6 (אלהים variant of י׳); י׳ א׳ צ׳ שְׁמוֹ, י׳ God of hosts his name Am 4:13; 5:27, later reduced to י׳ צ׳ שְׁמוֹ Is 47:4; 48:2; 51:15; 54:5; Je 10:16; 31:35 + 6 times Je. c. as n.pr. Sebaoth: י׳ צבאות, י׳ Sebaoth (Lord of hosts, Vrss, owing to Qr אֲדֹנָי, but this never cstr. אֲדֹנֵי; al. י׳ of hosts, but < names in appos., since י׳ is n.pr.; צ׳ for earlier אלהי צ׳; cf. Σαβαωθ Ja 5:4; Rom 9:29): 1 S 1:3, 11; 4:4; 15:2; 17:45; 2 S 6:2, 18; 7:8, 26; 1 K 18:15; 2 K 3:14; 19:31; 1 Ch 11:9; 17:7 ψ 24:10 + 6 times ψψ, Mi 4:4; Na 2:14; 3:5 Hb 2:13; Zp 2:10; Is 1:9; 2:12; 5:7, 9, 16, 24 + 35 times Is 6—39; Is 2 only 44:6; 45:13; Je 6:6, 9; 8:3; 9:6, 16 + 26 times Je, Hg 1:2, 5 + 12 times Hg, Zc 1:3(×3), 4 + 40 times Zc 1—8; 9:15 + 8 times 10—14, Mal 1:4, 6, 8 + 21 times Mal; האדון י׳ צ׳ Is 1:24 + 4 times Is (incl. 10:16 Baer Gi > van d. H. אֲדֹנָי for י׳); אֲדֹנָי י׳ צ׳ 3:15 + (on these phr. v. אָדוֹן 1, 6); אלהים צ׳ (א׳ later Qr for orig. י׳) ψ 80:8, 15; י׳ אלהים צ׳ (earlier י׳ + later [inserted] א׳) ψ 80:5, 20; 84:9.—cf. Driver Hastings DB (1900), Lord of Hosts and reff., Löhr Amos (Belhefte zur ZAW iv (1900), 38—67).BDB צָבָא².2
צְבָאוֹת, צִבְאוֹת, צְבָאִים v. further i, ii. צְבִי.BDB צְבָאוֹת.2
צְבֹאִים v. צְבֹיִים.BDB צְבֹאִים.2
I. צבב (√ of foll.; cf. Assyrian ṣumbu (=*ṣubbu), cart; 𝔗 צִיבָּא low, covered wagon).BDB צבב.2
II. צבב (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic ضَبَّ cleave to ground; NH צָב = BH, Syriac ܥܰܒܳܐ in Lexx; Arabic ضَبٌّ is a large lizard, v. especially SeetzenReisen iii. 436 ff.).BDB צבב².2
† צֹבֵבָה n.pr.m. in Judah, הַצּ׳ 1 Ch 4:8, Σαβαθα, A Σωβηβα, 𝔊L Σαβηβα.BDB צֹבֵבָה.2
II. צבה (√ of foll.; meaning dub.; DlPr 159 Buhl al. cp. Arabic صبا lean, incline (especially iii.), fig. incline toward (الى), yearn for, Assyrian ṣabû, Aramaic צְבָא, ܨܒܳܐ, all desire, etc.).BDB צבה.2
† [צָבֶה] adj. swelling, swollen;—f. צָבָה Nu 5:21 (as foregoing).BDB צָבֶה.2
† I. [צָבָה] vb. swell, swell up (NH id.);—
Qal Pf. 3 fs. consec. וְצָֽבְתָה Nu 5:27; appar.
Hiph. Inf. cstr. לַצְבּוֹת v 22, < read Qal לִצְבּוֹת Di Ol§ 78 c Sta§ 114 a, 2; both of adulteress’ belly.—צֹבֶיהָ Is 29:7 v. צבא.BDB צָבָה.2
III. צבה (√ of foll.; NH צְבִי, צְבִיָּה = BH; so Assyrian ṣabîtu, Arabic ظَبْىٌ, Aramaic טַבְיָה, ܛܰܒܝܳܐ ).BDB צבה².2
† צָבוּעַ adj. coloured, variegated (proposes pt. pass.);—עַיִט צ׳ Je 12:9 a variegated bird of prey.BDB צָבוּעַ.2
† [צִבּוּר] n.m. heap;—only pl. שְׁנֵי צִבֻּרִים 2 K 10:8 two heaps (of heads).BDB צִבּוּר.2
† [צָבַט] vb. reach, hold out, to (ל pers.) (proposes grasp, hold, so NH (rare), בֵּית הַצְּבִיטָה handle (of jug); Arabic ضَبَطَ hold firmly, seize; Ethiopic ፀበጠ: grasp firmly);—
Qal Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּצְבָּט־לָהּ Ru 2:14 (acc. rei).BDB צָבַט.2
† I. צְבִי n.m.2 S 1:19 beauty, honour;—abs. צ 2 S 1:19 +, צֶ֑בִי Dn 8:9; cstr. צְבִי Is 13:19 +; pl. cstr. צִבְאוֹת Je 3:19 (so 𝔗 Ki Thes Hi Gf Ol§ 145 b Köii. 1, 584 al.; > from צבא 𝔙 Gie al.);—
1. a. beauty, decoration, צ׳ עֶדְיוֹ, of silver and gold Ez 7:20, of products of soil Is 4:2 (predict.). b. elsewhere in fig.: of drunkard’s chaplet, צ׳ תִפְאַרְתּוֹ Is 28:1, 4 (fig. of Samaria); עֲטֶרֶת צ׳ v 5 (of י׳); הַצּ׳ 2 S 1:19 (Saul and Jonathan); גְּאוֹן כָּל־צ׳, of Tyre Is 23:9; צ׳ מַמְלָכוֹת 13:19 (of Bab.); of land of Isr. (Judah), צְבִי הִיא לְכָל־הָאֲרָצוֹת Ez 20:6, 15, נַחֲלַת צְבִי צִבְאוֹת גּוֹיִם Je 3:19 (v. supr.) heritage of the beauty of beauties of the nations, i.e. most beauteous heritage; הַצּ׳ especially of Jerus. and temple Dn 8:9 (Bev), cf. אֶרֶץ הַצּ׳ 11:16, 41 (v. Dr), הַר צ׳־קֹדֶשׁ v 45 (i.e. temple-hill); of cities of Moab, צ׳ אֶרֶץ Ez 25:9.
2. = honour, צ׳ לַצַּדִּיק Is 24:16.—Ez 26:20; read וְתִתְיַצְּבִי for וְנָתַתִּי צְבִי, so 𝔊 Co Berthol Toy Krae al.BDB צְבִי.2
† II. צְבִי n.m.Is 13:14 gazelle;—צ׳ abs. Dt 12:15 +; pl. צְבָיִם 2 S 2:18, צְבָאיִם 1 Ch 12:9 (Gi Baer; van d. H. v 8), צְבָאוֹת Ct 2:7; 3:5;—gazelle, allowed as food Dt 14:5, cf. 12:15, 22 (although not for sacrif., Dr; all + אַיָּל), so 15:22 (+ אַיָּל, יַחְמוּר, etc.), v. 1 K 5:3; sim. of swiftness 2 S 2:18; 1 Ch 12:9; v. supr., Pr 6:5; of grace and beauty Ct 2:9, 17; 8:14 (cf. JacobArab. Dichter iv. 20 f.); hence used in adjuration 2:7; 3:5 (+ אילות); צ׳ מֻדָּח Is 13:14, sim. of fugitives.BDB צְבִי².2
† צִבְיָא n.pr.m. in Benjamin 1 Ch 8:9, Ιεβια, A Σεβια, 𝔊L Σαβια.BDB צִבְיָא.2
† I. צְבִיָּה n.f. id.;—תְּאוֹמֵי צ׳ Ct 4:5 = 7:4.BDB צְבִיָּה.2
† צִבְיָה n.pr.f. (= צְבִיָּה gazelle, cf. Sta§ 192 b);—mother of Jehoash of Judah 2 K 12:2, Αβια = 2 Ch 24:1, Αβια, 𝔊L Σαβια.BDB צִבְיָה.2
† צְבֹיִים n.pr.loc. near Sodom, Gn 14:2, 8; Dt 29:22 = צְבֹיִם Gn 10:19 = צְבֹאִים Ho 11:8 Kt (צְבוֹיִם Qr); Σεβωειμ.BDB צְבֹיִים.2
I. צבע (√ of foll.; NH צָבַע dye; Assyrian ṣibûtum, ṣubâtu, dyed stuff (v. Zehnpf BAS i. 519); Arabic صَبَغَ, Aramaic צְבַע, ܨܒܰܥ, all dip, dye).BDB צבע.2
† צֶ֫בַע n.[m.] dye, dyed stuff;—cstr. צ׳ רִקְמָתַיִם Ju 5:30 (perhaps del. צ׳, cf. GFM); pl. שְׁלַל צְבָעִים booty of dyed stuffs v 30(×2).BDB צֶ֫בַע.2
II. צבע (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic صَبَعَ point LagBN 20.21 إِصْبَعٌ, finger, Sab. אצבע DHM ZMG xxxvii (1883), 375; Ethiopic አጽባዕት: NH = BH; Aramaic אֶצְבְּעָא, ܨܶܒܥܬܳܐ, Mand. צבאתא NöM 36; DlPr 172 Köii. 1, 96 cp. Assyrian ṣibû ii. surround firmly).BDB צבע².2
III. צבע (perhaps √ of foll.; cf. Arabic ضبع limp (so LagBN 20), whence ضَبُعٌ hyena, Syriac ܐܰܦܥܳܐ id., NH צָבוּעַ).BDB צבע³.2
† צִבְעוֹן n.pr.m. a Horite (hyena; RSK 219; GrayProp. N. 95 and reff.);—Gn 36:2, 14, 20 (in these gloss according to Di Holz), v 24(×2), 29 1 Ch 1:38, 40, Σεβεγων.BDB צִבְעוֹן.2
† צְבֹעִים n.pr.loc. in Benj.;—גֵּי הצ׳ (perhaps valley of hyenas, so Thes, cf. LagBN 36 Grayl.c.);—1 S 13:18 (according to BuhlGeogr. 98 = Wady el-Kelt, between Jerus. and Jericho), Σαμειν, 𝔊L Σαβαιν; cf. צ׳ Ne 11:34, A Σεβοειμ, 𝔊L Σεβωειν.BDB צְבֹעִים.2
† [צָבַר] vb. heap up (NH id.; Aramaic צְבַר; Syriac ܨܒܰܪ is prate, chatter, rave; Arabic ضَبَرَ is collect, bind together; cf. further Dozy);—
Qal Impf. 3 ms. יִצְבֹּר Gn 41:49 ψ 39:7; 3 fs. וַתִּצְבָּר־ Zc 9:3, etc.;—heap up, in great quantity: c. acc. corn Gn 41:35, 49 (E), dead frogs Ex 8:10 (J), dust Hb 1:10, silver like dust Zc 9:3; Jb 27:16, cf. (obj. om.) ψ 39:7.BDB צָבַר.2
צבת (√ of foll.; NH צָבַת bind, unite; Assyrian ṣabâtu, grasp, take; Talm. צְבַת join, and der.).BDB צבת.2
† צְבָתִים n.[m.]pl. bundles of grain Ru 2:16 (VogelstLandwirthschaft 61 swaths [grasped and] lifted for binding).BDB צְבָתִים.2
† צַד n.m. Ex 25:32 side;—צַד abs. Ez 34:21; Is 60:4, cstr. 2 S 2:16 +; sf. צִדָּהּ Gn 6:16 +, etc.; for צִדָּה 1 S 20:20 read צַ֫דָּה (or צִדֹּה; cf. Dr, > צִ֫דָּה); pl. צִדִּים Ju 2:3, read prob. צִדֵּיכֶם as Nu 33:55; Jos 23:13; cstr. צִדֵּי Ex 26:13, etc.;—side, of man 2 S 2:16; Nu 33:55; (H) Jos 23:13 (D), Ju 2:3 (prob. read context as Nu 33:55 GFM; DlPr 75 cp. Assyrian ṣaddu, snare, trap); of one lying Ez 4:4, 6, 9, מִצִּדְּךָ אֶל־צִדֶּ֑ךָ v 8 turn from side to side; children carried עַל־צ׳ (i.e. prob. on hip) Is 60:4; 66:12; of cattle Ez 34:21 (in fig.); of things 1 S 20:20 (cf. Dr), Gn 6:16; Ex 25:32(×3) = 37:18(×3), 26:13; 30:4 = 37:27 (all P); מִצַּד at the side of c. gen. th. Dt 31:26, pers. 1 S 20:25; Ru 2:14, מִצִּדְּךָ ψ 91:7; c. gen. loc. Jos 3:16; 12:9, מִצַּד הָהָר 2 S 13:34; מִצַּד הָהָר מִזֶּה 1 S 23:26 bis on this side of the hill and on that side; c. sf. rei מִצִּדּוֹ 1 S 6:8.BDB צַד.2
צדד (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic صَدَّ turn away, then shun, alienate; NH Biblical Aramaic צַד = BH; Arabic صَدَدٌ vicinity, صَدَدَ in front of, in the vicinity of; Aramaic צֵיד, ܨܶܐܕ by, apud).BDB צדד.2
† [צְדָד] n.pr.loc. on N. border of Canaan, c. ה loc., צְדָ֫דָה Nu 34:8 (Σαραδακ, Sam. צרדה), Ez 47:15 (Σελδαμμα), read prob. צְדָ֫דָה; perhaps Khirbet Ṣerādā, N. of Abil, E. of Merj ʿAjûn toward Hermon (lat. c. 33° 25’ N., long. c. 35° 35’ E.), so van Kasteren Rev.Bibl., 1895, 30, cf. BuhlGeogr. 67.BDB צְדָד.2
צֵדָה v. צֵידָה, sub II. צוד.BDB צֵדָה.2
† I. צָדָה vb. lie in wait (NH id., rare; cf. (si vera l.) Biblical Aramaic צְדָא Dn 3:14);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. צ׳ Ex 21:13 (E; abs.); Pt. c. acc. וְאַתָּה צֹדֶה אֶת־נַפְשִׁי לְקַחְתָּהּ 1 S 24:11 (Gi; v 12 van d. H. Baer).BDB צָדָה.2
† II. [צָדָה] vb. lay waste (NH id. (rare), Aramaic צְדִי, ܨܕܳܐ, ܨܕܺܝ id.);—
Niph. Pf. 3 pl. נִצְדּוּ עָרֵיהֶם Zp 3:6 their cities are laid waste.BDB צָדָה².2
צָדוֹק and (1 K 1:26) צָדֹק54 n.pr.m. (just, righteous; cf. Sab. n.pr. צדק CIS iv, No. 287, 1. 2. 11. 15 etc., DHMHof museum. No. 32);—Σαδωκ, Σαδδουκ (cf. LagBN 225 ff.):—
1. 48 priests: a. David’s time 2 S 8:17 = 1 Ch 18:16, 2 S 15:24, 25 + 23 times S K Ch, + (Sol.’s time) 1 K 2:35 = 1 Ch 29:22, 1 K 4:2, 4; ancestor of בְּנֵי צָדוֹק Ez 40:46; 44:15; 48:11, זֶרַע צ׳ 43:19, בֵּית צ׳ 2 Ch 31:10; descendant of Eleazar 1 Ch 5:34(×2) + 5 times Ch. b. 1 Ch 5:38(×2), poss. = c. 1 Ch 9:11; Ne 11:11.
†2. father-in-law of Uzziah 2 K 15:33 = 2 Ch 27:1.
†3. two wall-builders: a. Ne 3:4. b. v 29; perhaps = c. 10:22, and d. צ׳ הַסּוֹפֵר 13:13.BDB צָדוֹק.2
† צְדִיָּה n.f. lying-in-wait;—(ב)צ׳ Nu 35:20, 22 i.e. with malicious intent (P).BDB צְדִיָּה.2
† צִדִּים n.pr.loc. in Naphtali, הַצּ׳ Jos 19:35 (𝔊 τῶν Τυρίων).BDB צִדִּים.2
צַדִּיק206 adj. just, righteous;—abs. צ׳ Gn 6:9 +; pl. צַדִּיקִים Ex 23:8 +, etc.;—
1. just, righteous, in government: a. of Davidic king 2 S 23:3; צֶמַח Je 23:5; Zc 9:9 (‖ victorious). b. of judges, Ez 23:45; Pr 29:2 (v. Toy; Kau questions this meaning in all these). c. of law, מִשְׁפָּטִים צ׳ Dt 4:8. d. of God Dt 32:4 ψ 119:137; 129:4; Jb 34:17, opp. Pharaoh Ex 9:27 (J); in discrimination Je 12:1; Zp 3:5 ψ 7:10, 12; 11:7; condemnation 2 Ch 12:6; Dn 9:14 La 1:18; Ezr 9:15; Ne 9:33; redemption Is 45:21 ψ 116:5; keeping promises Ne 9:8; in all his ways ψ 145:17.
2. just in one’s cause, right: Ex 23:7, 8 (E) Dt 16:19; 25:1; 1 K 8:32 = 2 Ch 6:23, Is 5:23; 29:21; Jb 32:1; 36:7; Pr 17:15, 26; 18:5, 17; 24:24; Am 2:6; 5:12; Hb 1:4, 13; right in law, not under penalty 2 S 4:11; 1 K 2:32; innocent of specif. offence 2 K 10:9; c. מְן comp. 1 S 24:18.
3. just, righteous, in conduct and character: a. towards God Gn 7:1; 18:23, 24(×2), 25(×2), 26, 28 (J) 20:4 (E), Hb 2:4; Mal 3:18. b. in gen., ethically: ψ 5:13; 7:10; 11:3, 5 + 21 times ψψ (+ infr.), Pr 2:20; 3:33; 4:18; 9:9 + 56 times Pr, Ec 3:17 + 7 times Ec, Is 3:10; 57:1(×2); Je 20:12; La 4:13 Ez 3:20, 21(×2) + 12 times Ez, Ho 14:10; ‖ תמים Gn 6:9 (P) Jb 12:4; ‖ נָקִי Jb 17:9; 22:19; 27:17 ψ 94:21; ‖ יִשְׁרֵי לֵב ψ 32:11; 64:11; 97:11.
4. righteous, as justified and vindicated by י׳, especially servant of י׳ Is 53:11, so his people, usually pl. Is 60:21 ψ 33:1 + 8 times ψψ (v. also supr.); אָהֳלֵי צ׳ 118:15 tents of the righteous; גּוֹרַל צ׳ 125:3; עֲדַת צ׳ 1:5; דֶּרֶךְ צ׳ v 6; sg. coll. 34:20, 22; 75:11; Is 24:16; 26:7(×2); גּוֹי צַדִּיק v 2 (‖ שֹׁמֵר אֱמֻנִים).
5. right, correct, Is 41:26 (cf. אֱמֶת 43:9); lawful שְׁבִי צ׳ 49:24 EV; but read עָרִיץ.BDB צַדִּיק.2
צֵדְנִיֹּת v. צִידֹנִי.BDB צֵדְנִיֹּת.2
צדק (√ of foll.; NH, Aramaic in deriv.; cf. Arabic صَدَقَ speak the truth (also صَدْقٌ hard, even, straight, perfect); Sab. צדק just, epith. of king Mordtm ZMG xxx (1876), 37 HomChrest. 125; usually excellent DHM ZMG xxix (1875), 595, 599 CIS iv. p. 176; also verb favour, endow (one with something) CIS iv. No. 198, 1. 4 DHM l.c. MordtmHim. Inschr. 70 f.; Ph. צדק adj. just, right, TelAm (Can.) ṣaduḳ innocent; Old Aramaic צדק n. righteousness, loyalty, Nab. אצדק adj. authorized, Palm. זדקתא εὐσεβής; Saho sadaḳ, be true, clear Reinisch Saho Spr, (1890) 312; Ethiopic ጸድቀ: be just, righteous, so NH צדק Pi. Hiph., Aramaic צְדֵיק, ܙܕܰܩ; cf. Kau Deriv. d. St. צדק (1881) HPSצדק etc. Presb. Rev., 1882, 165 ff. Gerber 206 ff.).BDB צדק.2
† צֶ֫דֶק n.m. Is 1:21 rightness, righteousness;—צ׳ Lv 19:36 + 87 times; צִדְקִי Is 41:10 + 8 times, etc.;—
1. what is right, just, normal; rightness, justness, of weights and measures, אֵיפָה, אֶבֶן שְׁלֵמָה וָצֶדֶק Dt 25:15 a perfect and a just weight, ephah; מֹאזְנֵי צ׳; אַבְנֵי צ׳, אֵיפַת צ׳, הִין צ׳, בַּת צ׳ Lv 19:36 (H) Jb 31:6; Ez 45:10; מַעְגְּלֵי צ׳ right paths ψ 23:3; זִבְחֵי צ׳ right peace-offerings Dt 33:19 ψ 4:6; 51:21.
2. righteousness, in government: a. of judges, rulers, kings, שׁפט בצ׳ Lv 19:15 (H); שׁפט צ׳ Dt 1:16 Pr 31:9; משׁפט צ׳ Dt 16:18; רדף צ׳ v 20; חוֹקֵק צ׳ Pr 8:15; מלך לצ׳ Is 32:1; דבּר צ׳ ψ 58:2; also Pr 25:5 ψ 94:15; Ec 5:7. b. of law, as מִשְׁפָּטִים Is 58:2 ψ 119:7, 62, 75, 106, 160 (𝔊, but MT מִשְׁפַּט), v 164; as עֵדוֹת v 138, 144; as מִצְוֹת v 172. c. of Davidic king, Messiah Is 11:4, 5; 16:5 ψ 45:5, דין בצ׳ 72:2. d. of Jerus., as seat of just government, עִיר הַצֶּדֶק Is 1:26 city of righteousness; נְוֵה צ׳ Je 31:23; 50:7 (poss. these reflect an orig. god צֶדֶק, v. מַלְכִּי צֶדֶק); צ׳ יָלִין בָּהּ Is 1:21 righteousness used to lodge in her; cf. מְקוֹם הצ׳ Ec 3:16 the place of righteousness. e. of God’s attribute as sovereign Jb 36:3, husband of Israel Ho 2:21; צ׳ his personif. agent ψ 85:11, 12, 14, foundation of his throne 89:15 = 97:2; in his government ψ 9:9; 65:6; 96:13 = 98:9, promise Is 45:19, administration of justice Jb 8:3 Je 11:20 ψ 7:18; 48:11; 50:6 = 97:6, vindication of his people 9:5; 35:24, 28; raising up Cyrus Is 45:13, calling his servant 42:6; אֱלֹהֵי צִדְקִי ψ 4:2 God of my righteousness (who vindicates me); his צ׳ is everlasting 119:142.
3. righteousness, justice, in a case or cause Jb 6:29; 8:6; 29:14 ψ 35:27; Is 59:4; God שׁפט כצ׳ ψ 7:9 judges according to righteousness; גמל כצ׳ 18:21; השׁיב כצ׳ v 25; שׁמע צ׳ 17:1; הוציא צ׳ 37:6.
4. rightness, in speech, דבּר צ׳ ψ 52:5 (opp. שֶׁקֶר); יַגִּיד צ׳ Pr 12:17; בצ׳ כל אמרי פי 8:8; שִׂפְתֵי צ׳ 16:13.
5. righteousness, as ethically right Jb 35:2 ψ 17:15; 45:8; Pr 1:3; 2:9; Ec 7:15; Je 22:13; Ez 3:20; Ho 10:12 (read פְּרִי צ׳, so 𝔊 We Now); צ׳ עלמים Dn 9:24; עשׂה צ׳ Is 64:4 ψ 119:121; פעל צ׳ 15:2; למד צ׳ Is 26:9, 10; בקּשׁ צ׳ Zp 2:3; רדף צ׳ Is 51:1; ידע צ׳ v 7.
6. righteousness as vindicated, justification in controversy with enemies and troubles, deliverance, victory, prosperity: a. of God as covenant-keeping, in redemption, בִּימִין צִדְקִי Is 41:10, ‖ יֵשַׁע 45:8; 51:5, cf. 42:21; בשּׂר צ׳ ψ 40:10; אִמְרַת צ׳ 119:123. b. in name יהוה צִדְקֵנוּ, of Messianic king (vindicating people’s cause and giving victory) Je 23:6; of city 33:16. c. of people as enjoying צ׳ of salvation, ‖ יְשׁוּעָה Is 62:1; ‖ כָּבוֹד 58:3; 62:2; כהנים יִלְבְּשׁוּ צ׳ ψ 132:9; שַׁעֲרֵי צ׳ 118:19; אֵילֵי הצ׳ Is 61:3. d. of Cyrus, צ׳ יִקְרָאֵהוּ לְרַגְלוֹ Is 41:2 (who) in victory calleth him at every step (CheHpt. on whose steps attends victory, so Di Du).BDB צֶ֫דֶק.2
† [צָדֵק, צָדֹק] vb. denom. be just, righteous;—
Qal Pf. 3 fs. צָֽדְקָה Gn 38:26; 2 ms. צָדַקְתָּ Jb 33:12; 35:7, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִצְדַּק Jb 9:2 +; יִצְדָּ֑ק Jb 4:17; 11:2; 3 fpl. תִּצְדַּקְנָה Ez 16:52 (𝔊 Co תְּצַדְּקִין, not Berthol Toy Krae), etc.;— 1. have a just cause, be in the right, Jb 9:15, 20; 13:18; 34:5; in complaint Jb 33:12; c. מִן pers. Gn 38:26 (J; of Tamar). 2. be justified, in one’s plea Jb 11:2; c. עִם (man with God) 9:2; 25:4; בי׳ Is 45:25; by witnesses 43:9; by acquittal ψ 143:2; Is 43:26; by condemnation of opponent Jb 40:8. 3. be just: of God, in his government, in charging with sin ψ 51:6; of מִשְׁפְּטֵי־י׳ 19:10. 4. be just, righteous, in conduct and character: of men Jb 10:15; 15:14; 22:3; 35:7, c. מִן comp., Jb 4:17 (more than God; Dr at God’s hand, מִן 2 d), Ez 16:52 (< 𝔊 Co Pi.).
Niph. Pf. 3 ms. וְנִצְדַּק קֹדֶשׁ consec. Dn 8:14 the holy place shall be put right, in a right condition (Marti Kau Buhl SS; Bev Dr Marti Comm. be justified, its cause vindicated).
Pi. Pf. 3 fs. צִדְּקָה Je 3:11; Impf. 2 fs. תְּצַדְּקִי Ez 16:51; Inf. cstr. sf. צַדְּקֶ֑ךָּ Jb 33:32; צַדֶּקְתֵּךְ (Ges§ 52 p) Ez 16:52; צַדְּקוֹ Jb 32:2;—justify: עַל צַדְּקוֹ נַפְשׁוֹ מֵאֱלֹהִים Jb 32:2 because he justified himself rather than God (cf. Qal 1); make to appear righteous Je 3:11; Ez 16:51, 52 (all c. מִן comp.); חָפַצְתִּי צַדְּקֶ֑ךָּ Jb 33:32 I desire to justify thee (in thy plea, cf. Qal 2).
Hiph. Pf. 1 s. sf. הִצְדַּקְתִּיו 2 S 15:4; 3 mpl. הִצְדִּיקוּ Dt 25:1; Impf. 3 ms. יַצְדִּיק Is 53:11; 1 s. אַצְדִּיק Ex 23:7; Jb 27:5; Inf. cstr. הַצְדִּיק 1 K 8:32 = 2 Ch 6:23; Imv. mpl. הַצְדִּיקוּ ψ 82:3; Pt. מַצְדִּיק Pr 17:15, etc.;— 1. do justice, in administering law 2 S 15:4 ψ 82:3. 2. declare righteous, justify, c. acc. (ה)צַדִּיק Dt 25:1; 1 K 8:32 = 2 Ch 6:23; רָשָׁע Ex 23:7 (E) Is 5:23; Pr 17:15; justify accusers, by recognizing charge as just Jb 27:5. 3. justify, vindicate the cause of, save, c. acc., Is 50:8 (of God), c. לְ of obj. Is 53:11 (of servant of י׳). 4. make righteous, turn to righteousness, Dn 12:3, cf. Aboth 5:26, 27 Bev.
Hithp. Impf. 1 pl. נִצְטַדָּ֑ק Gn 44:16 (J) how shall we justify ourselves, clear ourselves, from suspicion?BDB צָדֵק.2
צְדָקָה157 n.f. righteousness;—abs. צ׳ Gn 15:6 + 81 times; cstr. צִדְקַת Dt 33:21 + 5 times; sf. צִדְקָתִי Gn 30:33 +, etc.; pl. צְדָקוֹת Is 33:15 + 3 times; cstr. צִדְקוֹת Ju 5:11 +; sf. צִדְקֹתֶיךָ Dn 9:16, etc.;—
1. righteousness, in government: a. of judge, ruler, king: ‖ משׁפט Is 5:7; 9:6; Am 5:7; 6:12; משׁפט וצ׳ 2 S 8:15, עשׂה D. executed justice and righteousness = 1 Ch 18:14, cf. 1 K 10:9 = 2 Ch 9:8, Je 22:3, 15; 33:15 Ez 45:9; בּצ׳ יִכּוֹן כִּסֵּא Pr 16:12, cf. Is 54:14; עֲבֹדַת הצ׳, מַעֲשֵׂה הצ׳ Is 32:17, cf. v 16; נֹגְשַׂיִךְ צ׳ Is 60:17. b. of law, ‖ משׁפטים, צִדְקַת י׳ Dt 33:21. c. of Davidic king, Messiah, ‖ משׁפט, ψ 72:1, 3; Is 9:6; Je 23:5; 33:15.
2. God’s attribute as sovereign ψ 36:7; 71:19; in government, עשׂה משׁפט וצ׳ 99:4; Je 9:23; administering justice Jb 37:23; punishment Is 1:27; 5:16; 10:22; 28:17; Dn 9:7; vindication of his people Mi 7:9.
3. righteousness, in a case or cause, בצדקתי החזקתי Jb 27:6 on my righteousness I hold fast; מה ישׁ לי עוד צ׳ 2 S 19:29 what right have I yet? (cf. Ne 2:20); of God, הגיד צ׳ Is 57:12 (iron.); השׁיב צ׳ 1 S 26:23; Jb 33:26; כּצ׳, השׁיב 2 S 22:25, גמל v 21, נתן 1 K 8:32 = 2 Ch 6:23.
4. righteousness = truthfulness, באמת ובצ׳ Is 48:1; Zc 8:8; in word Is 45:23; 63:1, oath Je 4:2.
5. righteousness, as ethically right: Gn 30:33 (J) Dt 6:25; Is 33:5; 48:18; Ez 14:14, 20; Pr 10:2; 11:4, 5, 18, 19 + 17 times, + צִדְקַת (ה)צַדִּיק(ים) Is 5:23; Ez 18:20; 33:12; צ׳ ישׁרים Pr 11:6; אֹרַח צ׳ 8:20; 12:28; דֶּרֶךְ צ׳ 16:31; עשׂה צ׳ do righteousness ψ 106:3; Is 56:1; 58:2; Ez 18:22; עשׂה משׁפט וצ׳ Ez 18:5 + 6 times Ez; עשׂה צ׳ ומשׁפט Gn 18:19 (J) Pr 21:3; רדף צ׳ Pr 15:9; 21:21; הלך באמת ובצ׳ 1 K 3:6; חשׁב לוֹ (ל)צ׳ Gn 15:6 (JE) imputed to him (for) righteousness, ψ 106:31; צ׳ וָחֶסֶד Pr 21:21(×2) (del. 𝔊 AB Toy).
6. righteousness as vindicated, justification, salvation, etc. (cf. צֶדֶק 6): a. of God, ‖ יֶשַׁע, תְּשׁוּעָה, יְשׁוּעָה Is 45:8; 46:13; 51:6 + 7 times Is 2; ‖ בְּרָכָה ψ 24:6; ‖ נַחֲלָה Is 54:17; ‖ חֶסֶד ψ 36:11; 103:17; שֶׁמֶשׁ צ׳ Mal 3:20 sun of righteousness (with healing); בִּצ׳, י׳ delivers, guides, exalts his people ψ 5:9; 31:2; 71:2; 89:17; 119:40; 143:1, 11; אַל־יָבֹאוּ בְּצִדְקָתֶ֑ךָ 69:28 (of wicked); as acc. after verbs of declaring, etc., his saving (delivering) righteousness 22:32; 40:11; 51:16; 71:15, 16, 24; 98:2; 145:7; also יִוָּדַע צ׳ 88:13; צ׳ עֹמֶדֶת לָעַד his righteousness endureth for ever 111:3 cf. 119:142. b. of people, = prosperity, ‖ הון, עשׁר Pr 8:18; מוֹרֶה לצ׳ early rain for prosperity Jo 2:23.
7. pl. righteous acts: a. of God Ju 5:11(×2); 1 S 12:7; Mi 6:5; vindication of right ψ 103:6; redemptive Is 45:24; Dn 9:16. b. of man’s moral conduct Is 64:5; Je 51:10, also prob. Ez 3:20; 18:24; 33:13 (Kt sg.) ψ 11:7 (? gloss), Dn 9:18; as adv. acc., הֹלֵךְ צְדָקוֹת Is 33:15.BDB צְדָקָה.2
צִדְקִיָּ֫הוּ56 -יָּה7 n.pr.m. (י׳ is righteousness; cf. Sab. צדקאל DHMib., on No. 32);—Σεδεκια(ς):
1. last king of Judah, מַתַּנְּיָה, changed to צ׳: -יָּ֫הוּ 2 K 24:17, 18, 20; 25:2, 7(×2) = 2 Ch 36:10, 11, 1 Ch 3:15; Je 1:3; 21:1, 3, 7 + 37 times Je; -יָּה †Je 27:12; 28:1; 29:3; 49:34.
†2. false prophets: a. under Ahab, -יָּ֫הוּ 1 K 22:24 = 2 Ch 18:10, 23; -יָּה 1 K 22:11. b. -יָּ֫הוּ Jerem.’s time, Je 29:21, 22.
†3. -יָּ֫הוּ prince, Jerem.’s time, Je 36:12.
†4. -יָּה, priest, Nehem.’s time, Ne 10:2 (𝔊L Σεχενιας).
†5. -יָּה, son of Jehoiachin, according to 1 Ch 3:16, but prob. gloss, Be SS, cf. Kit.BDB צִדְקִיָּ֫הוּ.2
† [צָהֵב, צָהֹב, cf. LagBN 31] vb. gleam (NH id. (of face, bronze, etc.); Arabic صَهِبَ be red);—
Hoph. Pt. נְחשֶׁת מֻצְהָב Ezr 8:27 bronze of gleaming ware (so NH and—appar. Hebraism—𝔗 2 Ch 4:16).BDB צָהֵב.2
† צָהֹב adj. gleaming, yellow (of hair);—שֵׂעָר צ׳ Lv 13:30, 32, 36 (opp. שׂ׳ שָׁחֹר v 31, 37).BDB צָהֹב.2
† I. [צָהַל] vb. neigh, cry shrilly (Arabic صَهَلَ neigh, Syriac ܨܗܰܠ id.; 𝔗 Est 8:15 = BH);—
Qal Pf. 3 fs. צָֽהֲלָה Est 8:15; 3 pl. צָֽהֲלוּ Is 24:14; Impf. 3 mpl. יִצְהָ֑לוּ Je 5:8; 2 fs. תצהלי 50:11 Kt, Qr 2 mpl. תִּצְהֲלוּ and so Vrss; Imv. fs. צַהֲלִי Is 10:30 +; mpl. צַהֲלוּ Je 31:7;— 1. neigh, of men under fig. of stallions; c. אֶל unto (in desire) Je 5:8, of profligate Judaeans; abs. 50:11 of arrogant Chaldeans. 2. cry shrilly, in distress Is 10:30 (c. adv. acc. קוֹלֵךְ); usually joy, praise (‖ רָנַן) 12:6; 54:1, c. ב at, over, Je 31:7; Is 24:14; + שָׂמֵ֑חָה Est 8:15.BDB צָהַל.2
† II. [צָהַל] vb.
Hiph. make shining (NH id. (rare); ‖ form of צהר, denom. from צהרים);—Inf. cstr. לְהַצְהִיל פָּנִים מִשָּׁ֑מֶן ψ 104:15.BDB צָהַל².2
צהר (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic ظَهَرَ appear, mount, ظَهْرٌ back, ظَهِيرَةٌ midday; Assyrian ṣêru (TelAm. zuʾru, etc.), back; Aramaic טִיהֲרָא, ܛܰܗܪܳܐ MI:15 הצהרם, midday; LagBN 129; > Köii 1, 93 (cf. Thes) = shine, ‖ זהר, NH Hiph. (rare), for this is in Aramaic צהר (rare)); הִצְהִיר Ecclus 43:3 is denom. from צהרים.BDB צהר.2
† [צָהַר] vb.denom. from foreg.,
Hiph. press out oil;—Impf. 3 mpl. יַצְהִ֑ירוּ Jb 24:11.BDB צָהַר.2
† I. [צֹ֫הַר] n.[m.] only pl. צָהֳרַ֫יִם midday, noon, Dt 28:29 +, צָהֳרָ֑יִם Gn 43:16 + (when sun mounts its highest; on form as expanded pl. (not du.) v. Ges§ 88 c and reff.);—usually
1. noon as a specif. time of day, 1 K 18:29; especially בַּצּ׳ at noon Gn 43:16, 25; Am 8:9; 1 K 18:27; 20:16; Ct 1:7 (resting-time for flock), Je 6:4 (opp. evening); בְּעֵת צ׳ Je 20:16 (dist. from morning) as time of supposed security Je 15:8; Zp 2:4; also מֵהַבֹּקֶר וְעַד הַצּ׳ 1 K 18:26, עַד־הַצּ׳ 2 K 4:20; without ב, as adv., צ׳ as time of prayer ψ 55:18 (+ בֹּקֶר, עֶרֶב); as time of wasting קֶטֶב 91:6; מִשְׁכַּב הַצּ׳ 2 S 4:5 noonday repose.
2. noon, as bright, sim. of happiness, blessing, Is 58:10 (opp. אֲפֵלָה), ψ 37:6 (‖ כָּאוֹר); cf. Jb 11:17 (Ges§ 133 e); v. also בְּתוֹךְ הַצּ׳ Is 16:3 (opp. צִלֵּךְ); בַּצּ׳ Dt 28:29 Is 59:10 Jb 5:14.BDB צֹ֫הַר.2
† II. צֹ֫הַר n.f. prob. roof (cf.Arabic Assyrian TelAm. back; > Thes Di al. light, window);—צ׳ תַּעֲשֶׂה לַתֵּבָה Gn 6:16.BDB צֹ֫הַר².2
צַו v. צוה.BDB צַו.2
† צַו appar. n.[m.], dub. word;—in הָלַךְ אַחֲרֵי־צָ֑ו Ho 5:11 usually command, ordinance;
< 𝔊 𝔖 Che Now GASm שָׁוְא
; elsewhere only צַו לָצָ֙ו צַו לָצָ֔ו (‖ קַו לָקָו קַו לָקָו), Is 28:10 in mocking mimicry of Is.’s words, and, v 13, of the unintelligible speech of י׳’s foreign agents of judgment; Ges CheComm. al. (cf. AV RV) render command upon command; Ew Di (carpenter’s) rule (+ קַו = line and rule), from √ צָוָה (whence צִיּוּן); Du CheHpt. explain as mocking sounds without sense.BDB צַו².2
צוא (√ of foll.; cf. Syriac ܨܺܐܝ be foul, Ethiopic ጼአ; prob. also Arabic وَصِىَٔ be polluted; DlPr 160 Köii. 1, 162 cp. also Assyrian ṣiʾ, destroy, ruin; NH צוֹאָה = BH; Aramaic צָאתָא, ܨܳܐܬܳܐ, filth).BDB צוא.2
צַוָּאר v. I. צור.BDB צַוָּאר.2
† צַוָּאר n.m. ψ 75:6 neck, back of neck;—abs. צ׳ Is 8:8 +, cstr. צַוַּאר Je 28:10 + 3 times; sf. צַוָּארִי La 1:14, צַוָּרָם Ne 3:5, etc.; pl. cstr. צַוְּארֵי Ju 8:21 +; sf. צַוָּארָיו Gn 27:16 +, צַוְּארֵיכֶם Je 27:12, †צַוְּארֹתֵיכֶם Mi 2:3;—
1. neck, especially back of neck, of man, wearing chain as ornament Gn 41:42 (E), so of woman Ct 1:10, cf. Ju 5:30 (read perhaps צַוָּארַי for -רֵי), elsewhere in Gn usually pl. intens., of individual, נָפַל עַל־צ׳ 45:14 (E), 46:29; 33:4 (Qr; Kt sg.), so בָּכָה עַל־צ׳ 45:14; 46:29 (all J); חֶלְקַת צַוָּארָיו 27:16 smooth part of neck (J); neck of beautiful woman Ct 4:4; 7:5; neck as pressed by foot of conqueror Jos 10:24(×2) (JE); place of yoke Gn 27:40 (sg.; J), Dt 28:48; Is 10:27; Je 27:2, 8, 11, 12; 28:10, 11, 12, 14; 30:8; of transgressions as yoke La 1:14; place of bonds Is 52:2; of bearing load, Ne 3:5 (fig.), hence calamity as burden Mi 2:3; neck as smitten with sword Ez 21:34; עַד־צ׳ as measurement of height (depth; in fig.) Is 8:8; 30:28; Hb 3:13; בְּצ׳ עָתָק fig. ψ 75:6 speak not with arrogant neck (si vera l.; but read perhaps בַּצּוּר against the Rock, 𝔊 κατὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, Bae Hup-Now Che Kau); of wicked, rushing against God Jb 15:26.—עַל־צַוָּארֵנוּ נִרְדָּ֔פְנוּ La 5:5 is dubious; Matthes Löhr Bae עֹל עַל־וגו׳; Bu עֹל צַוּ׳, and הֲדָפָנוּ or יֶהְדְּפֵנוּ for נִר׳.
2. neck of animals, camels (wearing ornaments) Ju 8:21, 26; heifer Ho 10:11 (i.e. place of yoke, in fig. of Ephr.); horse Jb 39:19, crocodile 41:14.BDB צַוָּאר².2
† צוֹבָא, צוֹבָה n.pr.terr. Σουβα, rarely Σωβα(λ): an Aramaean kingdom, time of (Saul and) David אֲרַם צוֹבָא 2 S 10:6, 8 (elsewhere צוֹבָה), אֲרַם צוֹבָה ψ 60:2 (title); הֲדַדְעֶזֶר מֶלֶךְ צ׳ 2 S 8:3, 5, 12 = 1 Ch 18:3, 5; 1 K 11:23; 1 Ch 18:9; צ׳ also 19:6; חֲמַת צ׳ 2 Ch 8:3; orig. home of one of David’s heroes 2 S 23:36 (perhaps read also for n.pr.m. מִבְחָר ‖ 1 Ch 11:38, cf. Dr); מַלְכֵי צ׳ 1 S 14:47 (only here in Saul’s time); NöAram., in Ency. Bib., cf. ZMG xxv (1871), 113 ff. places between Hamath and Damascus (about Ḥums, Emesa), and so DlPa 279 f., who cp. Assyrian city Ṣubitu, cf. SchrCOT. 2 S 8:3.BDB צוֹבָא.2
II. צוד (√ of foll.; relation to I. צוד dub.; cf. Assyrian ṣîdîtu, Arabic زَادٌ (و), Aramaic זְוָדָה, ܙܘܳܕܳܐ, Palm. זוד, all provisions (especially for journey); in Thes = I. צוד; on game as early food of nomads v. RSSem i. 205; 2nd ed. 222f. cf. DoughtyArab. Des. i. 70, 326, 562; ז (Arabic Aramaic) is then secondary).BDB צוד.2
† I. צוּד vb. hunt (NH id. (rare), מְצוּדָה = BH Assyrian ṣâdu, hunt, so Arabic (صيد), صَادَ, Aramaic צוּד, צִיד, ((ܨܘܕ) ܨܳܕ) Old Aramaic צידא hunting);—
Qal Pf. 3 pl. צָד֣וּ La 4:18; sf. צָדוּנִי 3:52, וְצָדוּם consec. Je 16:16; Impf. 3 ms. יָצוּד Lv 17:13, etc.; Imv. ms. צוּ֫דָה Gn 27:3; Inf. abs. צוֹד La 3:52; cstr. לָצוּד Gn 27:5; Pt. הַצָּד v 33;—hunt, c. acc. i. צַיִד Gn 27:3 Qr (> Kt צידה), v 5, 33 (all J), צֵיד חַיָּה Lv 17:13 (H); טֶרֶף Jb 38:39; c. acc. pers. Mi 7:2 (+ חֵרֶם, instr.), Je 16:16 (+ מֵעַל), Jb 10:16, צוֹד צָדוּנִי כַצִּפּוֹר La 3:52, subj. evil ψ 140:12; c. acc. צְעָדֵינוּ La 4:18, נֶפֶשׁ יְקָרָה Pr 6:26.—Ho 9:13 read prob. לָצוּד (or לָצַיִד), for MT לְצוֹר, v. צֹר. Pōʿl. hunt (Keenly, eagerly?), Impf. 2 fpl. תְּצוֹדֵדְנָה Ez 13:18; Inf. cstr. לְצוֹדֵד v 18; Pt. fpl. מְצֹדְדוֹת v 20(×2), all c. acc. נְפָשׁוֹת (of magic arts, necromancy, etc.).BDB צוּד.2
[צָוָה485] vb.
Pi. lay charge (upon), give charge (to), charge, command, order (BaZMG xli (1887), 641 Gerber 124 cp. Arabic وَصَى combine, ii. enjoin, iv. charge; وَصِيَّةٌ injunction, command; Syriac ܨܘܳܐ, head up stones, ܨܘܳܝܳܐ, stone-heap, Arabic صُوَّةٌ guide-stone, cf. Schulth 57; Gerber makes Heb. vb. denom. from מִצְוָה, but vb. is much earlier);—Pf. 3 ms. צִוָּה Gn 6:22 +; sf. צִוַּנִי Dt 4:5 +; צִוְּךָ Dt 4:23 +; צִוָּהוּ Gn 7:5 +, etc.; 1 s. צִוִּיתִי Ex 29:35 + 29 times, צִוֵּיתִי Lv 8:31 + 4 times, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְצַוֶּה Gn 18:19 + 8 times; יְצַו Dt 28:8; וַיְצַו Gn 2:16 +; sf. וִיצַוְּךָ 1 Ch 22:12, etc.; 1 s. וָאֲצַוֶּה Ezr 8:17 Qr (> Kt ואוצאה); 3 mpl. וַיְצַוּוּ Gn 50:16 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. צַוֹּת 2 S 18:5 +, etc.; Imv. ms. צַוֵּה Jos 4:16 + 2 times; צַו Lv 6:2 + 9 times; mpl. צַוּוּ Jos 1:11; 4:3; Pt. מְצַוֶּה Nu 32:25 +; cstr. מְצַוֵּה Is 55:4, etc.; f. מְצַוָּה Gn 27:8;— 1. a. lay charge upon, c. עַל pers., Gn 2:16 (J) 28:6 (P) 1 K 2:43; 11:11; Am 2:12; Je 35:6 + 6 times; עַל rei, עַל הֶעָבִים אֲצַוֶּה מֵהַמְטִיר Is 5:6, cf. Jb 36:32, צ׳ עַל־חָגָב 2 Ch 7:13. b. give charge to, command to c. לְ pers. Ex 1:22 (E) 1 S 20:29; 1 Ch 22:17; Is 13:3; Jer 32:23; ψ 105:8 תּוֹרָה צ׳ לָנוּ מֹשֶׁה Dt 33:4, cf. Ne 9:14; צַו לְבֵיתֶ֑ךָ 2 K 20:1 give charge to the household (in preparation for death) = Is 38:1 (cf. NH, B.Bath. 151 b, צַוָּאָה ‘verbal will’ Id 147a). c. give charge unto, c. אֶל pers. Ex 16:34 (P), 1 K 11:10; וַיְצַו אֶל־בֵּיתוֹ 2 S 17:23 (cf. b). d. give charge over, appoint, c. acc. pers. + עַל rei, Ne 7:2; 1 Ch 22:12, נָגִיד עַל (לִהְיוֹת) צ׳ appoint one (to be) ruler over 2 S 6:21; 1 K 1:35; c. לנגיד 1 S 13:14; 25:30; שׁפטים על 2 S 7:11 = 1 Ch 17:10; c. inf. (no על), לִרְעוֹת עמי 2 S 7:7 = 1 Ch 17:6; וְצִוִּיתָה אֹתוֹ לְעֵינֵיהֶם Nu 27:19 (P) and thou shalt install him in their sight, cf. v 23 (P). e. give one charge, command (often עַל concerning), Gn 12:20 (J), Nu 8:22 (P), 2 S 14:8; 18:5; Je 7:22; 39:11; Is 45:12 (AV RV Che RyKau; > Ges Ew Di Du al. as d), 10:6 (al. against), Na 1:14 (al. id.); c. לְ Nu 9:8; 32:28 (P), ψ 91:11 La 1:17 Est 3:2; c. אֶל Is 23:11 Je 47:7. 2. charge, command: a. c. acc. pers. + rei, often, especially of the law: Deut. phrases are אשׁר אנכי מצוךָ Ex 34:11 (J), Dt 4:40; 6:2, 6 + 18 times Dt, cf. 15:15; אשׁר אנכי מצוה אתכם Dt 4:2(×2) + 9 times Dt; †הַדֶּרֶךְ אשׁר ע׳ Dt 13:6; Ex 32:8 (E) Dt 5:30; 9:12, 16; 11:28; 31:29. b. c. acc. pers. + obj. clause, e.g., Inf. Gn 50:2 +; ו consec. Pf. 18:19 (J), Nu 35:2 (P); ו consec. Impf. 2 S 4:12; 1 K 2:46; weak ו c. Impf. Ex 27:20 (P) Jos 4:16; Imv. Jos 1:9; 1 S 18:22. c. acc. pers., acc. rei om., Ex 18:23 (E) Gn 49:33 (P) +; obj. given after לֵאמֹר Gn 26:11; 32:18, 20; Lv 6:2 +; וַיֹּאמֶר, etc., Gn 28:1; 49:29 +. d. acc. rei, acc. pers. om., צ׳ לעולם בריתוֹ ψ 111:9; †זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר צ׳ י׳, Ex 16:16, 32; 35:4; Lv 8:5; 9:6; 17:2; Nu 30:2; 36:6 (P); obj. cl., Lv 8:34 (P), 13:54 (P); Gn 42:25 (E), 1 K 5:20; Ju 4:6 e. abs. Gn 50:16 (E), La 3:37. 3. charge, command, acc. pers. in phr. כַּאֲשֶׁר צ׳ Ex 23:15 (E) Gn 7:9 (P) +; ככל אשׁר צ׳ Gn 7:5 (J) Ex 29:35 (P) +; כאשׁר צ׳ י׳ משֶׁה Ex 12:28, 50; 39:1, 5 + 37 times P; ככל אשׁר צ׳ י׳ משׁה 39:32, 42 + 5 times P; †לכל אשׁר צ׳ Jos 1:18; 22:2 Je 35:8; acc. pers. om. כאשׁר צ׳ Ex 7:10 Nu 32:25 (P) +; ככל אשׁר צ׳ 2 K 11:9 = 2 Ch 23:8 +; †לכל אשׁר צ׳ Ex 36:1 (P). †4. charge, with command to others, commission, a. acc. pers. + אֶל pers. (sometimes + acc. rei) Ex 6:13; 25:22; Lv 27:34 (P) Dt 1:3; Je 27:4 Est 4:10; acc. pers. om. Gn 50:16 (E) Est 3:12; 8:9. b. בְּיַד of agent, + אֶל, Nu 15:23; 36:13 (P); אֶל om. Lv 8:36 (P), Ezr 9:11; Ne 8:14. c. acc. pers. + עַל for אֶל Ezr 8:17; 1 Ch 22:13; Mal 3:22; Est 4:5. d. c. acc. rei, וצ׳ בִּרְכָתִי לְ Lv 25:21 (P) and I will command my blessing to you, c. אִתְּךָ Dt 28:8, cf. ψ 133:3; צ׳ חסדוֹ 42:9, בֹּקֶר Jb 38:12, נָחָשׁ, חֶרֶב Am 9:3, 4. †5. command, appoint, ordain, of divine act: in creation Is 45:12 ψ 33:9; 148:5, providence 2 S 17:14; Am 6:11; 9:9; Jb 37:12 ψ 78:23; Is 34:16, redemption ψ 7:7; 44:5; 68:29; 71:3; so of idol Is 48:5 (‖ עשׂה).
†Pu. Pf. 3 ms. צֻוָּה Nu 3:16; 36:2; 2 ms. צֻוֵּיתָה Gn 45:19, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְצֻוֶּה Ex 34:34;—be commanded, i.e. receive command, subj. pers., Gn 45:19 (E), c. בְּ by whom Nu 36:2 (P); אשׁר צ׳ Ex 34:34 (P), כִּי־כֵן צ׳ Lv 8:35; 10:13 (P), כאשׁר צ׳ Nu 3:16 (P) Ez 12:7; 24:18; 37:7.BDB צָוָה.2
† [צָוַח] vb. cry aloud (NH id.; so Assyrian ṣâḫu (?) Arabic (صيح), صَاحَ, Aramaic צְוַח, ܨܘܰܚ; Ethiopic ጸውዐ call);—
Qal Impf. 3 mpl. יִצְוָ֑חוּ Is 42:11 (in joy, ‖ יָ֫רֹנּוּ).BDB צָוַח.2
† צְוָחָה n.f. outcry;—in distress, grief, abs. צ׳ ψ 144:14; cstr. צִוְחַת Je 14:2; sf. צִוְחָתֵךְ 46:12; abs. also Is 24:11 (c. עַל for, because of).BDB צְוָחָה.2
צול (√ of foll., cf. miṣwal (in Syria), a stone-lined hollow, or basin, for washing grain, WetzstSiebe ZPV xiv (1891), 3).BDB צול.2
† צוּלָה n.f. ocean-deep;—Is 44:27.BDB צוּלָה.2
† צוֹם n.m. Is 58:5 fasting, fast;—צ׳ abs. 2 S 12:16 +, cstr. Zc 8:19 (4 times); sf. צֹמְכֶם Is 58:3; pl. צוֹמוֹת Est 9:31;—fast, as acc. cogn. 2 S 12:16; public observance 1 K 21:9, 12; 2 Ch 20:3; Ezr 8:21; Je 36:9; Jon 3:5 (all obj. of קָרָא proclaim), cf. Jo 1:14; 2:15 (both obj. of קַדְּשׁוּ); יוֹם צוֹם Je 36:6, יוֹם צֹמְכֶם Is 58:3, cf. v 5 (‖ יוֹם עַנּוֹת אָדָם נַפְשׁוֹ), v 5, 6; of periodic fasts Zc 8:19(×4) Est 9:31; act or state of fasting, נֶאֶסְפוּ בְצ׳ וּבְשַׂקִּים Ne 9:1 cf. Jo 2:12; Dn 9:3; Est 4:3; עִנֵּיתִי בַצּ׳ נַפְשִׁי ψ 35:13 cf. 69:11 (on וָאֶבְכֶּה v. Che Bae); causing physical weakness 109:24.BDB צוֹם.2
† [צוּם] vb. abstain from food, fast (NH id.; Arabic (صوم), صَامَ Ethiopic ጾመ: Aramaic צוּם, ܨܳܡ );—
Qal Pf. 2 ms. צַמְתָּ 2 S 12:21; 2 mpl. צַמְתֶּם Zc 7:5, sf. צַמְתֻּנִי v 5; Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫צָם 2 S 12:16, וַיָּצוֹ֑ם 1 K 21:27; 1 s. אָצוּם Est 4:16, etc.; Imv. mpl. צוּמוּ v 16; Inf. abs. צוֹם Zc 7:5; Pt. צָם 2 S 12:23; Ne 1:4;—fast, in mourning the dead 1 S 31:13 = 1 Ch 10:12; 2 S 1:12; in worship (contrition, intercession, etc.) Ju 20:26; 1 S 7:6; 2 S 12:16 (c. acc. cogn. צוֹם; ‖ בִּקֵּשׁ), v 23 and (+ בָּכָה), v 21, 22 (q.v. for explanation), Je 14:12; Zc 7:5 (+ סְפוֹד), הֲצוֹם צַמְתֻּנִי v 5 (Ges§ 117 x) was it at all unto me [י׳] that ye fasted? וָאֱהִי צָם Ne 1:4 (periphr. conj.; + מִתְפַּלֵּל), cf. Ezr 8:23 (+ בִּקֵּשׁ), Est 4:16 (c. עַל pers. for whom), v 16, Is 58:3 (‖ עִנִּינוּ נַפְשֵׁנוּ), v 4 (c, ל rei), v 4; once in disappointment and vexation 1 K 21:27.BDB צוּם.2
צוע (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic صاغ form, fashion).BDB צוע.2
† צוּעָר n.pr.m. Σωγαρ, in Issachar (little one);—always in נְתַנְאֵל בֶּן־צ׳ Nu 1:8; 2:5; 7:18, 23; 10:15.BDB צוּעָר.2
† [צוּף] vb. flow, overflow, [float] (NH id.; so Aramaic טוּף, ܛܳܦ;—Arabic طَوْفٌ skin-raft is loan-wd. Frä 220);—
Qal Pf. 3 pl. צָפוּ־מַיִם עַל־רֹאשִׁי La 3:54 (fig.).
Hiph. 1. Pf. cause to flow over, הֵצִיף אֶת־מֵי יַם־סוּף עַל־פְּנֵיהֶם Dt 11:4. 2. cause to float: Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּצֶף הַבַּרְזֶל 2 K 6:6.BDB צוּף.2
† I. צוּף n.m. (honey-)comb (as exuding honey);—only fig.: cstr. צוּף־דְּבַשׁ Pr 16:24; pl. נֹפֶת צוּפִים ψ 19:11 (+ דְּבַשׁ), 𝔊 κηρίον, κηρία, 𝔙 favus.BDB צוּף².2
† II. צוּף n.pr.m. Ephr. ancestor of Elḳanah and Samuel, בֶּן־צ׳ 1 S 1:1 (ἐν Νασειβ, 𝔊L υἱοῦ Σωφ), 1 Ch 6:20 Qr 𝔊 𝔙 (Kt ציף); appar. = צוֹפַי v 11 (Levite), Σουφ(ει): hence prob. אֶרֶץ צוּף 1 S 9:5 (in Benj., τὴν (γὴν) Σ(ε)ιφ(α)).BDB צוּף³.2
† צוֹפַח n.pr.m. in Asher, 1 Ch 7:35, צוֹפָ֑ח v 36, Σωχαθ, Σωφας[ρ], 𝔊L Σουφα.BDB צוֹפַח.2
צוֹפַי = ii. צוּף.BDB צוֹפַי.2
† צוּפִי adj.gent. Ṣuphite;—so read prob. for צוֹפִים 1 S 1:1 (We Klo Dr and most mod., after 𝔊 Σ(ε)ιφα, A Σωφιμ).BDB צוּפִי.2
צוֹפִים v. צוּפִי.BDB צוֹפִים.2
† I. [צוּץ, צִיץ] vb.
1. blossom. 2. shine, sparkle (perhaps orig. meaning of √, but connex. of 1, 2. dub.) (NH id. Hiph., fig. senses, צִיץ n. = BH);—
Qal Pf. 1. 3 ms. צָץ הַמַּטֶּה Ez 7:10 (fig.; ‖ פָּרַח הַזָּדוֹן); Impf. 3 ms. יָצִיץ ψ 90:6 (of grass, חָצִיר), 103:15 (man under fig. of flower), fig. יָצִיץ וּפָרַח יִשׂ׳ Is 27:6; 3 mpl. יָצִיצוּ ψ 72:16, וַיָּצִיצוּ 92:8 (‖ פָּרַח; both fig. of men =) flourish. 2. shine, gleam: of crown (נֵזֶר) ψ 132:18.
Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּצֵץ צִיץ Nu 17:23 it put forth blossoms (of rod;—ֵ perhaps from ‖ וַיֹּצֵא פֶרַח).BDB צוּץ.2
† II. [צוּץ] vb.
Hiph. gaze, peep (NH Hiph. gaze (rare); Aramaic צִיץ gaze);—Pt. מֵצִיץ מִן־הַחֲרַכִּים Ct 2:9 (v. ח׳, p. 355).BDB צוּץ².2
† צוֹק n.[m.] si vera l., constraint, distress;—וּבְצוֹק הָעִתִּים Dn 9:25 usually in distressful times; Gr וּבְקֵץ וגו׳ (so 𝔊 [v 27] 𝔖), as beginning of v 26, omitting וְ in וְאחרי (cf. Bev Marti).BDB צוֹק.2
† I. [צוּק] vb.
Hiph. constrain, bring into straits, press upon (NH צוּק be distressed (rare), Hiph. = BH; Arabic ضَاقَ (ى) be narrow, tight, so Ethiopic ጦቀ:; Aramaic עִיק, ܥܳܩ; Chr. Pal. ܨܘܩ );—Pf. 3 fs. הֵצִיקָה Ju 16:16, sf. הֱצִיקַתְהוּ 14:17, -נִי Jb 32:18 (Gi v 19); 1 s. וַהֲצִיקוֹתִ֫י consec. Is 29:2; Impf. 3 ms. יָצִיק Dt 28:53 + 2 times; 3 mpl. יָצִיקוּ Je 19:9, Pt. מֵצִיק Is 51:13(×2) pl. מְצִיקִים 29:7;—bring into straits, by importunity c. ל pers. Ju 16:16, c. sf. pers. 14:17; constrain (to speak) Jb 32:18 (sf. pers.); elsewhere of bringing into straits a city or people, c. ל, Is 29:2, 7, so 7:6 (reading וּנְצִיקֶנָּה for MT וּנְקִיצֶנָּה), Thes Che Du Gr Marti, cf. formula בְּמָצוֹר וּבְמָצוֹק אֲשֶׁר יָצ׳ לְ Dt 28:53, 55, 57 Je 19:9; pt. abs. הַמֵּצִיק Is 51:13(×2) the oppressor.BDB צוּק.2
† II. [צוּק] vb. pour out, melt (‖ יצק);—
Qal Pf. 3 pl. (according to Thes al.) צָקוּן Is 26:16, but v. infr.; Impf. 3 ms. וְאֶבֶן יָצוּק נְחוּשָׁה Jb 28:2 (read perhaps יָצוּקוּ, v. Bu) and stone (ore, men) melt it into copper; צוּר יָצוּק עִמָּדִי פַּלְגֵי־שָׁ֑מֶן Jb 29:6 the rock used to pour out beside me streams of oil.—Is 26:16 (as above) must mean they poured out (uttered) a whisper (לַחַשׁ; i.e. prayer); but form most improb.; Koppe Gr Di Du al. proposes צְקוֹן לַחַשׁ (from assumed צָקוֹן, I. צוק) = constraint of (like that of) magic;
< Houb Kit צָֽעֲקוּ בְלַחַץ וגו׳
, or CheHpt. צָעַקְנוּ מִלַּחַץ כִּי מוּסָֽרְךָ לָנוּ.BDB צוּק².2
† צוּקָה n.f. pressure, distress;—national Is 8:22 (+ צָרָה), cf. אֶרֶץ צָרָה וְצ׳ 30:6; personal צָרָה וְצ׳ Pr 1:27.BDB צוּקָה.2
I. צור (√ of foll.; cf. possibly Arabic صَارَ (و) cause to incline, lean; NH = BH (rare), so Aramaic ܨܰܘܪܳܐ (cf. Köii. 1, 90), צַוְּרָא).BDB צור.2
צוֹר Tyre v. צֹר.BDB צוֹר.2
II. צוּר vb. confine, bind, besiege (NH id., wrap (rare); Aramaic צוּר besiege, beleaguer);—
Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְצַרְתָּ֫ Dt 14:25, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫צַר 1 K 20:1 +, 2 ms. תָּצוּר Dt 20:19, etc.; Imv. fs. צוּרִ֫י Is 21:2 (after עֲלִי Köi. 444, cf. Ges§ 72 s); Inf. cstr. לָצוּר 1 S 23:8; Pt. pl. צָרִים 1 K 15:27 +;— 1. confine, secure (‖ I. צרר), acc. rei + ב of receptacle Dt 14:25; 2 K 5:23; Ez 5:3; complem. om. 2 K 12:11. 2. shut in, besiege, c. עַל of city 2 S 11:1; 1 K 15:27; 16:17; 20:1; 2 K 6:24, 25; 17:5; 18:9; 24:11; Is 29:3 (+ acc. of siege-works), Je 32:2; 37:5; 39:9; Dt 20:12; Ez 4:3; Dn 1:1; c. עַל pers. (Within city) 2 S 20:15; 2 K 16:5; Je 21:4, 9; c. אֶל of city (for עַל) Dt 20:19; c. אֶל pers. 1 S 23:8; c. אֵת of city only 1 Ch 20:1 (‖ 2 S 11:1 supr.); abs. Is 21:2.—הִנָּם צָרִים אֶת־הָעִיר עָלֶיךָ Ju 9:31 is corrupt; FrankenbRichterbuch 28 Bu GFMHpt Now מְעִרִים inciting against. 3. shut up, enclose: נָצוּר עָלֶיהָ לוּחַ אָ֑רֶז Ct 8:9 (על of maid [under fig. of door] + acc. mater., cf. Is 29:3 supr.); c. sf. pers. ψ 139:5 (fig., י׳ subj.).BDB צוּר.2
צַוָּר צַוְּרֹנִים v. צַוָּאר.BDB צַוָּר צַוְּרֹנִים.2